Interactions between corn starch and lingonberry polyphenols and their effects on starch digestion and glucose transport.

This study investigated the interaction mechanism between corn starch (CS) and lingonberry polyphenols (LBP) during starch gelatinization, focusing on their effects on starch structure and physicochemical properties. Moreover, it explored the effect of this interaction on starch digestion and glucose transport. The results indicated that LBP interacted non-covalently with CS during starch gelatinization, disrupted the short-range ordered structure of starch, decreased gelatinization enthalpy of starch, and formed a dense network structure.

Sensitive, Low-Background-Signal miRNA Analysis via the Self-Priming-Initiated Color Reaction Loaded on a Rolling Circle Amplification Product.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been regarded as potential biomarkers in evaluating various diseases, such as pregnancy-induced hypertension and cancers. However, sensitive and reliable miRNA detection is still a challenge due to the low amplification efficiency and high background signal. Herein, we developed a colorimetric method for miRNA detection utilizing the self-priming-initiated color reaction loaded on a rolling circle amplification (RCA) product.

Sensitive analysis of miRNAs via primer exchange reaction integrated with hairpin catalytic reaction.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can serve as potential biological targets for early screening, targeted therapy, and prognosis in ovarian cancer (OC). However, sensitive and reliable quantification and identification of miRNA remain a huge challenge. Herein, we proposed a simple and reliable approach for the ultra-sensitive detection of miRNA by integrating endonuclease-III (Exo-III) assisted signal recycle, primer exchange reaction (PER), and hairpin catalytic reaction (HCR).

Soy Protein Isolate Interacted with Acrylamide to Reduce the Release of Acrylamide in the In Vitro Digestion Model.

Acrylamide (AA), a common carcinogen, has been found in many dietary products.. This study aimed to explore the interaction of soybean protein isolate (SPI) with AA and further research the different effects of SPI on the AA release due to interactions in the in vitro digestion model.

Effect of CaCl on 2 heat-induced whey protein concentrate fibrillation pathways: Spontaneous and nuclear induction.

Amyloid fibrils have many excellent functional properties that facilitate their applications in the food industry. There are 2 pathways for whey protein concentrate (WPC) to form amyloid fibril aggregates: spontaneous pathway and nuclear induction pathway. Low ionic strength is a necessary condition for the spontaneous pathway to proceed successfully.

Covalent Interaction between High Hydrostatic Pressure-Pretreated Rice Bran Protein Hydrolysates and Ferulic Acid: Focus on Antioxidant Activities and Emulsifying Properties.

Rice bran protein hydrolysates (RBPH) pretreated with high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) covalently interacted with ferulic acid (FA) (0.5 to 2.5 mg/mL) under alkaline conditions.

Investigation on the interaction of acrylamide with soy protein isolate: Exploring the binding mechanism in vitro.

Acrylamide (AA), which is a carcinogen in humans, has been a research focus in terms of food risk assessment. However, few published studies have explored protein strategies to reduce the health risks of AA. The objective of this study was to investigate the binding of AA with soy protein isolate (SPI) and elucidate the binding mechanism.

An aptamer-exonuclease III (Exo III)-assisted amplification-based lateral flow assay for sensitive detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in milk.

Escherichia coli O157:H7 (E. coli O157:H7), one of the most widespread foodborne pathogens, can cause a series of diseases and even lead to death. In this study, a highly sensitive method was developed by combining aptamer-exonuclease III (Exo III)-assisted amplification with lateral flow assay (LFA) based on gold nanoparticles (AuNP).

MicroRNA‑16 inhibits endometrial stromal cell migration and invasion through suppression of the inhibitor of nuclear factor‑κB kinase subunit β/nuclear factor‑κB pathway.

Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) are responsible for the pathogenesis of endometriosis (Ems), which is characterized by the presence of functional endometrial‑like tissues outside the uterine cavity. Abnormal expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) in ESCs may be implicated in the etiology of Ems; however, the exact mechanisms have yet to be fully elucidated. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of miRNAs on ESCs and the underlying mechanisms.

Protective effect of seabuckthorn berry juice against acrylamide-induced oxidative damage in rats.

Acrylamide (AA), classified as a probable carcinogen, can be neurotoxic, genotoxic, and can damage DNA. This study explored the ability of seabuckthorn berries juice (SBJ) to alleviate AA-induced toxic injury in rats. Twenty-four adult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group, AA group (40 mg/kg), AA + SBJ (40 mg/kg AA and 5 mL/kg SBJ), and AA + vitamin C (VC) group (positive control group, 40 mg/kg AA and 100 mg/kg VC).

Comparative experiments of electrical conductivity from whey protein concentrates conventional film and nanofibril film.

We compared the electrical conductivity from two different aggregates of whey protein concentrates (WPC) film: conventional amorphous aggregation at natural pH (pH 6.5) and amyloid fibrils at a low pH (pH 2.0) far away from the isoelectric point.

Key role of peptidoglycan on acrylamide binding by lactic acid bacteria.

The primary purpose of this study was to analyze the ability of four peptidoglycan (PGN) from different lactic acid bacteria to bind acrylamide (AA) and to identify the binding mechanism. In this study, to clarify the possible binding interactions among AA and components of PGN, chemical components, surface structure, amino acids component, and functional groups of peptidoglycans were studied. It was found that PGN from 1.

Silymarin protects against acrylamide-induced neurotoxicity via Nrf2 signalling in PC12 cells.

Silymarin (SM) is a well-known antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer compound extracted from the milk thistle. Here, we investigated the protective effect of SM against acrylamide (AA)-induced neurotoxicity, mainly caused by oxidative stress, via activation of the nuclear transcription factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signalling pathway in PC12 cells. The MTT reduction assay was used to measure cell viability in various drug-treated groups and demonstrated that SM could increase cell viability in AA-treated PC12 cells.

Butenolide derivatives from the plant endophytic fungus Aspergillus terreus.

Three new butenolides containing 5-hydroxyfuran-2(5H)-one core, asperteretal A (1), asperteretal B (2), and asperteretal C (3), together with seven known butenolides (4-10), were obtained from an endophytic fungus Aspergillus terreus PR-P-2 isolated from the plant Camellia sinensis var. assamica. The structures of compounds 1-3 were elucidated on the basis of detailed spectroscopic analysis including UV, IR, HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR, and ECD spectra.

Paenibacillin A, a new 2(1H)-pyrazinone ring-containing natural product from the endophytic bacterium Paenibacillus sp. Xy-2.

A new 2(1H)-pyrazinone ring-containing natural product, paenibacillin A (1), together with five known diketopiperazine derivatives 2-6 and two known isoflavones 7-8, was isolated from the culture of an endophytic bacterium Paenibacillus sp. Xy-2. The structure of compound 1 was elucidated by extensive spectral methods, including UV, IR, HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR and ECD experiments.

Evaluation of multicomponent recombinant vaccines against Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae in mice.

Background: Porcine contagious pleuropneumonia (PCP) is a highly contagious disease that is caused by Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (APP) and characterized by severe fibrinous necrotizing hemorrhagic pleuropneumonia, which is a severe threat to the swine industry. In addition to APP RTX-toxins I (ApxI), APP RTX-toxin II (ApxII), APP RTX-toxin III (ApxIII) and Outer membrane protein (OMP), there may be other useful antigens that can contribute to protection. In the development of an efficacious vaccine against APP, the immunogenicities of multicomponent recombinant subunit vaccines were evaluated.

Positive role for rApxIVN in the immune protection of pigs against infection by Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae.

The role of in vivo-induced ApxIV toxin of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae in protective immunity was evaluated in pigs by administering it alone or added to a multicomponent recombinant subunit vaccine composed of recombinant ApxI, ApxII, ApxIII toxin, and 42-kDa outer membrane protein (OMP). The pigs were immunized with vaccine I (rApxIVN), vaccine II (rApxI+rApxII+rApxIII+rApxIVN+rOMP), vaccine III (rApxI+rApxII+rApxIII+rOMP), or placebo (phosphate-buffered saline+adjuvant). A.

A novel DNA vaccine for protective immunity against virulent Mycobacterium bovis in mice.

Mycobacterium bovis is the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis (bTB). The proteins Ag85B, MPB64, and ESAT-6 are the major immunogenic antigens of M. bovis; these proteins play important roles in inducing immune responses that confer resistance against infections.

Renaturation and purification of ApxII toxin of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae.

ApxII toxin is the only Apx toxin that is produced by Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 7. In order to determine whether the recombinant ApxII that derived from Escherichia coli (E. coli) expression is faithful to the natural ApxII so that can be used as additional component in vaccine preparation, the structure gene apxIIA of ApxII toxin was expressed in E.

A novel fusion protein-based indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of bovine tuberculosis.

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis has been widely explored over the years. Three Mycobacterium bovis-specific antigen genes, namely, mpb70, mpb83, and esat-6 were recombined in tandem by spliced overlap extension technology and expressed in Escherichia coli to obtain the fusion protein (rM70-83-E6). Western blot analysis showed that rM70-83-E6 can specifically react with bovine tuberculosis-positive sera but not those from cattle infected with other bovine diseases such as bovine paratuberculosis.

The protective immune response induced by B cell epitope of classical swine fever virus glycoprotein E2.

Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) envelope glycoprotein E2 is a major protective immunogen responsible for eliciting neutralizing antibodies and conferring protective immunity against the virus. Based on the core sequence (TAVSPTTLR, 829-837 aa) of the B cell linear epitope of the CSFV E2 protein identified by Lin et al., two oligonucleotides MF and MR were synthesized and used to construct by PCR a gene cassette encoding a 15 amino acid polypeptide M (CTAVSPTTLRTEVVK), which spans 828-842 amino acids of E2.