Effects of Pre-Dehydration Treatments on Physicochemical Properties, Non-Volatile Flavor Characteristics, and Microbial Communities during Paocai Fermentation.

The paocai industry faces challenges related to the production of large volumes of high-salinity and acidic brine by-products. Maintaining paocai quality while reducing brine production is crucial. This study utilized high-throughput sequencing technology to analyze microbial changes throughout the fermentation process, along with the non-volatile flavor compounds and physicochemical properties, to assess the impact of hot-air and salt-pressing pre-dehydration treatments on paocai quality.

Development of Zanthoxylum bungeanum essential oil Pickering emulsions using potato protein-chitosan nanoparticles and its application in mandarin preservation.

This study aimed to develop Pickering emulsions for the encapsulation of Zanthoxylum bungeanum essential oil (ZBEO) using potato protein-chitosan composite nanoparticles (PCCNs). The sustained release properties of ZBEO, antifungal efficacy, and preservation effects of formulated ZBEO-Pickering emulsions (ZBEO-PEs) on mandarins were evaluated. Particle size, zeta potential, emulsifying activity (EAI), and emulsifying stability (ESI) analysis showed that PCCNs prepared with the potato protein to chitosan mass ratio of 10:3 provided optimal emulsification and stabilization.

Impact of microorganisms on key processes of organic acid metabolism during the occurrence and disappearance of paocai pellicle.

In vegetable fermentation, pellicle is a common quality deterioration phenomenon. This study investigates the characteristics of glucose, organic acids, amino acids, and biogenic amines during the pellicle occurrence and disappearance of paocai. The results revealed a slight increase in pH of the fermentation system after pellicle occurred, and glucose was the main carbohydrate that microbial activity primary relied on.

Antibiofilm Activity and Mechanism of Linalool against Food Spoilage .

Pellicle biofilm-forming bacteria are the major spoilage microorganisms of soy products. Due to their inherent resistance to antibiotics and disinfectants, pellicle biofilms formed are difficult to eliminate and represent a threat to food safety. Here, we assessed linalool's ability to prevent the pellicle of two spoilage strains.

Peptide profiles and allergy-reactivity of extensive hydrolysates of milk protein.

Milk protein concentrate (MPC) is one of the major allergens in food. This study aimed to analyze the peptide profiles and potential allergenicity of the extensive hydrolysates of MPC (EMPHs) using the peptidomics approach. Results demonstrated that when the hydrolysis time was 4 h, the degree of hydrolysis of the four EMPHs (AX, Alcalase-Protamex), (AD, Alcalase-Protease A 2SD), (AE, Alcalase-Flavourzyme) and (AH, Alcalase-ProteAXH) were 12.

Identification of pellicle formation related microorganisms in traditional Sichuan paocai through metagenomic sequence and the effects of Baijiu/Salt on pellicle and volatile components.

The occurrence of pellicle on the surface of paocai brine is a common undesirable phenomenon during the multi-rounds of paocai fermentation, which is mainly caused by the growth of microorganisms related to pellicle formation. But the detailed information on these microorganisms and volatile components produced by them, as well as the changes of the microorganisms during the process of paocai recovery, are still rare in the literature. Therefore, the purpose of this study was (1) to analyze the pellicle formation related microorganisms by comparing the differential microorganisms in initial brine and the brine when pellicle occurred through metagenomic sequencing technology, (2) to explore the changes of microorganisms in the fermentation system after addition Baijiu and/or salt, and (3) to further detect the VOCs in paocai samples by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).

A label-free electrochemical aptasensor based on AuNPs-loaded zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 for sensitive determination of aflatoxin B1.

In this study, an electrochemical aptasensor for sensitive detection of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) was fabricated by electrodepositing gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on the glass carbon electrode (GCE) modified with zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8). The high specific surface area of AuNPs/ZIF-8 nanocomposite increased the aptamers loading on the electrode surface. When compared to other previously reported sensors, the developed aptasensor exhibited a wider linear range of 10.

PtrHAT22, as a higher hierarchy regulator, coordinately regulates secondary cell wall component biosynthesis in Populus trichocarpa.

Homeodomain-leucine zipper (HD-Zip) II transcription factors (TFs) have been reported to play vital roles in diverse biological processes of plants. However, it remains unclear whether HD-Zip II TFs regulate secondary cell wall (SCW) in woody plants. In this study, we performed the functional characterization of a Populus trichocarpa HD-Zip II TF, PtrHAT22, which encodes a nuclear localized transcription repressor predominantly expressing in secondary developing tissues.

Incorporation of Lipids into Wheat Bran Cellulose/Wheat Gluten Composite Film Improves Its Water Resistance Properties.

This work evaluated the improvement effects of lipids incorporation on water resistance of composite biodegradable film prepared with wheat bran cellulose/wheat gluten (WBC/WG) using an alkaline-ethanol film forming system. Four types of lipids, paraffin wax (PW), beeswax (BW), paraffin oil (PO), and oleic acid (OA), were tested. We found that PW, BW, and PO incorporation at 5-20% improved water vapor permeability () and surface hydrophobicity of prepared films.

Clinical observation of end-to-end neuroanastomosis in the treatment of complete injury of the unilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve.

Background: Complete injury of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) is a serious complication of thyroid surgery. Increasingly researches focus on the voice recovery of patients with RLN injury. This paper studied the effect of immediate end-to-end neuroanastomosis after complete injury of the unilateral RLN during thyroid surgery on postoperative vocal function.

Role of miR92a3p/PTEN axis in regulation of pancreatic cancer cell proliferation and metastasis.

Objectives: To explore the effect of miR-92a-3p on the proliferation and metastasis of pancreatic cancer cells via targeting phosphatase and tension homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN).

Methods: MiR-92a-3p expression and PTEN protein levels were quantified in a normal pancreatic cells (HPDE6-C7) and 5 pancreatic cancer cell lines (Panc-1, BxPC-3, AsPC-1,MIA Paca-2, and Capan-2) by real-time PCR and Western blotting, respectively. BxPC-3 and Panc-1 cells were selected for further experiment.

Extraction Optimization and Evaluation of the Antioxidant and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity of Polysaccharides from cv. Hangju.

In order to evaluate the antioxidant and α-glucosidase activities of polysaccharides from cv. Hangju (CMPs), the response surface methodology was applied to optimize the parameters for extraction progress of CMPs by ultrasound, with heat reflex extraction (HRE) performed as the control. The difference in the physicochemical properties of polysaccharides obtained by the two methods were also investigated.

Preparation and characterization of indicator films from carboxymethyl-cellulose/starch and purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) lam) anthocyanins for monitoring fish freshness.

A novel indicator film from carboxymethyl-cellulose (CMC)/starch (S) and purple sweet potato anthocyanins (PSPA) was prepared and characterized. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic (FT-IR) analysis indicated that new interaction were generated between the components of the film, and the scanning electron microscopic (SEM) and X-ray diffraction spectra (XRD) showed that PSPA was well dispersed in CMC and starch-based film. The results from differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) analysis revealed that the novel film had increased melting temperature.

Mechanism of antimicrobial peptide NP-6 from Sichuan pepper seeds against E. coli and effects of different environmental factors on its activity.

A novel antimicrobial peptide named NP-6 was identified in our previous work. Here, the mechanisms of the peptide against Escherichia coli (E. coli) were further investigated, as well as the peptide's resistance to temperature, pH, salinity, and enzymes.

Discovery and identification of antimicrobial peptides in Sichuan pepper (Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim) seeds by peptidomics and bioinformatics.

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have generated growing attention because of the increasing bacterial resistance. However, the discovery and identification of AMPs have proven to be challenging due to the complex purification procedure associated with conventional methods. For the reasons given above, it is necessary to explore more efficient ways to obtain AMPs.

Properties comparison between free and immobilized wheat esterase using glass fiber film.

In this paper, the catalytic performance of non-purified esterase from wheat bran immobilized on glass fibre membrane carrier is established, the immobilization conditions observed were enzyme 1 mL, phosphate buffer 3 mL (pH 7.0), immobilization time 1 h, immobilization temperature 29 °C. After carrier functionalization some characteristics of immobilized enzyme were studied, the results showed that immobilized enzyme presenting improved characteristic than that of free enzyme.

Novel liquid fermentation medium of and optimization of hydrothermal reflux extraction of cordycepin.

In this study, we developed a novel liquid fermentation medium of using pupa powder and wheat bran as nitrogen resources instead of the traditionally used peptone. This process not only reduced the cost by approximately 50%, but increased production by over 30%. Then, we explored a method to extract and purify cordycepin by combining hydrothermal reflux extraction with macroporous resin adsorption, which is inexpensive and suitable for the industrial production.

Electrochemistry Study of Permselectivity and Interfacial Electron Transfers of a Branch-Tailed Fluorosurfactant Self-Assembled Monolayer on Gold.

We investigated the permselectivity and interfacial electron transfers of an amphiphilic branch-tailed fluorosurfactant self-assembled monolayer (FS-SAM) on a gold electrode by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The FS-SAM was prepared by a self-assembly technique and a "click" reaction. The barrier property and interfacial electron transfers of the FS-SAM were also evaluated using various probes with different features.

The Size Flexibility of Ferritin Nanocage Opens a New Way to Prepare Nanomaterials.

Ferritins are ubiquitous iron storage proteins where Fe(II) sequestration prevents not only its spontaneous oxidation to Fe(III) but also production of toxic free radicals. Recently, scientists have subverted these nature functions and used ferritin cage structures of nanometer dimensions for encapsulation of guest molecules such as anti-cancer drugs or bioactive nutrients based on pH induced ferritin disassembly and reassembly property. However, prior to this study, ferritin nanocage was required to disassemble only under harsh pH conditions (≤2.

Immunolocalization of Jian Carp (Cyprinus Carpio Var. Jian) Cathepsin B: Cloning, Expression, Characterization, and Antibody Preparation.

Cathepsin B (CatB) cDNA of 759 bp from Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian) with amino acid similarity of 99.6% to common carp was cloned.

A novel calcium supplement prepared by phytoferritin nanocages protects against absorption inhibitors through a unique pathway.

The consumption of milk is declining in industrialized countries, leading to inadequate calcium intake. Therefore, it is important to explore a new class of Ca-enriched nutrient for the fortification of food. In this work, we prepared a novel class of soluble and edible Ca-protein complexes where approximately 140 calcium ions were encapsulated within a phytoferritin nanocage.

Stability and iron oxidation properties of a novel homopolymeric plant ferritin from adzuki bean seeds: a comparative analysis with recombinant soybean seed H-1 chain ferritin.

Background: All reported plant ferritins are heteropolymers comprising two different H-type subunits. Whether or not homopolymeric plant ferritin occurs in nature is an open question.

Methods: A homopolymeric phytoferritin from adzuki bean seeds (ASF) was obtained by various protein purification techniques for the first time, which shares the highest identity (89.

Identification of seven water-soluble non-storage proteins from pomegranate (Punica granatum Linn.) seeds.

As pomegranate (Punica granatum Linn.) processing is fast growing, the usage of pomegranate processing wastes containing seeds has been receiving great attention. The protein component accounts for 100-130 g/kg of the seeds in weight.

Effect of tannic acid on properties of soybean (Glycine max) seed ferritin: a model for interaction between naturally-occurring components in foodstuffs.

There are many components with different properties co-existing in food, so interactions among these components are likely to occur, thereby affecting food quality. However, relatively little information is available on such interactions. In this study, we focus on the interaction between tannic acid (TA) and soybean seed ferritin (SSF), since they co-exist in many foodstuffs, and the consequence of this interaction.

A novel strategy of natural plant ferritin to protect DNA from oxidative damage during iron oxidation.

Plant ferritin is a naturally occurring heteropolymer in plastids, where Fe(2+) is oxidatively deposited into the protein. However, the effect of this process on the coexistence of DNA and plant ferritin in the plastids is unknown. To investigate this effect, we built a system in which various plant ferritins and DNA coexist, followed by treatment with ferrous ions under aerobic conditions.