Baseline (modified) Glasgow prognostic score as a predictor of therapeutic response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in solid tumors: A systematic review and meta‑analysis.

A systemic analysis was performed to evaluate the prognostic utility of the Glasgow prognostic score (GPS) and the modified (m)GPS in cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). The PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE and Google Scholar databases were searched for entries added until May 1st, 2023, to obtain relevant articles for this study. The analysis examined several clinical outcomes, including overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate and disease control rate (DCR).

Integrated analysis of M2 macrophage-related gene prognostic model and single-cell sequence to predict immunotherapy response in lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients have high heterogeneity. The significance and clinical value of M2 macrophage-related genes in LUAD require further exploration. We aimed to construct a prognostic signature to predict the immunotherapy efficacy and prognosis in LUAD.

Recent advances in self-targeting natural product-based nanomedicines.

Natural products, recognized for their potential in disease prevention and treatment, have been integrated with advanced nano-delivery systems to create natural product-based nanomedicines, offering innovative approaches for various diseases. Natural products derived from traditional Chinese medicine have their own targeting effect and remarkable therapeutic effect on many diseases, but there are some shortcomings such as poor physical and chemical properties. The construction of nanomedicines using the active ingredients of natural products has become a key step in the modernization research process, which could be used to make up for the defects of natural products such as low solubility, large dosage, poor bioavailability and poor targeting.

Application of Advanced High-Resolution Mass Spectrometric Techniques for the Analysis of Losartan Potassium Drug Substance Degradation Products: From Nontargeted to Targeted Screening.

Advances in techniques for quality analysis allow for a more detailed examination of drug impurities. High-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) contributes to detecting both known and unknown impurities. In this study, a combination of a nontargeted and targeted screening approach was established and applied to the detailed degradation profile of the losartan potassium (LP) drug substance.

Rapid and non-invasive renal injury diagnosis unlocked by a glimpse into urinary protein particle size and charge.

Urinary protein, an important marker for early detection of kidney injury, would change in type and content dynamically with the degree of kidney injury due to the particle size and charge selectivity of the glomerular filtration system, making it significantly valuable for accurate classification and early diagnosis. In this study, we developed a fluorescence sensor (Ami-AuNP/DNAs) based on charge interaction to rapidly identify the progression of kidney injury. When the positively charged Ami-AuNP combines with negatively charged DNAs, fluorescence quenching occurs, and urine proteins that appear compete with the DNAs, leading to fluorescence recovery.

An encounter between metal ions and natural products: natural products-coordinated metal ions for the diagnosis and treatment of tumors.

Natural products-coordinated metal ions to form the nanomedicines are in the spotlight for cancer therapy. Some natural products could be coordinated with metal ions forming nanomedicines via simple and green environmental self-assembly, which not only improved the bioavailability of natural products, but also conferred multiple therapeutic modalities and multimodal imaging. On the one hand, in the weak acidity, glutathione (GSH) and hydrogen peroxide (HO) overexpression of tumor microenvironment (TME), such carrier-free nanomedicines could be further enhanced the therapeutic effect via optimizing the species of metal ions.

Establishment and validation of a predictive model for lower extremity deep vein thrombosis in patients with traumatic pelvic fractures.

Background: Patients with traumatic pelvic fracture (TPF) are at high risk for developing deep vein thrombosis (DVT). However, there is still no unified standard on how to distinguish high-risk groups for DVT in patients with TPF and how to accurately use anticoagulants at present.

Objectives: This observational study aimed to establish a DVT risk nomogram score (DRNS) model for TPF patients, and to explore the value of the DRNS model as a clinical guideline in the prevention of DVT with low molecular weight heparin (LMWH).

Overexpression of Pin1 regulated by TOP2A, which subsequently stabilizes Pyk2 to promote bortezomib resistance in multiple myeloma.

Multiple myeloma (MM), a hematological malignancy of plasma cells, has remained largely incurable owing to drug resistance and disease relapse, which requires novel therapeutic targets and treatment approaches. Peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 1 (Pin1) acts as an oncoprotein linked to the development of various tumors. However, the functional consequence of Pin1 overexpression in modulating MM biology has not been established.

Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Kidney Injury: A Focus on Urine Protein.

The kidney, an essential excretory organ of the body, performs a series of crucial physiological functions such as waste removal, maintenance of electrolyte and acid-base balance, and endocrine regulation. Due to its rich blood flow and high metabolic activity, the kidney is susceptible to damage. Currently, kidney injury is classified into acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD), both of which are associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality on a global scale.

Efficacy analysis of immunotherapy‑based combinations for patients with EGFR‑mutant advanced non‑small cell lung cancer after TKI failure.

Treatment options for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) following tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) failure are limited, and platinum-based chemotherapy remains the main treatment. The development of effective immunotherapy for this disease has been challenging. In the present study, 37 patients with EGFR-mutant advanced NSCLC who were treated with programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) inhibitor-based combinations after TKI failure were reviewed.

A review of L. in the treatment of liver disease: viral hepatitis, liver fibrosis/cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.

Due to the pathological production of liver disease in utility particularly complexity, the morbidity and mortality of liver disease including viral hepatitis, liver fibrosis/cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are rapidly increasing worldwide. Considering its insidious onset, rapid progression and drug resistance, finding an effective therapy is particularly worthwhile. L.

Clinical incidence and relevance of incomplete endothelialization in atrial fibrillation patients with Left Atrial Appendage Closure.

Background: The objective of this study is to investigate the incidence, potential risk factors, and clinical outcomes of incomplete device endothelialization (IDE) in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients undergoing Watchman left atrial appendage closure (LAAC).

Methods: In this study, 68 AF patients who underwent successful implantation of the Watchman device without peri-device leak (PDL) during follow-up were included. The endothelialization status was assessed using Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and LAA computed tomography angiography (CTA) at 6 weeks and 6 months post-implantation.

Host Cells Upregulate Phosphate Transporter PIT1 to Inhibit Intracellular Growth.

infects and proliferates inside monocytes or macrophages and causes human monocytic ehrlichiosis (HME), an emerging life-threatening tick-borne zoonosis. After internalization, resides in specialized membrane-bound inclusions, -containing vesicles (ECVs), to evade from host cell innate immune responses and obtain nutrients. However, mechanisms exploited by host cells to inhibit growth in ECVs are still largely unknown.

Overexpression of CENPU promotes cancer growth and metastasis and is associated with poor survival in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Background: Centromere protein U (CENPU) is key for mitosis in the carcinogenesis of cancers. However, the roles of CENPU have not been inspected in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Thus, we aimed to explore the functions and mechanisms of CENPU in NPC.

Biochar Meets Single-Atom: A Catalyst for Efficient Utilization in Environmental Protection Applications and Energy Conversion.

Single-atom catalysts (SACs), combining the advantages of multiphase and homogeneous catalysis, have been increasingly investigated in various catalytic applications. Carbon-based SACs have attracted much attention due to their large specific surface area, high porosity, particular electronic structure, and excellent stability. As a cheap and readily available carbon material, biochar has begun to be used as an alternative to carbon nanotubes, graphene, and other such expensive carbon matrices to prepare SACs.

A Novel Multi-Effect Photosensitizer for Tumor Destruction via Multimodal Imaging Guided Synergistic Cancer Phototherapy.

Background: How to ingeniously design multi-effect photosensitizers (PSs), including multimodal imaging and multi-channel therapy, is of great significance for highly spatiotemporal controllable precise phototherapy of malignant tumors.

Methods: Herein, a novel multifunctional zinc(II) phthalocyanine-based planar micromolecule amphiphile () was successfully designed and synthesized, in which N atom with photoinduced electron transfer effect was introduced to enhance the near-infrared absorbance and nonradiative heat generation. After simple self-assembling into nanoparticles (NPs), would exhibit enhanced multimodal imaging properties including fluorescence (FL) imaging (FLI) /photoacoustic (PA) imaging (PAI) /infrared (IR) thermal imaging, which was further used to guide the combined photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT).

Efficacy and safety of metronomic oral vinorelbine and its combination therapy as second- and later-line regimens for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: a retrospective analysis.

Objective: This retrospective analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and adverse reactions of metronomic oral vinorelbine and its combination therapy as second- and later-line regimens for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: NSCLC patients undergoing metronomic oral vinorelbine as second- and later-line regimens in Fujian Cancer Hospital from October 2018 to October 2022 were enrolled, and patients' demographic and clinical characteristics were collected. The efficacy and safety of metronomic oral vinorelbine monotherapy and its combination therapy regimens were compared.

[A new cucurbitane glycoside from Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora].

Chemical constituents from the ethanol extract of Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora were isolated and purified by column chromatography. Their structures were identified by HR-MS, 1D and 2D-NMR, and their cytotoxicity was assessed by CCK-8 assay. Four compounds were isolated and identified as follows: 2β-D-glucosyloxy-3β,16α,20β-trihydroxy-9-methyl-19-norlanosterol-5,25-diene-22-one(1), 2β-D-glucosyloxy-3β,16α,20β-trihydroxy-9-methyl-19-norlanosta-5,24-diene-22-one(2), 25-acetoxy-2β-glucosyloxy-3β,16α,20β-trihydroxy-9-methyl-19-norlanosta-5-ene-22-one(3) and 25-acetoxy-2β-glucosyloxy-3β,16α,20β-trihydroxy-9-methyl-19-norlanosta-5,23-(E)-diene-22-one(4).

A Rapid and Accurate UHPLC Method for Determination of Monosaccharides in Polysaccharides of Different Sources of Radix Astragali and Its Immune Activity Analysis.

With the escalating demand for Astragalus polysaccharides products developed from Radix Astragali (RA), the necessity for quality control of polysaccharides in RA has become increasingly urgent. In this study, a specific method for the simultaneous determination of seven monosaccharides in polysaccharides extracted from Radix Astragali (RA) has been developed and validated using ultra-performance liquid chromatography equipped with an ultraviolet detector (UHPLC-UV) for the first time. The 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone (PMP) derivatizations were separated on a C18 column (Waters ACQUITY, Milfor, MA, USA, 1.

New lignans from .

A new lignan phyllanins A () and a lignan phyllanins B () for which the absolute configuration was determined for the first time, along with four known lignans (-) were isolated from the branch and leaf extracts of . Their planar structures were mainly determined by a combination of 1D and 2D NMR, HRESIMS spectral analyses, and the absolute configurations of the compounds and were established by DFT GIAO C NMR and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. In addition, all these six lignans were firstly tested for the antibacterial activities against MRSA, , , and .

A SARS-CoV-2 M fluorescent sensor for exploring pharmacodynamic substances from traditional Chinese medicine.

The main protease of SARS-CoV-2 (SARS-CoV-2 M) plays a critical role in the replication and life cycle of the virus. Currently, how to screen SARS-CoV-2 M inhibitors from complex traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is the bottleneck for exploring the pharmacodynamic substances of TCM against SARS-CoV-2. In this study, a simple, cost-effective, rapid, and selective fluorescent sensor (TPE-S-TLG sensor) was designed with an AIE (aggregation-induced emission) probe (TPE-Ph-In) and the SARS-CoV-2 M substrate (S-TLG).

Analysis of cuproptosis-related genes in prognosis and immune infiltration in grade 4 diffuse gliomas.

Background: Grade 4 diffuse gliomas are highly malignant tumours with poor prognosis. Cuproptosis is a novel form of cell death. Cuproptosis genes are associated with various tumours and affect the prognosis of patients with these tumours.

Identification of a multidrug resistance genomic island harboring a nonfunctional optrA gene in Campylobacter coli of chicken origin.

Campylobacter spp., such as Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli, are important zoonotic Gram-negative pathogens that cause acute intestinal diseases in humans. In this study, a retrospective analysis was conducted on previously collected Campylobacter isolates from antimicrobial resistance surveillance.