Association between systemic immune-inflammation index and cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome.

This study aims to explore the relationship between the Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) and Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic (CKM) Syndrome and its components. Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2001 to 2018 were analyzed. CKM Syndrome is defined as the coexistence of Cardiometabolic Syndrome (CMS) and Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD).

The nutritional metabolic risk index as a predictor of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality: A national cohort study.

Background: Recent studies show that malnutrition increases all-cause mortality by 1.11 times and cardiovascular mortality by 2.60 times.

Regulates Biofilm Dispersal in FZB42.

FZB42 is a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium (PGPR) and a model microorganism for biofilm studies. Biofilms are required for the colonization and promotion of plant growth in the rhizosphere. However, little is known about how the final stage of the biofilm life cycle is regulated, when cells regain their motility and escape the mature biofilm to spread and colonize new niches.

Biomimetic virus-like mesoporous silica nanoparticles improved cellular internalization for co-delivery of antigen and agonist to enhance Tumor immunotherapy.

Nanocarrier antigen-drug delivery system interacts specifically with immune cells and provides intelligent delivery modes to improve antigen delivery efficiency and facilitate immune progression. However, these nanoparticles often have weak adhesion to cells, followed by insufficient cell absorption, leading to a failed immune response. Inspired by the structure and function of viruses, virus-like mesoporous silica nanoparticles (VMSNs) were prepared by simulating the surface structure, centripetal-radialized spike structure and rough surface topology of the virus and co-acted with the toll-like receptor 7/8 agonist imiquimod (IMQ) and antigens oocyte albumin (OVA).

Molecular Characterization of Nitrogen-Containing Compounds in Humic-like Substances Emitted from Biomass Burning and Coal Combustion.

N-containing organic compounds (NOCs) in humic-like substances (HULIS) emitted from biomass burning (BB) and coal combustion (CC) were characterized by ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry in the positive electrospray ionization mode. Our results indicate that NOCs include CHON+ and CHN+ groups, which are detected as a substantial fraction in both BB- and CC-derived HULIS, and suggest that not only BB but also CC is the potential important source of NOCs in the atmosphere. The CHON+ compounds mainly consist of reduced nitrogen compounds with other oxygenated functional groups, and straw- and coal-smoke HULIS exhibit a lower degree of oxidation than pine-smoke HULIS.

Distribution and sources of DDT and its metabolites in porewater and sediment from a typical tropical bay in the South China Sea.

Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) is well known for its harmful effects and has been banned around the world. However, DDT is still frequently detected in natural environments, particularly in aquaculture and harbor sediments. In this study, 15 surface sediment samples were collected from a typical tropical bay (Zhanjiang Bay) in the South China Sea, and the levels of DDT and its metabolites in sediment and porewater samples were investigated.

Influence of lung aeration on diaphragmatic contractility during a spontaneous breathing trial: an ultrasound study.

Background: A spontaneous breathing trial (SBT) is a major diagnostic tool to predict successfully extubation in patients. Several factors may lead to weaning failure, including the degree of lung aeration loss and diaphragm dysfunction. The main objective was to compare the diaphragmatic contractility between patients with high lung aeration loss and low lung aeration loss during a 30-minute SBT by ultrasound.

Molecular Characterization of Water- and Methanol-Soluble Organic Compounds Emitted from Residential Coal Combustion Using Ultrahigh-Resolution Electrospray Ionization Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry.

Water-soluble organic compounds (WSOC) and methanol-soluble organic compounds (MSOC) in smoke particles emitted from residential coal combustion were characterized by ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry. The results showed that the molecular compositions of WSOC and MSOC are different. S-containing compounds (CHOS and CHONS) are found to be the dominant components (65-87%) of the WSOC, whereas CHO and CHON compounds make a great contribution (79-96%) to the MSOC samples.

Abundance and Light Absorption Properties of Brown Carbon Emitted from Residential Coal Combustion in China.

Brown carbon (BrC) fractions, including water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC), water-soluble humic-like substances (HULIS), alkaline soluble organic carbon (ASOC), and methanol soluble organic carbon (MSOC) were extracted from particles emitted from the residential combustion of coal with different geological maturities. The abundances and light absorption properties of these BrC fractions were comprehensively studied. The results showed that the abundances of the different constituents of the BrC fraction varied greatly with the extraction solvent, accounting for 4.

Molecular Characterization of Water-Soluble Humic like Substances in Smoke Particles Emitted from Combustion of Biomass Materials and Coal Using Ultrahigh-Resolution Electrospray Ionization Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry.

Water-soluble humic like substances (HULIS) in smoke particles emitted from combustion of biomass materials and coal were characterized by ultrahigh-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. The formulas identified were classified into four main groups: CHO, CHON, CHOS, and CHONS. The average H/C and O/C ratios are 1.

Effect of calf starter feeding on gut microbial diversity and expression of genes involved in host immune responses and tight junctions in dairy calves during weaning transition.

Calf starters are usually offered to dairy calves to facilitate the weaning process, however, the effect of solid feed consumption on gut health has not been well studied. This study aimed to investigate the effect of calf starter feeding on the gut bacterial community and mucosal immune functions in dairy calves during weaning transition. Mucosal tissue and digesta samples were collected from rumen, jejunum, ileum, cecum, and colon upon slaughtering of calves (n=8) after feeding the experimental diets [milk replacer (MR) or milk replacer + calf starter (MR+S)] for 6 wk.

Regional and age dependent changes in gene expression of Toll-like receptors and key antimicrobial defence molecules throughout the gastrointestinal tract of dairy calves.

The primary aim of this study was to determine regional and age-dependent expression patterns of Toll-like receptors (TLRs), peptidoglycan recognition protein 1 (PGLYRP1), and β-defensin in rumen, jejunum, ileum, cecum and colon of 3 week (n=8) and 6 month old (n=8) calves. The expression of most TLRs was significantly down-regulated throughout the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) with increasing age. TLR10 expression was significantly higher in ileum than all other gut regions, irrespective of age.

Distinct commensal bacteria associated with ingesta and mucosal epithelium in the gastrointestinal tracts of calves and chickens.

The primary aim of this study was to determine whether distinct gastrointestinal tract (GIT) microbial communities are established within ingesta and on mucosal surfaces of dairy calves and chickens to evaluate whether the principle of microbial segregation is of broad biological significance. Multivariate analysis of the predominant bacterial PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis profiles and estimated bacterial populations were compared in rumen, jejunum, ileum, cecum, and colon ingesta and matching mucosal tissues. Samples collected from 3-week old (n = 8) and 6-month old (n = 8) calves revealed that the predominant mucosa-associated bacteria were distinct from those inhabiting ingesta, and bacterial diversity varied significantly among the GIT regions.

Characterization of bovine ruminal epithelial bacterial communities using 16S rRNA sequencing, PCR-DGGE, and qRT-PCR analysis.

Currently, knowledge regarding the ecology and function of bacteria attached to the epithelial tissue of the rumen wall is limited. In this study, the diversity of the bacterial community attached to the rumen epithelial tissue was compared to the rumen content bacterial community using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, PCR-DGGE, and qRT-PCR analysis. Sequence analysis of 2785 randomly selected clones from six 16S rDNA (∼1.

Changes in bacterial diversity associated with epithelial tissue in the beef cow rumen during the transition to a high-grain diet.

Our understanding of the ruminal epithelial tissue-associated bacterial (defined as epimural bacteria in this study) community is limited. In this study, we aimed to determine whether diet influences the diversity of the epimural bacterial community in the bovine rumen. Twenty-four beef heifers were randomly assigned to either a rapid grain adaptation (RGA) treatment (n = 18) in which the heifers were allowed to adapt from a diet containing 97% hay to a diet containing 8% hay over 29 days or to the control group (n = 6), which was fed 97% hay.

Correlation of particular bacterial PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis patterns with bovine ruminal fermentation parameters and feed efficiency traits.

The influence of rumen microbial structure and functions on host physiology remains poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the interaction between the ruminal microflora and the host by correlating bacterial diversity with fermentation measurements and feed efficiency traits, including dry matter intake, feed conversion ratio, average daily gain, and residual feed intake, using culture-independent methods. Universal bacterial partial 16S rRNA gene products were amplified from ruminal fluid collected from 58 steers raised under a low-energy diet and were subjected to PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis.

Probiotic preparation VSL#3 induces remission in children with mild to moderate acute ulcerative colitis: a pilot study.

Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a form of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that has periods of exacerbated symptoms and periods that are symptom-free. The treatment of active UC with probiotic bacteria could possibly induce remission. We evaluated the clinical efficacy and safety profile of probiotic preparation VSL#3 in the treatment of mild to moderate acute UC in the pediatric population.

[Intergenus natural genetic transformation between Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis at different growth phase].

The culture fluids of Escheriachia coli with shuttle plasmid and Bacillus subtilis strains were mixed and coincubated for 40 minutes after culturing respectively in LB and minimal media. The steadily plasmid transfer by natural genetic transformation between these two gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria has been demonstrated by the methods of selective medium screening, DNase I sensitivity test and plasmid detection. In contrast to MM culture B.

Across genus plasmid transformation between Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli and the effect of Escherichia coli on the transforming ability of free plasmid DNA.

The results presented in this article show that direct plasmid transfer from Escherichia coli carrying shuttle plasmid to Bacillus subtilis occurred when close contact between the two species was established by mixing E. coli and B. subtilis onto selective agar plates.

A marine killer yeast against the pathogenic yeast strain in crab (Portunus trituberculatus) and an optimization of the toxin production.

A pathogenic yeast strain WCY which could cause milky disease in Portunus trituberculatus was identified to be Metschnikowia bicuspidate according to the results of routine yeast identification and 18S rDNA and ITS sequences. After screening of more than 300 yeast strains from different sources in marine environments, it was found that strain YF07b had the highest ability to produce killer toxin against the pathogenic yeast. Strain YF07b was identified to be Pichia anomala according to the results of routine yeast identification and 18S rDNA and ITS sequences.

The surface display of haemolysin from Vibrio harveyi on yeast cells and their potential applications as live vaccine in marine fish.

HL1 gene encoding haemolysin from Vibrio harveyi SF-1 was expressed in yeast cells and the expressed haemolysin was displayed on the cell surface. After induction for 36h in galactose-containing medium, one-third of the cells contained the displayed protein and the displayed cells had haemolytic activity on erythrocytes from flounder. The double diffusion agar analysis showed that the sera from the flounder immunized with the displayed yeast cells having the haemolytic activity could form precipitate with the purified haemolysin.