Immunomodulatory and chemopreventive effects of resveratrol on the digestive system cancers.

Resveratrol (RSV), the primary polyphenol found in grapes, has been revealed to have anti-inflammatory properties by reducing the capacity of the peripheral blood mononuclear cells to produce pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, IL-6, IL-1ra and TNFα. Considering the close association between chronic inflammation and cancer development, RSV's immunomodulatory properties are one way by which the polyphenol may inhibit cancer initiation, proliferation, neovascularization, and migration. Resveratrol influences the generation of microtumor environment which is one of the key factors in cancer progress.

Cytokine Release Ensuing Interaction Between Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclears and Epstein-Barr Virus Transformed B-CLL Cell Line.

Introduction: B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) is a common form of leukemia affecting mostly elderly individuals. The course of the disease is usually unremarkable, but because it may proceed with impaired immune defense, B-CLL might be complicated with infections and even death. The leukemic microenvironment containing a number of immune cells, mainly lymphocytes and macrophages capable to produce various molecules including inflammatory cytokines, plays an important role in the development and outcome of the disease.

The impact of three commercial sweeteners on cytokine expression by mononuclears impelled by colon carcinoma cells.

The study was designed to examine the immunomodulatory effect of three commercial sweeteners on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and on the immune dialogue between these and human HT-29 and HuCC colon cancer lines. PBMC were incubated with Sweet'N Low, Splenda and Stevia and the cytokine production was examined. The cytokine release of PBMC co-cultured with colon cancer cells in the presence of sweeteners was evaluated.

Broccoli and human health: immunomodulatory effect of sulforaphane in a model of colon cancer.

The favourable properties of broccoli on human health are due to their abundant content of vitamins, minerals and isothiocyanates, the sulforaphane (SFN) being the most important. SFN is created from its precursor glucoraphanin and it is released by myrosinase enzymes produced during crushing of the plant. SFN has been shown to possess anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties.

Cytokine Production by Mononuclear Cells from Patients with Familial Infantile Bilateral Striatal Necrosis.

Prompted by findings suggesting immune instability in infantile bilateral striatal necrosis (IBSN), we evaluated levels of proinflammatory (tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-6, interferon [IFN]γ) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10 and IL-1ra) cytokines produced by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 6 children with IBSN and 11 age-matched controls. Compared to controls, non-stimulated PBMC from the IBSN group produced a significantly lower level of IL-1ra (by 38%; p < 0.001) and significantly lower levels of TNFα, IL-1β, and IFNγ (by 36% [p < 0.

Probiotic strains modulate cytokine production and the immune interplay between human peripheral blood mononucear cells and colon cancer cells.

Human health is tightly connected with a great number of gut microbial cells designated as microbiome or microbiota. We have examined the effect of six microbial strains (MS) included in a commercial probiotic on cytokine production by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and on their immune dialog with colon carcinoma cells. Non-stimulated and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated PBMC were incubated for 24 h with MS.

Capsaicin Modulates the Immune Cross Talk Between Human Mononuclears and Cells from Two Colon Carcinoma Lines.

Background: Capsaicin, the pungent alkaloid of the chili peppers, has gained a worldwide reputation. In addition to its culinary assets, capsaicin possesses analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and even carcinopreventive properties. Considering the linkage between chronic inflammation and tumorigenesis, the aim of the study was to evaluate the role of capsaicin in the immune interplay between human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and HT-29 or RKO cells from human colon carcinoma lines.

High temperature affects the phagocytic activity of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

Background: The ability for engulfment of pathogens and inert particles is the key hallmark of the phagocytic cells. Phagocytes play a significant role in the modulation of local or extended inflammation. Since fever activates a number of factors linked with the immune response it was the goal of this study to examine the in vitro effect of hyperthermia on the phagocytic capacity, the number of phagocytic cells and the viability of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) at 37 and 40°C.

Mononuclear cells phagocytic activity affects the crosstalk between immune and cancer cells.

The "professional phagocytes", i.e. monocytes and macrophages, play an important role as eliminators of pathogens and as essential components of the immune system.

Modulators affecting the immune dialogue between human immune and colon cancer cells.

The link between chronic inflammation and colorectal cancer has been well established. The events proceeding along tumorigenesis are complicated and involve cells activated at the cancer microenvironment, tumor infiltrating polymorphonuclears, immune cells including lymphocyte subtypes and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), as well as tumor-associated macrophages. The immune cells generate inflammatory cytokines, several of them playing a crucial role in tumorigenesis.

Do androgen deprivation drugs affect the immune cross-talk between mononuclear and prostate cancer cells?

The aim of the study was to examine the effect of androgen deprivation drugs, i.e. leuprolide and bicalutamide on the immune cross-talk between human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and cells from PC-3 and LNCaP human prostate cancer lines.

Role of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in the predisposition of obese individuals to inflammation and infection.

Objective: To compare the production of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from obese but otherwise healthy individuals to that of normal-weight volunteers.

Methods: 25 healthy normal-weight subjects and 41 obese individuals were enrolled. Weight and height were measured twice.

Resveratrol affects the cross talk between immune and colon cancer cells.

Resveratrol, a natural polyphenolic compound found mainly in grapes and their seeds, is gaining a widespread appreciation as a therapeutic adjuvant in a variety of diseases including cancer prevention. We examined the effect of resveratrol as a modulator of the immune dialog between peripheral blood mononuclear cells and those from two human colon carcinoma lines, expressed by a possible alteration of cytokine production. Resveratrol, incubated with non-stimulated mononuclear cells, caused a certain reduction of IL-6, IL-1ra and IL-10, and a moderate increase of TNFα release.

1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 modulates the interaction between immune and colon cancer cells.

Following observations indicating the existence of a relationship between immune and cancer cells in the course of tumor development, it was the aim of the study to establish the role of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (vit. D) in the functional equilibrium between cells from two human colon carcinoma lines-induced cytokine production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). PBMC were incubated with HT-29 and RKO human colon cancer cells with and without vit.

Human prostate cancer cells induce inflammatory cytokine secretion by peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

A substantial number of studies provide evidence that inflammation may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer via increased activity of inflammatory cytokines, particularly IL-6. We have previously shown that peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) are capable of carrying out an in vitro "immunomodulatory dialog" with colon cancer cells expressed by an increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by PBMC. The aim of the current study was to examine the model of cell-to-cell interaction between PBMC and prostate cancer cells from two lines - androgen resistant (PC-3) and androgen-dependent (LNCaP).

Caffeine alters cytokine secretion by PBMC induced by colon cancer cells.

Background: Studies have shown that caffeine might be capable to prevent colon cancer development. This activity is linked in part to its anti-inflammatory properties mediated through modulation of immune responses. It was the aim of the study to evaluate the role of caffeine in the immune balance between peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and those of HT-29 and RKO human colon cancer lines.

Statins as modulators of colon cancer cells induced cytokine secretion by human PBMC.

The study was designed to examine whether the hydrophilic statin - pravastatin and the hydrophobic statin - simvastatin affect colon cancer cell-induced cytokine secretion by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Statins were added to human colon cancer cells (HT-29 and RKO), or to PBMC incubated separately or jointly. The secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IFNγ and that of the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-1ra and IL-10 induced by cancer cells was decreased by simvastatin but not by pravastatin, whereas that of IL-6 was not affected by both drugs.

Role of the equilibrium between colon cancer and mononuclear cells in cytokine production.

Patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are at increased risk for colorectal cancer, a phenomenon assumed to be at least in part consequence of chronic inflammation. The purpose of this study was to examine whether human colon cancer cells may promote immune cells to produce cytokines, particularly those involved in inflammatory reaction. HT-29 and RKO human colon cancer cell lines were used.

On the combined effect of statins and lycopene on cytokine production by human peripheral blood cells.

Since both statins and lycopene exert immunomodulatory activities following incubation with human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), the present work was designed to examine whether they may induce a synergistic or antagonistic effect on cytokine production while applied together. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from 15 healthy subjects were incubated for 24 h as follows: (1) without and with 0.125 or 0.

Coenzyme Q10 decreases TNF-alpha and IL-2 secretion by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

The beneficial effect of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) on human health occurs through various mechanisms including the possibility of immunomodulation. Therefore, the purpose of study was to examine the in vitro effect of CoQ10 on cytokine production and superoxide anion generation by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). 2x10(6)/mL PBMC obtained from 19 volunteers were incubated for 24 h without or with 0.

Inflammation and colorectal cancer: does aspirin affect the interaction between cancer and immune cells?

The effect of aspirin on colon-cancer-cell-induced cytokine secretion by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) was examined. Aspirin was added to human colon cancer cells (HT-29 and RKO) or to PBMC incubated separately or jointly. The secretion of IFNγ, IL-6, and IL-10 induced by HT-29 cells was decreased, that of IL-1β was slightly increased, whereas IL-1ra production was not affected.

Citrus pectin affects cytokine production by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

Dietary fibers, including pectin, have been shown to exert a favorable effect on a wide spectrum of pathological conditions. Their positive influence on human health is explained by their anti-oxidative, hypocholesterolemic and anti-cancerous effects. However, little has been reported about their activity on the immune system.

In vitro effect of lycopene on cytokine production by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

There is evidence indicating that regular consumption of tomato products is associated with favorable immunomodulatory effects. In addition, tomato extracts have been shown to possess antioxidant, anticarcinogenic and antithrombotic activity in vitro. Since tomatoes are rich in carotenoids and particularly in lycopene--the pigment responsible for the red color of tomatoes--the present work was designed to examine the in vitro effect of lycopene on cytokine production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 15 healthy subjects.

Hydrophobic but not hydrophilic statins enhance phagocytosis and decrease apoptosis of human peripheral blood cells in vitro.

The engulfing ability of phagocyting cells is related to the fluidity of the cell membrane that in turn depends on its chemical composition. Changes in membranal lipid content may increase or decrease membranal fluidity with a subsequent enhanced or impaired phagocytosis, respectively. Statins are recognized as potent inhibitors of cholesterol synthesis and therefore, are successfully administered to patients with hypercholesterolemia.

On the factors modulating the effect of statins on malignant cell proliferation.

HuCC, EHEB, K562, and Raji cells were incubated with 3 hydrophobic statins (atorvastatin, lovastatin, and simvastatin) and one hydrophilic statin (pravastatin). The 4 statins inhibited HuCC cell proliferation; however, none of them affected their apoptosis. EHEB and K562 cell proliferation was inhibited by the hydrophobic statins, but not by pravastatin.