Ultra-fast [F]florbetapir PET imaging using the uMI Panorama PET/CT system.

Background: There is a need for faster amyloid PET scans to reduce patients' discomfort, minimize movement artifacts, and increase throughput. The recently introduced uMI Panorama PET/CT system featuring enhanced spatial resolution and sub-200ps TOF offers the potential for shorter scan duration without sacrificing image quality or efficacy to detect Aβ deposition. The study aims to establish a faster acquisition protocol for [F]florbetapir PET imaging using digital PET/CT scanner uMI Panorama, while ensuring adequate image quality and amyloid-β (Aβ) detectability comparable to the standard 10-minute scan.

Evaluation of a novel PET tracer [F]-Florbetazine for Alzheimer's disease diagnosis and β-amyloid deposition quantification.

Unlabelled: [F]-Florbetazine ([F]-92) is a selective PET tracer for β-amyloid (Aβ) depositions with a novel diaryl-azine scaffold to reduce lipophilicity and to achieve higher gray-to-white matter contrast. We aimed to assess its diagnostic value in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and pharmacokinetics characteristics in human subjects.

Methods: Six healthy controls (HCs) and nine AD patients underwent dynamic PET examination with [F]-Florbetazine and a structural MRI scan.

Simultaneous multimodal three-photon and optical coherence microscopy of the mouse brain in the 1700 nm optical window .

Multimodal microscopy combining various imaging approaches can provide complementary information about tissue in a single imaging session. Here, we demonstrate a multimodal approach combining three-photon microscopy (3PM) and spectral-domain optical coherence microscopy (SD-OCM). We show that an optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification (OPCPA) laser source, which is the standard source for three-photon fluorescence excitation and third harmonic generation (THG), can be used for simultaneous OCM, 3-photon (3P) fluorescence and THG imaging.

Comparison of Baseline Ga-FAPI and F-FDG PET/CT for Prediction of Response and Clinical Outcome in Patients with Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated with PD-1 Inhibitor and Lenvatinib.

Fibroblast activation protein contributes to immunosuppression and resistance to immunotherapies. This study aimed to compare baseline Ga-labeled fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (Ga-FAPI) PET/CT and F-FDG PET/CT in response and survival prediction in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC) patients treated with the combination of programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) inhibitor and lenvatinib. In this prospective cohort study, 22 patients with uHCC who underwent baseline F-FDG and Ga-FAPI PET/CT and soon began taking a combination of PD-1 inhibitor and lenvatinib were recruited.

Metabolic Tumor Volume Measured by F-FDG PET/CT is Associated with the Survival of Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated with PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors Plus Molecular Targeted Agents.

Purpose: The combination of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors and molecular targeted agents showed promising efficacy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC). This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of metabolic parameters from F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography (F-FDG PET/CT) in patients with uHCC underwent the combined therapies.

Patients And Methods: Patients with uHCC treated with a combination of immunotherapy and targeted therapy who underwent baseline F-FDG PET/CT between July 2018 and December 2021 were recruited retrospectively.

Generalized Muscular Hypermetabolism Caused by Mitochondrial Myopathy Shown on 18 F-FDG PET/CT.

An 18-year-old man presented with progressive exercise intolerance and muscle weakness for 1 year with recent acute exacerbation. Laboratory test demonstrated lactic acidosis. 18 F-FDG PET/CT was performed to exclude malignancy and showed generalized muscular hypermetabolism.

Different Uptake of Ga-FAPI and F-FDG in Lymphadenopathy Caused by Angioimmunoblastic T-Cell Lymphoma in a Patient with Colon Cancer.

An 82-year-old man with a history of colon cancer was found with multiple lymphadenopathies and a pulmonary mass. Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (F-FDG PET/CT) detected generalized hypermetabolic lymph nodes and an FDG-avid pulmonary mass. PET/CT with Ga-labeled fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) revealed intense uptake in the lung mass, consistent with metastatic disease from colon cancer.

Enhanced brassinosteroid signaling via the overexpression of SlBRI1 positively regulates the chilling stress tolerance of tomato.

Brassinosteroids (BRs) regulate plant development and response to stress. BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE 1 (BRI1) is a BR receptor that activates BR signaling. Although the function of the tomato BR receptor SlBRI1 in regulating growth and drought resistance has been examined, that of SlBRI1 in cold tolerance is unclear.

Secoisolariciresinol Diglucoside Improves Ovarian Reserve in Aging Mouse by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress.

Ovarian reserve is a key factor in the reproductive function of the ovaries. Ovarian aging is characterized by a gradual decline in the quantity and quality of follicles. The underlying mechanism of ovarian aging is complex and age-related oxidative stress is considered one of the most likely factors.

Complementary Utility of Dopamine Transporter and Tau PET Imaging in the Diagnosis of Progressive Supranuclear Palsy: A Case Report.

A 50-year-old woman developed gait disturbances, tendency to fall backwards, bradykinesia, and memory loss over the previous 6 months. Brain 18F-FDG PET/CT was unable to distinguish among APSs (atypical parkinsonian syndromes); PET investigations of dopamine transporter (DAT) function (11C-CFT) and tau pathology (18F-APN-1607) were performed. 11C-CFT PET revealed severe loss of striatal DAT function, whereas significant tau accumulation was observed in the brainstem, basal ganglia, and globus pallidus on 18F-APN-1607 PET.

Investigation of multiple scattering in space and spatial-frequency domains: with application to the analysis of aberration-diverse optical coherence tomography.

Optical microscopy suffers from multiple scattering (MS), which limits the optical imaging depth into scattering media. We previously demonstrated aberration-diverse optical coherence tomography (AD-OCT) for MS suppression, based on the principle that for datasets acquired with different aberration states of the imaging beam, MS backgrounds become decorrelated while single scattering (SS) signals remain correlated, so that a simple coherent average can be used to enhance the SS signal over the MS background. Here, we propose a space/spatial-frequency domain analysis framework for the investigation of MS in OCT, and apply the framework to compare AD-OCT (using astigmatic beams) to standard Gaussian-beam OCT via experiments in scattering tissue phantoms.

Feasibility of In Vivo Imaging of Fibroblast Activation Protein in Human Arterial Walls.

Increased expression of fibroblast-activating protein (FAP) in fibrous caps may contribute to progression of atherosclerotic plaques. Forty-one patients who underwent Ga-conjugated quinoline-based FAP inhibitor (Ga-FAPI-04) PET/CT for noncardiovascular indications were retrospectively analyzed. Correlations were assessed between the uptake of Ga-FAPI-04 in large arterial walls (SUV and target-to-background ratio, TBR) and degree of calcification and cardiovascular risk factors.

Closed-loop wavefront sensing and correction in the mouse brain with computed optical coherence microscopy.

Optical coherence microscopy (OCM) uses interferometric detection to capture the complex optical field with high sensitivity, which enables computational wavefront retrieval using back-scattered light from the sample. Compared to a conventional wavefront sensor, aberration sensing with OCM via computational adaptive optics (CAO) leverages coherence and confocal gating to obtain signals from the focus with less cross-talk from other depths or transverse locations within the field-of-view. Here, we present an investigation of the performance of CAO-based aberration sensing in simulation, bead phantoms, and mouse brain tissue.

Ectopic Parathyroid Adenoma on Pectoralis Major After Endoscopic Parathyroidectomy Revealed by 99mTc-MIBI SPECT/CT.

A 45-year-old woman, who had endoscopic parathyroidectomy 5 years ago for a right inferior parathyroid adenoma, underwent 99mTc-MIBI scan for the evaluation of recurrent parathyroidism. The images did not identify any abnormal uptake in the neck. Instead, an abnormal activity in the right upper chest wall was noted, which was located in a soft tissue nodule inseparable from the right pectoralis major muscle on SPECT/CT images.

Hypertrophic spinal pachymeningitis caused by ANCA-associated vasculitis revealed by 18F-FDG PET/CT: A case report.

Rationale: Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) can involve the central nervous system in estimatedly 15% of patients. Hypertrophic pachymeningitis causes inflammatory hypertrophy of the cranial or spinal dura mater and patients present with various neurological deficits. ANCA-associated hypertrophic spinal pachymeningitis has rarely been reported in literature.

Performance of PET imaging for the localization of epileptogenic zone in patients with epilepsy: a meta-analysis.

Objectives: The aim of this meta-analysis was to estimate the clinical use value of C-FMZ and F-FDG in PET for the localization of epileptogenic zone and to provide evidence for practitioners' clinical decision-making.

Methods: We searched PubMed and Embase in a time frame from inception to May 31, 2020. Studies utilizing FMZ or FDG-PET or FDG-PET/MRI used in patients with epilepsy, with EEG or surgical outcomes as the gold standard and corresponding outcomes such as concordance rates of PET or PET/MRI scan compared with reference standard, absolute numbers of participants with true-positive (TP), false-positive (FP), true-negative (TN), and false-negative (FN) results in FDG or FMZ PET.

IMPMD: An Integrated Method for Predicting Potential Associations Between miRNAs and Diseases.

Background: With the rapid development of biological research, microRNAs (miRNAs) have increasingly attracted worldwide attention. The increasing biological studies and scientific experiments have proven that miRNAs are related to the occurrence and development of a large number of key biological processes which cause complex human diseases. Thus, identifying the association between miRNAs and disease is helpful to diagnose the diseases.

LipoSVM: Prediction of Lysine Lipoylation in Proteins based on the Support Vector Machine.

Background: Lysine lipoylation which is a rare and highly conserved post-translational modification of proteins has been considered as one of the most important processes in the biological field. To obtain a comprehensive understanding of regulatory mechanism of lysine lipoylation, the key is to identify lysine lipoylated sites. The experimental methods are expensive and laborious.

Extensive Intraspinal Hypermetabolism Caused by Neurobrucellosis Shown on 18F-FDG PET/CT.

A 55-year-old man and a 52-year-old man presenting with neurological symptoms were referred for F-FDG PET/CT for the underlying malignancy. In both cases, extensive intraspinal hypermetabolism was observed in F-FDG PET/CT. The cerebrospinal fluid culture finally confirmed infection of Brucella.

Computed optical coherence microscopy of mouse brain ex vivo.

The compromise between lateral resolution and usable imaging depth range is a bottleneck for optical coherence tomography (OCT). Existing solutions for optical coherence microscopy (OCM) suffer from either large data size and long acquisition time or a nonideal point spread function. We present volumetric OCM of mouse brain with a large depth coverage by leveraging computational adaptive optics (CAO) to significantly reduce the number of OCM volumes that need to be acquired with a Gaussian beam focused at different depths.

A deep learning method to more accurately recall known lysine acetylation sites.

Background: Lysine acetylation in protein is one of the most important post-translational modifications (PTMs). It plays an important role in essential biological processes and is related to various diseases. To obtain a comprehensive understanding of regulatory mechanism of lysine acetylation, the key is to identify lysine acetylation sites.

Functional connectivity change of brain default mode network in breast cancer patients after chemotherapy.

Introduction: Complaint about attention disorders is common among breast cancer patients who have undergone chemotherapy, which may be associated with the default mode network (DMN). To validate this hypothesis, we investigated the DMN functional connectivity (FC) change and its relationship with the attention function in breast cancer patients (BC) using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI).

Methods: Twenty-two BC treated with chemotherapy and 22 healthy controls (HC) were recruited into this study.