Glycogen synthesis is required for adaptive thermogenesis in beige adipose tissue and affects diet-induced obesity.

Glycogen is a form of energy storage for glucose in different tissues such as liver and skeletal muscle. It remains incompletely understood how glycogen impacts on adipose tissue functionality. Cold exposure elevated the expression of that encodes glycogen synthase 1 in brown adipose tissue (BAT) and inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT).

Time-restricted feeding ameliorates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis reducing intestinal inflammation.

Time-restricted feeding (TRF) is an emerging dietary intervention that improves metabolic disorders such as obesity, insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract, where nutrition plays an important role in its pathogenesis. Although numerous strategies of nutritional intervention have been reported, whether TRF can improve IBD has been elusive.

Intermittent Caloric Restriction Promotes Erythroid Development and Ameliorates Phenylhydrazine-Induced Anemia in Mice.

Background: Dietary restriction has a profound effect in altering immune system and promoting metabolic health and aging. However, how dietary restriction impacts erythroid system is largely unknown. We found that a short-term caloric restriction (CR) stimulates expression of KLF1, a master regulator of erythroid development, in the spleen of mouse, and thus explored the potential effect of CR on erythropoiesis.

Phase Prediction of High-Entropy Alloys by Integrating Criterion and Machine Learning Recommendation Method.

The comprehensive properties of high-entropy alloys (HEAs) are highly-dependent on their phases. Although a large number of machine learning (ML) algorithms has been successfully applied to the phase prediction of HEAs, the accuracies among different ML algorithms based on the same dataset vary significantly. Therefore, selection of an efficient ML algorithm would significantly reduce the number and cost of the experiments.

Lactate Is a Key Mediator That Links Obesity to Insulin Resistance via Modulating Cytokine Production From Adipose Tissue.

Numerous evidence indicates that inflammation in adipose tissue is the primary cause of systemic insulin resistance induced by obesity. Obesity-associated changes in circulating LPS level and hypoxia/HIF-1α activation have been proposed to be involved in boosting obesity-induced inflammation. However, there is poor understanding of what triggers obesity-induced inflammation.

Urinary element profiles and associations with cardiometabolic diseases: A cross-sectional study across ten areas in China.

Background: Existing evidence on the associations of urinary element profiles with related food intake and cardiometabolic diseases has been limited in China.

Objectives: To examine the associations of urinary toxic metals and other elements with food intakes and with the prevalence of cardiometabolic diseases.

Methods: Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was used to measure the concentrations of cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), nickel (Ni), aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), and 16 other elements in spot urine samples collected from 19,380 adults in 10 geographically diverse areas of China during 2013-2014.

Improvement of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice by Intermittent Use of a Fasting-Mimicking Diet.

Scope: Liver plays a central role in maintaining lipid homeostasis which is dysregulated in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) caused by overload of dietary fat, increase in lipid synthesis, and alteration of fatty acid oxidation in the liver. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether intermittent calorie restriction using a fasting-mimicking diet (FMD) is able to slow down the progression of NAFLD in mice.

Methods And Results: This study analyzed the intervention activity of a FMD low in carbohydrate/protein but high in dietary fibers with a NAFLD mouse model induced by high-fat high-sucrose diet (HFHSD).

Intermittent administration of a fasting-mimicking diet reduces intestinal inflammation and promotes repair to ameliorate inflammatory bowel disease in mice.

Recent studies have revealed that calorie restriction is able to modulate immune system and aid in intervention of immune disorders. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an immune disease in the intestine caused by interplay between genetic susceptibility and environmental factors such as diets. Here we analyzed the therapeutic effect of intermittent calorie restriction with a fasting-mimicking diet (FMD) on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced chronic IBD model in mice.

Adipose tissue lipolysis is regulated by PAQR11 via altering protein stability of phosphodiesterase 4D.

Fat storage and mobilization in adipose tissue play a central role in energy metabolism and are directly linked to the development of obesity. Upon starvation, fat is mobilized from adipose tissue by lipolysis, a process by which triglycerides are hydrolyzed to free fatty acids to be used as an energy source in skeletal muscles and other tissues. However, how lipolysis is activated by starvation is not fully known.

Intermittent caloric restriction with a modified fasting-mimicking diet ameliorates autoimmunity and promotes recovery in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis.

Dietary interventions such as fasting have been proved to be effective in the prevention of metabolic and autoimmune diseases as well as aging-related conditions. The complicated interaction between nutrition and immunity has drawn wide attention in recent years. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effect of intermittent caloric restriction on autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a model of multiple sclerosis, in mice.

Comparison of glycemic improvement between intermittent calorie restriction and continuous calorie restriction in diabetic mice.

Background: Calorie restriction (CR) has been well proved to be a powerful tool to improve metabolic health associated with aging; and many types of CR have been proposed. Intermittent CR has become a trend in recent years due to its better compliance than continuous CR every day. However, there are few studies that directly compare the interventional activity of intermittent CR vs continuous CR in metabolic disorders such as diabetes.

PAQR3 modulates blood cholesterol level by facilitating interaction between LDLR and PCSK9.

Objective: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is the hallmark of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. The hepatic LDL receptor (LDLR) plays an important role in clearance of circulating LDL-C. PCSK9 facilitates degradation of LDLR in the lysosome and antagonizing PCSK9 has been successfully used in the clinic to reduce blood LDL-C level.