Kv channels improve the temporal processing of auditory neurons in the cochlear nucleus.

Kv channels generate A-type current known to regulate neuronal excitability. Its role in processing timing information is understudied, especially in the auditory system where temporal information is crucial for hearing. In the cochlear nucleus, principal bushy neurons are specialized for temporal processing with distinct biophysical properties owing to their expression of various voltage-gated ion channels.

The copper transporter, SLC31A1, transcriptionally activated by ELF3, imbalances copper homeostasis to exacerbate cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury through mitochondrial dysfunction.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication of cisplatin chemotherapy, which greatly limits its clinical effect and application. This study explored the function of solute Carrier Family 31 Member 1 (SLC31A1) in cisplatin-induced AKI and its possible mechanism. Mice and HK-2 cells were exposed to cisplatin to establish the in vivo and in vitro AKI models.

Mechanisms of age-related hearing loss at the auditory nerve central synapses and postsynaptic neurons in the cochlear nucleus.

Sound information is transduced from mechanical vibration to electrical signals in the cochlea, conveyed to and further processed in the brain to form auditory perception. During the process, spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) are the key cells that connect the peripheral and central auditory systems by receiving information from hair cells in the cochlea and transmitting it to neurons of the cochlear nucleus (CN). Decades of research in the cochlea greatly improved our understanding of SGN function under normal and pathological conditions, especially about the roles of different subtypes of SGNs and their peripheral synapses.

Apical-basal distribution of different subtypes of spiral ganglion neurons in the cochlea and the changes during aging.

Sound information is transmitted from the cochlea to the brain mainly by type I spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs), which consist of different subtypes with distinct physiological properties and selective expression of molecular markers. It remains unclear how these SGN subtypes distribute along the tonotopic axis, and whether the distribution pattern changes during aging that might underlie age-related hearing loss (ARHL). We investigated these questions using immunohistochemistry in three age groups of CBA/CaJ mice of either sex, including 2-5 months (young), 17-19 months (middle-age), and 28-32 months (old).

Effects of dural puncture epidural technique with different drug delivery methods for labor analgesia: A randomized controlled clinical trial.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of dural puncture epidural (DPE) combined with small-dose lidocaine for labor analgesia. Parturients were randomly divided into epidural anesthesia (EA), DPE1, and DPE2 groups. In the EA group, 5 mL of 1% lidocaine was administered via conventional L2-L3 puncture catheterization; in the DPE1 group, epidural drug was administered after catheterization using the DPE technique; in the DPE2 group, epidural puncture drug was administered through the epidural puncture needle before catheterization using the DPE technique.

Self-template synthesis of mesoporous and biodegradable FeO nanospheres as multifunctional nanoplatform for cancer therapy.

Superparamagnetic FeO nanospheres have demonstrated great potential as important components in nanomedicine for cancer imaging and therapy. One of the major obstacles that impedes their application is the slow degradation of ingested FeO nanospheres, which potentially causes long-term health risks. To tackle this issue, we proposed to fabricate FeO nanospheres with mesoporous structure via a simple self-template etching method.

YB-1 Expression Is Associated with Lymph Node Metastasis and Drug Resistance to Adriamycin in Breast Cancer.

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignant tumor among females. Although there are multiple treatments for breast cancer, many patients still face the dilemma of drug resistance after multiline treatment. It would be greatly helpful for clinical work to identify additional and improved prognostic predictors.

Dendritic Degeneration and Altered Synaptic Innervation of a Central Auditory Neuron During Age-related Hearing Loss.

Cellular morphology and synaptic configuration are key determinants of neuronal function and are often modified under pathological conditions. In the first nucleus of the central auditory system, the cochlear nucleus (CN), principal bushy neurons specialize in processing temporal information of sound critical for hearing. These neurons alter their physiological properties during aging that contribute to age-related hearing loss (ARHL).

Hepatic artery intervention combined with immune-targeted therapy is superior to sequential therapy in BCLC-C hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Hepatic artery intervention combined with immunotarget therapy exerts excellent disease control and prolongs survival. However, the arrangement of hepatic artery intervention and systemic therapy confuses clinical decisions.

Methods: A two-center, retrospective clinical study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee.

Resveratrol inhibits TGF-β1-induced EMT in gastric cancer cells through Hippo-YAP signaling pathway.

Objective: To investigate the effects of resveratrol (RSVL) on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and biological behaviors of gastric cancer cells.

Methods: SGC-7901 cells were treated with RSVL, followed by TGF-β1 treatment for induction of EMT. Cell proliferation was tested by MTT assay, migration and invasion by Transwell and scratch assays, and Hippo-YAP signaling pathway activation by immunofluorescence.

Calretinin-Expressing Synapses Show Improved Synaptic Efficacy with Reduced Asynchronous Release during High-Rate Activity.

Calretinin (CR) is a major calcium binding protein widely expressed in the CNS. However, its synaptic function remains largely elusive. At the auditory synapse of the endbulb of Held, CR is selectively expressed in different subtypes.

Lipin1 Alleviates Autophagy Disorder in Sciatic Nerve and Improves Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy.

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a chronic complication of diabetes, and its neural mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis remain unclear. Autophagy plays an important role in neurodegenerative diseases and nerve tissue injury. Lipin1 is a phosphatidic acid phosphatase enzyme that converts phosphatidic acid (PA) into diacylglycerol (DAG), a precursor of triacylglycerol and phospholipids which plays an important role in maintaining normal peripheral nerve conduction function.

Biased auditory nerve central synaptopathy is associated with age-related hearing loss.

Key Points: Sound information is transmitted by different subtypes of spiral ganglion neurons (SGN) from the ear to the brain. Selective damage of SGN peripheral synapses (cochlear synaptopathy) is widely recognized as one of the primary mechanisms of hearing loss, whereas the mechanisms at the SGN central synapses remain unclear. We report that different subtypes of SGN central synapses converge at different ratios onto individual target cochlear nucleus neurons with distinct physiological properties, and show biased morphological and physiological changes during age-related hearing loss (ARHL).

A neuronal wiring platform through microridges for rationally engineered neural circuits.

Precisely engineered neuronal circuits are promising for both fundamental research and clinical applications. However, randomly plating thousands of cells during neural network fabrication remains a major technical obstacle, which often results in a loss of tracking in neurons' identities. In this work, we demonstrated an accurate and unique neural wiring technique, mimicking neurons' natural affinity to microfibers.

Lipin1 Is Involved in the Pathogenesis of Diabetic Encephalopathy through the PKD/Limk/Cofilin Signaling Pathway.

Diabetic encephalopathy is a type of central diabetic neuropathy resulting from diabetes mainly manifested as cognitive impairments. However, its underlying pathogenesis and effective treatment strategies remain unclear. In the present study, we investigated the effect of Lipin1, a phosphatidic acid phosphatase enzyme, on the pathogenesis of diabetic encephalopathy.

Diagnostic utility of corneal confocal microscopy in type 2 diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

Aims/introduction: The early pathological changes of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) are mainly small nerve fiber injuries. Corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) is an easy, rapid, non-invasive and repeatable technique to detect the damage of small nerve fibers. The purpose of this study was to explore the application of CCM in DPN and other chronic complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Enhanced expression of lncRNA ZXF1 promotes cisplatin resistance in lung cancer cell via MAPK axis.

Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) ZXF1 has recently been associated with the poor prognosis of lung cancer by promoting metastasis. However, little is known regarding the role of ZXF1 in lung cancer treatment and the underlying mechanism. Here, using lung cancer tissue and chemoresistant lung cancer cells, we investigated the interaction of ZXF1 with the efficacy of cisplatin, the first-line chemotherapy for lung cancer.

Neuroprotective Effects of Fluoxetine Against Chronic Stress-Induced Neural Inflammation and Apoptosis: Involvement of the p38 Activity.

Depression is considered a widespread neuropsychiatric disease associated with neuronal injury within specific brain regions. Fluoxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, has been widely used in depressed patients. Recently, fluoxetine has demonstrated neuroprotective effects apart from the effect on serotonin.

D-Stellate Neurons of the Ventral Cochlear Nucleus Decrease in Auditory Nerve-Evoked Activity during Age-Related Hearing Loss.

Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is associated with weakened inhibition in the central auditory nervous system including the cochlear nucleus. One of the main inhibitory neurons of the cochlear nucleus is the D-stellate neuron, which provides extensive glycinergic inhibition within the local neural network. It remains unclear how physiological activities of D-stellate neurons change during ARHL and what are the underlying mechanisms.

Serum lipid and lipoprotein levels of middle-aged and elderly Chinese men and women in Shandong Province.

Background: Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases have become leading causes of death in China as the economy develop and lifestyles change. This study aimed to estimate the relationship of the age, gender, and glucose metabolism with the serum lipid and lipoprotein levels of middle-aged and elderly Chinese men and women in Shandong Province.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in Shandong Province that included 10,028 adults aged ≥40 years.

Long Non-Coding RNA Brain Cytoplasmic RNA 1 Acts as an Oncogene and Regulates Cell Proliferation and Metastasis in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) can serve as oncogenes and tumor suppressors and are involved in tumorigenesis and chemotherapy resistance. Brain cytoplasmic RNA 1 (BCYRN1), as a translational modulator, is an lncRNA comprised of 200 bases that plays an important role in multiple cancers. In this study, we explored the biological role of the lncRNA, BCYRN1, in the development of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Feature-based attention elicited by precueing in an orientation discrimination task.

Specific visual features can be attended to and processed with a higher priority by our brain, termed feature-based attention (FBA). Two potential mechanisms for FBA have been suggested: goal-driven attentional mediating and stimulus-driven feature priming. Some researchers argued that several reported top-down FBA effects might also involve the influence of feature priming.

Decreased cerebral blood flow in the primary motor cortex in major depressive disorder with psychomotor retardation.

Psychomotor retardation (PMR) is one of the core symptoms of major depressive disorder (MDD) and has a specific pathophysiology, but studies of PMR remains sparse. The purpose of this study was to explore the cerebral blood flow (CBF) of PMR in MDD. One-hundred-seven antidepressant-free MDD patients and 48 normal controls (NCs) were recruited for this study.

The time course of attention modulation elicited by spatial uncertainty.

Uncertainty regarding the target location is an influential factor for spatial attention. Modulation in spatial uncertainty can lead to adjustments in attention scope and variations in attention effects. Hence, investigating spatial uncertainty modulation is important for understanding the underlying mechanism of spatial attention.

[Effects and mechanisms of Xiao-Ai-Ping injection on angiogenesis].

This study was designed to investigate the effect of Xiao-Ai-Ping injection on cancer angiogenesis. CCK8 assay and Brd U incorporation immunofluorescence assay were used to detect the effect of Xiao-Ai-Ping injection on HUVECs proliferation; wound healing assay and transwell assay were employed to test the effect of Xiao-Ai-Ping injection on HUVECs migration. The anti-angiogenic effect of Xiao-Ai-Ping injection was examined by tube formation assay, rat aortic ring assay and chicken chorioallantoic membrane(CAM) assay.