Minor residual fragments after extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy: spontaneous clearance or risk factor for recurrent stone formation?

The aim of this study was to follow the fate of residual stone fragments (RF) < 5 mm after extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (SWL) over a sufficiently long period to determine how many are spontaneously cleared and after what time interval. A further aim was to clarify their role in clinical outcome and stone recurrence and regrowth. The clinical and radiologic data of 266 patients were analyzed.

[Vaccination in elderly patients in rehabilitation: a missed opportunity?].

Background: Immunization against influenza is recommended for elderly persons in Switzerland, but no national guidelines are currently available regarding immunization of the elderly against pneumococcus and tetanus. In addition, almost no data are available regarding immunization rates of the elderly in the general population. In this study we explored the immunization status for influenza, tetanus and pneumococcus of a selected elderly population admitted to a Swiss rehabilitation facility.