Immunotherapies Targeting Tumor-Associated Macrophages (TAMs) in Cancer.

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are one of the most plentiful immune compositions in the tumor microenvironment, which are further divided into anti-tumor M1 subtype and pro-tumor M2 subtype. Recent findings found that TAMs play a vital function in the regulation and progression of tumorigenesis. Moreover, TAMs promote tumor vascularization, and support the survival of tumor cells, causing an impact on tumor growth and patient prognosis.

Assessment for bone health in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma after postoperative thyroid-stimulating hormone suppression therapy: a new fracture risk assessment algorithm.

Purpose: The fracture risk assessment tool (FRAX) is used to assess the 10-year risk of major site and hip fractures; however, whether this tool can be applied to patients receiving levothyroxine-based thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) suppressive therapy for postoperative differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) patients is yet to be clarified.

Methods And Design: A total of 64 patients with DTC following thyroidectomy and oral levothyroxine for TSH suppression therapy and 30 gender- and age-matched controls were collected. The fracture risk was compared between the affected groups with different TSH levels.

Rivaroxaban for the treatment of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia with thrombosis in a patient undergoing artificial hip arthroplasty: A case report.

Background: Anticoagulation treatment after lower limb surgery is one of the key methods to avoid thrombosis, and low-molecular-weight heparin is the treatment that is most frequently used in clinical practice. But one uncommon side effect of low-molecular-weight heparin is heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT), which can develop into thrombosis if not caught early or managed incorrectly.

Case Summary: We present a case of a patient who underwent hip arthroplasty and experienced thrombocytopenia due to HIT on the 9 d following the application of low-molecular-weight heparin anticoagulation.

Therapies Targeting Immune Cells in Tumor Microenvironment for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays critical roles in immune modulation and tumor malignancies in the process of cancer development. Immune cells constitute a significant component of the TME and influence the migration and metastasis of tumor cells. Recently, a number of therapeutic approaches targeting immune cells have proven promising and have already been used to treat different types of cancer.

Identification of Transcriptional Pattern Related to Immune Cell Infiltration With Gene Co-Expression Network in Papillary Thyroid Cancer.

Background: A growing body of evidence suggests that immune cell infiltration in cancer is closely related to clinical outcomes. However, there is still a lack of research on papillary thyroid cancer (PTC).

Methods: Based on single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (SSGSEA) algorithm and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) tool, the infiltration level of immune cell and key modules and genes associated with the level of immune cell infiltration were identified using PTC gene expression data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database.

Uncovering the potential miRNAs and mRNAs in follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma in the Cancer Genome Atlas database.

Background: Understanding the molecule mechanism is a key step in the development of diagnostic and therapeutic measures of follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma. The objective of this study is to identify differentially expressed miRNAs and mRNAs, shedding light on the molecule mechanism of follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Methods: The data of miRNA, mRNA and DNA methylation were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database.

Hydrothermal synthesis and photoluminescent properties of stacked indium sulfide superstructures.

Unusual hierarchical stacked superstructures of cubic beta-In2S3 were fabricated via a facile hydrothermal process in the presence of a surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide CTAB; the 3D superstructures were developed by helical propagation of surface steps from microflakes of 10-20 nm thickness.

Facile and controllable synthesis of polyoxometalate nanorods within polyelectrolyte matrix.

Well dispersed polyoxometalate nanorods have been selectively and controllably synthesized within the polyelectrolyte (PE) films via a layer-by-layer (LbL) adsorption-precipitation method. The PE matrix was fabricated by LbL self-assembly technology and then the multilayer films containing polyoxometalate nanorods were constructed by repetitive adsorption of polyanions and subsequent precipitation with counter ions-tetraethylammonium bromide (TEAB). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to observe the variation of size and morphology of the nanorods.

Surfactant-assisted fabrication PbS nanorods, nanobelts, nanovelvet-flowers and dendritic nanostructures at lower temperature in aqueous solution.

PbS nanostructures with different morphologies, such as rod-like, belt-like, downy-velvet-flower-like and dendrite-like, were fabricated successfully under varied reaction conditions in aqueous solution at lower temperature by the assistance of surfactant CTAB. Especially, among all the synthesis methods for PbS nanocrystals, this is the first report using basic acetate of lead, which was formed at initial reaction stage, as a precursor to control the crystal nucleation rate. This synthesis method is a promising one to metal sulfide for its easy control, low-cost and large-scale production.