Publications by authors named "Meidong Xu"

Background: Oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a highly lethal cancer characterized by its aggressive nature and chemotherapy resistance. Peptidylarginine deiminase 4 (PADI4) regulates protein citrullination and is associated with various cancer developments. The role of PADI4 in OSCC progression and chemoresistance remains unexplored.

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Alcohol consumption is intricately linked to the incidence of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). This study comprehensively investigates the role of alcohol-induced microbial alterations in ESCC progression. A retrospective analysis of 328 patients demonstrated that alcohol consumption markedly increases the risk of ESCC and boosts the expression of the proliferation marker Ki67.

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Background: Duodenal neuroendocrine tumors (D-NETs) are rare but clinically significant tumors that can occur in various parts of the duodenum, including the duodenal papilla. Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has emerged as a minimally invasive treatment option for D-NETs, offering potential advantages in terms of tumor removal and postoperative recovery. We aimed to retrospectively analyze the clinical characteristics and prognosis of ESD for D-NETs.

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Background: Detecting and demarcating early gastric cancers (EGC) after eradication therapy of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a challenging task due to the fact that the lesion's surface is covered with gastritis-like tissue (non-neoplastic epithelium covering the cancerous tissue). However, our study aimed to investigate the endoscopic alterations of EGC within 3 months after eradication, which has not been reported clearly yet.

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Background And Aim: This work aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of free-hand endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFTR) for duodenal subepithelial lesions (SELs).

Methods: We performed a retrospective review of 105 patients with duodenal SELs who underwent free-hand EFTR. Free-hand EFTR means no other devices (over-the-scope clip or full-thickness resection device) are required.

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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common gastrointestinal malignancy, and 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is the principal chemotherapeutic drug used for its treatment. However, 5-FU resistance remains a significant challenge. Under stress conditions, tumor metabolic reprogramming influences 5-FU resistance.

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Article Synopsis
  • This study examines how the transcription factor FOXM1 contributes to the initiation and progression of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), finding that it is highly expressed and linked to disease prognosis.
  • Researchers show that FOXM1 activates asparagine synthetase (ASNS), which affects tumor characteristics and contributes to the migration and growth of ESCC cells.
  • The findings suggest FOXM1 and ASNS play significant roles in ESCC development and may influence chemotherapy resistance due to their impact on cancer stemness.
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Background: Esophageal gastrointestinal stromal tumors (E-GISTs) are highly uncommon and have not been thoroughly examined.

Objectives: The objective of this multi-center study was to assess the viability of endoscopic resection (ER) in the treatment of E-GISTs and to explore its clinical implications.

Design: This was a multi-center retrospective study.

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Background: Macrophages exhibit different phenotypes in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and promote inflammation or tissue repair depending on their polarization state. Alcohol is a widely used solvent in pharmaceutical formulations, and its consumption is associated with an increased risk of colitis; however, its effects on macrophages in IBD remain poorly understood.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effect of alcohol on macrophages in dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis and understand the underlying mechanisms.

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Article Synopsis
  • Capsule endoscopy (CE) is a non-invasive method for examining the gastrointestinal tract but poses challenges in image review, leading to potential missed diagnoses.
  • Current research has primarily focused on narrow classifiers for fewer abnormality types, making it hard to create a unified detection system for various gastrointestinal diseases.
  • The proposed Cascade-EC model enhances image classification and localization of lesions (like angiectasis, bleeding, erosion, and polyps) using a two-layer approach that combines EfficientNet for classification and CA_stm_Retinanet for detecting lesions, achieving impressive accuracy rates.
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  • The study aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of magnetically guided capsule endoscopy with a detachable string (ds-MCE) for identifying and evaluating oesophagogastric varices in adults with cirrhosis.
  • Conducted across 14 medical centers in China, the study involved 607 participants who underwent both ds-MCE and oesophagogastroduodenoscopy (OGD) to compare accuracy.
  • The results showed that ds-MCE had high sensitivity (97.5%) and specificity (97.8%) for detecting oesophagogastric varices, and it effectively identified high-risk variants with diagnostic accuracy rates exceeding 96%. *
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Purpose: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is an aggressive disease with a poor prognosis, caused by the inactivation of critical cell growth regulators that lead to uncontrolled proliferation and increased malignancy. Although Serine/Threonine Kinase 3 (STK3), also known as Mammalian STE20-like protein kinase 2 (MST2), is a highly conserved kinase of the Hippo pathway, plays a critical role in immunomodulation, organ development, cellular differentiation, and cancer suppression, its phenotype and function in ESCC require further investigation. In this study, we report for the first time on the role of STK3 kinase and its activation condition in ESCC, as well as the mechanism and mediators of kinase activation.

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Substantial evidence attests to the pivotal role of cancer stem cells (CSC) in both tumorigenesis and drug resistance. A member of the forkhead box (FOX) family, FOXC1, assumes significance in embryonic development and organogenesis. Furthermore, FOXC1 functions as an overexpressed transcription factor in various tumors, fostering proliferation, enhancing migratory capabilities, and promoting drug resistance, while maintaining stem-cell-like properties.

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Transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8) is a cold sensory receptor in primary sensory neurons that regulates various neuronal functions. Substance P (SP) is a pro-inflammatory neuropeptide secreted by the neurons, and it aggravates colitis. However, the regulatory role of TRPM8 in SP release is still unclear.

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Article Synopsis
  • Proline synthesis plays a crucial role in tumor growth under low oxygen conditions (hypoxia), but the exact mechanisms are still being studied.
  • PYCR1, an enzyme with a consistent presence in the nucleus, is phosphorylated by IGF1R at a specific site (Tyrosine 135) during hypoxia, which enables it to bind to the transcription factor ELK4 and influence target genes.
  • This phosphorylation of PYCR1 supports tumor growth under hypoxia and correlates with the severity of colorectal cancer, demonstrating its important role in regulating gene transcription and contributing to cancer development.
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Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the deadliest cancers because of its robust aggressive phenotype and chemoresistance. TAO kinase belongs to mitogen-activated protein kinases, which mediate drug resistance in multiple cancers. However, the role of TAO kinase in ESCC progression and chemoresistance has never been explored.

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