Sanitary-Hygienic Research to Ensure State Sanitary-Epidemiological Surveillance in the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Objective: There are numerous factors that impact human health. Sanitary and hygienic conditions in the workplace and living environments, the state of the environment, and nutrition levels play a significant role in determining environmental quality. An integral part is also the organization of effective treatment and preventive health care services for the population.

Health Status and Quality of Life in the Population near Zhezkazgan Copper Smelter, Kazakhstan.

Background: The industrial city of Zhezkazgan is one of the most important cities in the industrial sector and the most polluted city in the Republic of Kazakhstan. There is placed Kazakhstan's largest copper smelter. The entire technological process (extraction, crushing, grinding, purification, and smelting of pure ingots) of the production of the copper smelter releases into the environment mainly various kinds of solid particles, sulfur oxides (SOx), and various carcinogenic elements.

Human health cost of hydrogen sulfide air pollution from an oil and gas Field.

The Karachaganak oil and gas condensate field (KOGCF), one of the largest in the world, located in the Republic of Kazakhstan (RoK) in Central Asia, is surrounded by 10 settlements with a total population of 9,000 people. Approximately73% of this population constantly mention a specific odour of rotten eggs in the air, typical for hydrogen sulfide (HS) emissions, and the occurrence of low-level concentrations of hydrogen sulfide around certain industrial installations (esp. oil refineries) is a well known fact.