The circadian rhythm: A new target of natural products that can protect against diseases of the metabolic system, cardiovascular system, and nervous system.

Background: The treatment of metabolic system, cardiovascular system, and nervous system diseases remains to be explored. In the internal environment of organisms, the metabolism of substances such as carbohydrates, lipids and proteins (including biohormones and enzymes) exhibit a certain circadian rhythm to maintain the energy supply and material cycle needed for the normal activities of organisms. As a key factor for the health of organisms, the circadian rhythm can be disrupted by pathological conditions, and this disruption accelerates the progression of diseases and results in a vicious cycle.

Oroxin A from improves disordered lipid metabolism by inhibiting SREBPs in oleic acid-induced HepG2 cells and high-fat diet-fed non-insulin-resistant rats.

Background: Lipid metabolism disorders have become a major global public health issue. Due to the complexity of these diseases, additional research and drugs are needed. Oroxin A, the major component of (L.

Chromium iodate: the structure and origin of optical second harmonic generation.

Iodate crystal materials are some of the important candidates for mid-infrared nonlinear optical (NLO) crystals. Almost all the structures and NLO properties of monometallic iodates have been studied, except for a few difficult to synthesize crystalline phases. In this work, crystalline Cr(IO) was synthesized and its optical properties were studied.

Anhydrous Aluminum Iodate: Strong Second Harmonic Generation Effect Contributed by Unbonded and Antibonding Orbitals.

Exploring materials that balance the second harmonic generation (SHG) effect and laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) is the frontier of nonlinear optical (NLO) crystal research at present. In this work, the NLO property of anhydrous aluminum iodate is extensively explored and discussed first. It exhibits a strong SHG intensity of 18.

Effects of plant natural products on metabolic-associated fatty liver disease and the underlying mechanisms: a narrative review with a focus on the modulation of the gut microbiota.

Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a chronic liver disease characterized by the excessive accumulation of fat in hepatocytes. However, due to the complex pathogenesis of MAFLD, there are no officially approved drugs for treatment. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find safe and effective anti-MAFLD drugs.

Attenuating effect of Willd. seed oil on progression of MAFLD.

Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a common chronic metabolic disease that seriously threatens human health. The pharmacological activity of unsaturated fatty acid-rich vegetable oil interventions in the treatment of MAFLD has been demonstrated. This study evaluated the pharmacological activity of Willd, which contains high levels of 2-acetyl-1,3-diacyl-sn-glycerols (sn-2-acTAGs).

Immunization with a heat-killed prm1 deletion strain protects the host from infection.

Systemic infection with , a dangerous and contagious pathogen found throughout the world, frequently results in lethal cryptococcal pneumonia and meningoencephalitis, and no effective treatments and vaccination of cryptococcosis are available. Here, we describe Prm1, a novel regulator of virulence cells exhibit extreme sensitivity to various environmental stress conditions. Furthermore, cells show deficiencies in the biosynthesis of chitosan and mannoprotein, which in turn result in impairment of cell wall integrity.

The impact of microbially modified metabolites associated with obesity and bariatric surgery on antitumor immunity.

Obesity is strongly associated with the occurrence and development of many types of cancers. Patients with obesity and cancer present with features of a disordered gut microbiota and metabolism, which may inhibit the physiological immune response to tumors and possibly damage immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. In recent years, bariatric surgery has become increasingly common and is recognized as an effective strategy for long-term weight loss; furthermore, bariatric surgery can induce favorable changes in the gut microbiota.

Naringenin Ameliorates Hyperuricemia by Regulating Renal Uric Acid Excretion via the PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway and Renal Inflammation through the NF-κB Signaling Pathway.

Hyperuricemia characterized by high serum levels of uric acid (UA, >6.8 mg/dL) is regarded as a common chronic metabolic disease. When used as a food supplement, naringenin might have various pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, free-radical-scavenging, and inflammation-suppressing activities.

New insight into the management of renal excretion and hyperuricemia: Potential therapeutic strategies with natural bioactive compounds.

Hyperuricemia is the result of increased production and/or underexcretion of uric acid. Hyperuricemia has been epidemiologically associated with multiple comorbidities, including metabolic syndrome, gout with long-term systemic inflammation, chronic kidney disease, urolithiasis, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, rheumatoid arthritis, dyslipidemia, diabetes/insulin resistance and increased oxidative stress. Dysregulation of xanthine oxidoreductase (XOD), the enzyme that catalyzes uric acid biosynthesis primarily in the liver, and urate transporters that reabsorb urate in the renal proximal tubules (URAT1, GLUT9, OAT4 and OAT10) and secrete urate (ABCG2, OAT1, OAT3, NPT1, and NPT4) in the renal tubules and intestine, is a major cause of hyperuricemia, along with variations in the genes encoding these proteins.

Microstructure evolution, IMC growth, and microhardness of Cu, Ni, Ag-microalloyed Sn-5Sb/Cu solder joints under isothermal aging.

In this work, various Cu, Ni, Ag-microalloyed Sn-5Sb/Cu joints, ordinary Sn-5Sb/Cu joints, and low-melting-point Sn-3Ag-0.5Cu (SAC305)/Cu (used for comparison) were prepared, focusing on the influence of Cu, Ni, and Ag on the microstructure evolution, interfacial IMC growth, and microhardness of Sn-5Sb/Cu joint under long-time isothermal aging process. Results showed that the microstructure of microalloyed joints consisted of β-Sn matrix, SbSn, and (Cu, Ni)Sn and AgSn compounds.

The mechanism for enhanced oxidation degradation of dioxin-like PCBs (PCB-77) in the atmosphere by the solvation effect.

The reaction pathways of PCB-77 in the atmosphere with ·OH, O, NO , and O were inferred based on density functional theory calculations with the 6-31G* basis set. The structures the reactants, transition states, intermediates, and products were optimized. The energy barriers and reaction heats were obtained to determine the energetically favorable reaction pathways.

Superparamagnetic MFe2O 4 (M = Ni, Co, Zn, Mn) nanoparticles: synthesis, characterization, induction heating and cell viability studies for cancer hyperthermia applications.

Superparamagnetic nanoferrites are prepared by simple and one step refluxing in polyol synthesis. The ferrite nanoparticles prepared by this method exhibit particle sizes below 10 nm and high degree of crystallinity. These ferrite nanoparticles are compared by means of their magnetic properties, induction heating and cell viability studies for its application in magnetic fluid hyperthermia.

An electrochemical aptasensor for thrombin detection based on the recycling of exonuclease III and double-stranded DNA-templated copper nanoparticles assisted signal amplification.

In this paper, we report an improved electrochemical aptasensor based on exonuclease III and double-stranded DNA (dsDNA)-templated copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) assisted signal amplification. In this sensor, duplex DNA from the hybridization of ligated thrombin-binding aptamer (TBA) subunits and probe DNA can act as an effective template for the formation of CuNPs on the electrode surface, so copper ions released from acid-dissolution of CuNPs may catalyze the oxidation of ο-phenylenediamine to produce an amplified electrochemical response. In the presence of thrombin, a short duplex domain with four complementary base pairs can be stabilized by the binding of TBA subunits with thrombin, in which TBA subunit 2 can be partially digested from 3' terminal with the cycle of exonuclease III, so the ligation of TBA subunits and the subsequent formation of CuNPs can be inhibited.