The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Young Adults' Mental Health in Switzerland: A Longitudinal Cohort Study from 2018 to 2021.

Most of the studies that examine the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health have been restricted to pandemic mental health data alone. The aim of the current study was to estimate the pandemic's effect on young Swiss adults' mental health by comparing pandemic to pre-pandemic mental health. Longitudinal data of 1175 young Swiss adults who participated in the S-YESMH study in 2018 and were followed-up in 2020 and 2021 were analyzed.

The Effectiveness of Mental Health First Aid Training among Undergraduate Students in Switzerland: A Randomized Control Trial.

Half to three-fourths of mental disorders appear during adolescence or young adulthood, and the treatment gap is mainly due to lack of knowledge, lack of perceived need, and the stigmatization of mental illness. The aims of this study were to implement and evaluate a Mental Health First Aid (MHFA) training program among undergraduates. Participants were second-year students from two universities in the French-speaking region of Switzerland ( = 107), who were randomly assigned to an intervention group ( = 53) or control group ( = 54).

Perceived stress, coping strategies, and mental health status among adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic in Switzerland: a longitudinal study.

This longitudinal, prospective study investigated associations between perceived COVID-19-related stress, coping strategies, and mental health status among adolescents during the first lockdown of the COVID-19 pandemic and one year after the lockdown in Switzerland within a large, national sample. A self-report on-line survey was completed by 553 adolescents (age-range 12-18 years in 2021) in the summers of 2020 and 2021, assessing symptoms of various mental health problems, perceived COVID-19-related stressors, and coping strategies. Overall, participants reported less COVID-19 related stress one year after the lockdown, though mental health status remained stable.

Young Swiss men's risky single-occasion drinking: Identifying those who do not respond to stricter alcohol policy environments.

Background: Previous research has demonstrated a preventive effect of the alcohol policy environment on alcohol consumption. However, little is known about the heterogeneity of this effect. Our aim was to examine the extent of heterogeneity in the relationship between the strictness of alcohol policy environments and heavy drinking and to identify potential moderators of the relationship.

Routes of Administration of Illicit Drugs among Young Swiss Men: Their Prevalence and Associated Socio-Demographic Characteristics and Adverse Outcomes.

The prevalence of different routes of administration (ROAs) of illicit drugs other than cannabis was examined in young Swiss men, in addition to the association between socio-demographics and adverse outcomes and particular ROAs. Our sample consisted of 754 men (mean age = 25.4 ± 1.

Parental Monitoring, Individual Dispositions, and Alcohol Use Disorder: A Longitudinal Study with Young Swiss Men.

This paper evaluates the interaction between level of parental monitoring in adolescence and individual dispositions present in early adulthood in the prediction of alcohol use disorder (AUD) in the mid-20s. Data were drawn from the Cohort Study on Substance Use Risk Factors (C-SURF), encompassing 4844 young Swiss men who were surveyed three times within a 5-year period. The outcome variable was alcohol use disorder (AUD) as defined in the DSM-5.

Stress and Mental Health among Children/Adolescents, Their Parents, and Young Adults during the First COVID-19 Lockdown in Switzerland.

The present study aimed to assess various stressful situations and the psychological impact of the first COVID-19 pandemic lockdown among youths in Switzerland. We included samples of 1627 young adults aged 19-24 from the Swiss Youth Epidemiological Study on Mental Health and 1146 children and adolescents aged 12-17 years and their parents. We assessed symptoms of various mental health problems, internet use, and perceived stress during the first COVID-19 lockdown.

Comparison of Water Pipes vs Other Modes of Cannabis Consumption and Subsequent Illicit Drug Use in a Longitudinal Cohort of Young Swiss Men.

Importance: There are concerns that the use of water pipes to consume cannabis is associated with increased risks of engaging in more addictive behaviors.

Objective: To examine whether consuming cannabis with a water pipe was associated with later consumption of other illicit drugs compared with not using a water pipe.

Design, Setting, And Participants: The Cohort Study on Substance Use Risk Factors (C-SURF) was a population-based study, recruiting 5987 Swiss men aged 18 to 25 years from 3 of 6 Swiss Armed Forces recruitment centers (response rate: 79.

The proportion of non-depressed subjects in a study sample strongly affects the results of psychometric analyses of depression symptoms.

Background: Recent studies have uncovered a peculiar finding: that the strength and dimensionality of depression symptoms' inter-relationships vary systematically across study samples with different average levels of depression severity. Our aim was to examine whether this phenomenon is driven by the proportion of non-affected subjects in the sample.

Methods: Cross-sectional data from the "Cohort Study on Substance Use Risk Factors" was analyzed.

Social cohesion, depression, and substance use severity among young men: Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses from a Swiss cohort.

Introduction: Social cohesion, depression, and problematic substance use are intertwined and poorly understood.This study aimed to examine cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between social cohesion, depression and problematic substance use amongyoung men, age 21-25.

Methods: We used 2nd wave (t, 2012-2014, N = 6020) and 3rd wave (t, 2016-2018) data from the on-going Swiss CohortStudy on Substance Use Risk Factors (C-SURF), assessing social cohesion, depression, and severity of alcohol, nicotine and cannabis use during both waves.

Screened Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder as a Predictor of Substance Use Initiation and Escalation in Early Adulthood and the Role of Self-Reported Conduct Disorder and Sensation Seeking: A 5-Year Longitudinal Study with Young Adult Swiss Men.

Background: Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), conduct disorder (CD), and sensation seeking (SS) have been consistently related to a higher risk of substance use (SU) and substance use disorder (SUD).

Objectives: To investigate the relationship between ADHD and prevalence rates in males at age 20 and age 25, the initiation of SU and SUD after age 20, and the escalation of SU from age 20 to age 25, and to explore the role of CD and SS in the relation of ADHD with SU and SUD initiation and escalation.

Method: Data were obtained as part of the Cohort Study on Substance Use Risk Factors (C-SURF), which focused on young Swiss men aged 20 years at baseline and 25 years at follow-up.

Estimating patient-specific treatment advantages in the 'Treatment for Adolescents with Depression Study'.

The 'Treatment for Adolescents with Depression Study' (TADS, ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT00006286) was a cornerstone, randomized controlled trial evaluating the effectiveness of standard treatment options for major depression in adolescents. Whereas previous TADS analyses examined primarily effect modifications of treatment-placebo differences by various patient characteristics, less is known about the modification of inter-treatment differences, and hence, patient characteristics that might guide treatment selection.

Light and heavy drinking in jurisdictions with different alcohol policy environments.

Background: A basic, yet untested tenet underlying alcohol control policies is that they should affect both light and heavy drinking, thereby shifting the entire population in a favourable direction. The aim of this study was to test this assumption in young Swiss men.

Methods: Cross-sectional self-reported data - from 5755 young Swiss men participating in the Cohort Study on Substance Use Risk Factors (C-SURF), a large cohort study on young men living within 21 jurisdictions across Switzerland - were analysed via nested logistic regression.

Adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, risky substance use and substance use disorders: a follow-up study among young men.

We investigated whether adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) predicts risky substance use and substance use disorders (SUDs), and its impact on the course of these problematic substance use patterns. Our sample included 4975 Swiss men (mean age 20 ± 1.2 years) who participated in the baseline and 15-month follow-up assessments of the Cohort Study on Substance Use Risk Factors.

Treating a broader range of depressed adolescents with combined therapy.

Background: Traditional statistical analyses of clinical trials encompass the central tendency of outcomes and, hence, are restricted to a treatment's average effectiveness. Our aim was to get a more complete picture of the effectiveness of standard treatment options for adolescent depression, by analyzing treatment effects across low, middle, and high levels of response.

Methods: Secondary data analysis was performed of the Treatment for Adolescents with Depression Study (TADS, ClinicalTrials.

Snus and Snuff Use in Switzerland Among Young Men: Are There Beneficial Effects on Smoking?

Introduction: There are few recent longitudinal studies on smokeless tobacco (SLT) products and smoking outside the United States or European Nordic countries. The present longitudinal study tests whether Swedish-type snus and nasal snuff use decreases smoking incidence and prevalence in a central European country.

Methods: The sample consisted of 5198 Swiss men (around 20 years of age).

Substance Use in Young Swiss Men: The Interplay of Perceived Social Support and Dispositional Characteristics.

Background: Social environment plays a central role in substance use behaviors. However, it is not clear whether its role varies as a function of individual dispositional characteristics.

Objectives: To investigate the interaction between dispositional characteristics (i.

Physical Activity, Sensation Seeking, and Aggression as Injury Risk Factors in Young Swiss Men: A Population-Based Cohort Study.

Background: This study investigates the relationships between physical activity (PA), sports participation and sensation seeking or aggression and injury risk in young men.

Methods: A representative cohort study was conducted with 4686 conscripts for the Swiss army. Risk factors assessed at baseline were PA, the frequency of sports participation, sensation seeking, and aggression.

Risky substance use and peer pressure in Swiss young men: Test of moderation effects.

Background: Peer pressure (PP) toward misconduct is a well-known risk factor for substance use. However, the way it interacts with social factors and the associations of the aspects of PP other than PP toward misconduct have been understudied. This study examined the associations of three aspects of PP with risky substance use and tested whether the associations of PP toward misconduct were moderated by social factors.

Factor structure and psychometric properties of a French and German shortened version of the Behavioural Inhibition System/Behavioural Activation System scales.

The Behavioural Inhibition System/Behavioural Activation System scales (BIS/BAS scales) constitute one of the most prominent questionnaires to assess individual differences in sensitivity to punishment and reward. However, some studies questioned its validity, especially that of the French and German translations. The aim of the present study was to re-evaluate the psychometric characteristics of the BIS/BAS scales in a large sample of French- and German-speaking young Swiss men (N = 5872).