Psychotropic medication treatment patterns in community-dwelling schizophrenia in China: comparisons between rural and urban areas.

Background: To date no study has compared more specifically the psychotropic medication treatment patterns for patients with schizophrenia living in community between rural and urban areas. This study examined the rural-urban differences of the use of psychotropic drugs among community-dwelling individuals with schizophrenia in China.

Method: Data on 993 community-dwelling patients with schizophrenia (n = 479 in rural area and n = 514 urban area) were collected by interviews during 2013-2014, and 2015-2016 according to the diagnosis of DSM-IV or ICD-10.

Nicotine dependence in community-dwelling Chinese patients with schizophrenia.

Background: Smoking is a serious public health problem. Patients with schizophrenia usually have a higher prevalence of smoking than the general population, but the level of nicotine dependence is seldom studied, especially for patients living in the communities.

Aims: This study aimed to examine the level of nicotine dependence in Chinese community-dwelling patients with schizophrenia and explored its associated sociodemographic and clinical factors.

Antipsychotic-Free Status in Community-Dwelling Patients With Schizophrenia in China: Comparisons Within and Between Rural and Urban Areas.

Objective: To date, no study has specifically compared antipsychotic-free patients with schizophrenia living in the community between rural and urban areas. This study examined the rural-urban differences among antipsychotic-free community-dwelling individuals with schizophrenia in China.

Methods: Data on 1,365 community-dwelling patients with schizophrenia (n = 742 in a rural area and n = 623 in an urban area) with diagnoses according to DSM-IV or ICD-10 were collected by interviews during 2013-2014 and 2015-2016.

Quality of life in Chinese patients with schizophrenia treated in primary care.

In China, maintenance treatment for clinically stable patients with schizophrenia is usually provided by primary care physicians. This study examined the quality of life (QOL) in patients with schizophrenia treated in primary care and explored the demographic and clinical characteristics associated with QOL. Altogether, 612 patients with schizophrenia treated in 22 randomly selected primary care services in China formed the study sample.

The Relationship Between Sleep Patterns, Quality of Life, and Social and Clinical Characteristics in Chinese Patients With Schizophrenia.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to determine the pattern of sleep behavior in schizophrenia patients treated in primary care.

Design And Methods: Altogether 623 schizophrenia patients in 22 primary care services were recruited. Sleep duration and demographic and clinical characteristics were recorded.

[Gene Diagnosis and Analysis of Clinical Hematological Phenotype of Thailand Deleted α-Thalassemia 1].

Objective: To investigate the hematologic characteristics and gene diagnosis of patients with Thailand deleted α-thalassemia 1, so as to provide the information for clinical genetic counseling.

Methods: The clinical data of 32 patients with Thailand delated α-thalassemia 1 were analyzed retrospectively; the hematologic characteristics and gene diagnosis of Thailand deleted type were investigated by using routine hematologic examination, genetic detection of common thalassemia and Thailand deleted α-thalassemia 1.

Results: Among 32 cases, the Thailand deleted α-thalassemia 1 heterozygote was found in 29 cases, the Thailand deleted α-thalassemia 1 and α(3.

Comorbid Moderate-Severe Depressive Symptoms and their Association with Quality of Life in Chinese Patients with Schizophrenia Treated in Primary Care.

This study described the prevalence and correlates of comorbid moderate-severe depressive symptoms (comorbid depression thereafter) and their association with quality of life (QOL) in schizophrenia patients treated in primary care. 623 schizophrenia patients were enrolled. Patients' socio-demographic and clinical characteristics including comorbid depression [defined as a total score of 18 or above on the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS)] were recorded.

Sexual dysfunction and its impact on quality of life in Chinese patients with schizophrenia treated in primary care.

Purpose: Sexual dysfunction in schizophrenia patients is common. In China, maintenance treatment for clinically stable patients with schizophrenia is usually provided by primary care physicians. Illness- or treatment-related sexual dysfunction in this patient population has been never studied.

Smoking and its associations with sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and quality of life in patients with schizophrenia treated in primary care in China.

Objective: Maintenance treatment for clinically stable patients with schizophrenia is usually provided by Chinese primary care physicians, but no study has investigated smoking rates in this population. This study investigated the rate of smoking and its associations with sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and quality of life (QOL) in patients with schizophrenia treated in primary care in China.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional, community-based survey.

Antipsychotic polypharmacy and quality of life in patients with schizophrenia treated in primary care in China.

Objective: In China, maintenance treatment for clinically stable patients with schizophrenia is usually provided by primary care physicians, but their prescribing patterns have not been studied. This study examined the frequency as well as demographic and clinical correlates of antipsychotic polypharmacy (APP) and its impact on quality of life (QOL) in patients with schizophrenia treated in primary care in China.

Method: A total of 623 community-dwelling patients from 18 randomly selected primary care services were interviewed.

Prevalence of Insomnia and Clinical and Quality of Life Correlates in Chinese Patients With Schizophrenia Treated in Primary Care.

Purpose: To describe the prevalence and clinical correlates of insomnia in schizophrenia patients treated in primary care.

Design And Methods: Six hundred and twenty-three schizophrenia patients from 22 primary care services were recruited.

Findings: The prevalence of at least one type of insomnia was 28.

Could the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Self-Report (QIDS-SR) be used in depressed schizophrenia patients?

Background: Developing accurate and time-efficient tools to measure depressive symptoms in schizophrenia is important for research and clinical practice. This study tested the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the 16-item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QIDS-SR) in depressed schizophrenia patients.

Methods: This study included 337 clinically stable patients with schizophrenia.

[Mutation analysis of SMN gene in a patient and his family with spinal muscular atrophy].

Objective: To perform mutation analysis and describe the genotype of the SMN gene in a patient with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) and his family.

Methods: Deletion analysis of the SMN1 exon 7 by conventional PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and allele-specific PCR, and gene dosage of SMN1 and SMN2 by multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) were performed for the patient and his parents; reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR and sequencing were performed for the patient. To determine whether the SMN variant was exclusive to transcripts derived from SMN1, the RT-PCR product of the patient was subcloned and multiple clones were sequenced directly; PCR of SMN exon 5 from the genomic DNA of the parents and direct sequencing were performed to confirm the mutation.

[Molecular diagnosis of spinal muscular atrophy by multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification].

Objective: To investigate the effect of multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) in molecular diagnosis of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA).

Methods: Peripheral blood samples were collected from 13 SMA patients, 31 parents of SMA patients, 50 healthy individuals without family history of SMA, and 10 specimens of amniotic fluid from these families were collected too. Genomic DNA was analyzed by MLPA, conventional PCR-RFLP, and allele-specific PCR.

[Study of fetal lymphocyte of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy].

Objective: To explore effect of fetal lymphocyte on pathogenesis of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP).

Methods: Twenty pregnant women with ICP and 20 normal pregnant women were enrolled in the study. The single mixed lymphocyte culture/reaction (MLC/MLR) was conducted using inactive lymphocyte obtained from maternal peripheral blood and lymphocyte of cord blood from fetus.

[Cytotoxicity of cytotoxic T lymphocytes induced by the dendritic cells phagocytosing PLA-AFP218-226 micospheres Against hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines].

Objective: To assess the cytotoxicity of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) induced by the dendritic cells phagocytosing HLA-A2+ restricted epitope peptides encapsulated in polylactic acid (PLA) microspheres (PLA-AFP218-226) against cell lines HepG2 and T2-loaded with HLA-A2+ restricted epitope peptides derived from alpha fetoprotein (AFP218-226, LLNQHACAV).

Methods: Mature dendritic cells (DCs) were obtained by inducing the monocytes isolated from peripheral blood cells of HLA-A2+ healthy donors with GM-CSF and IL-4. On day 3 from onset of the culture, PLA- AFP218-226 was added to the culture medium, and on day 6, lipoplysaccharide (LPS) was added to it for inducing the immature DCs to mature.

[Infiltration of DCs and CD4+ T cells in muscle after DNA immunization].

Objective: In order to get a better understanding of the mechanism of DNA initiating specific cytotoxicity T lymphocyte (CTL) immune response, we observed the local infiltration in injection site at different time after DNA immunization and further studied the characters of infiltration cells.

Methods: The local infiltration in injection sites was observed by HE staining at 6 h, 12 h and 1-6 days after DNA immunization. Infiltration cells were further studied with the mice dendritic cells marker CD205, T lymphocyte marker CD4 and CD8 by immunohistological methods.

[On mechanism of how lipopolysaccharide induces dendritic cells to mature through TLRs signal pathway].

Objective: To find out how lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces dendritic cells (DC) to be more mature through Toll-like receptors (TLRs) signal pathway.

Methods: Monocytes were isolated from heparinized whole blood. 7 days later the monocytes were induced into dendritic cells by adding rhGM-CSF and rhIL-4.

[Expression of gastrin in human gastric cancer cell line and effect of anti-gastrin mAb on the cell growth].

Objective: To investigate the expression of gastrin in human gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901 and the effects of gastrin-17 and anti-gastrin mAb on its growth.

Methods: The expression of gastrin was determined by immunohistochemistry with anti-gastrin mAb prepared by our group. In a series of experiments, the growth of SGC-7901 cells was evaluated by MTT assay on cells grown in serum-free medium and treated with gastrin-17 and/or anti-gastrin mAb.

Pivotal molecules of MHC I pathway in human primary hepatocellular carcinoma.

Aim: To investigate the expression of several important molecules involved in major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I presentation pathway in primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and to determine whether cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) vaccine therapy was suitable for HCC.

Methods: Labeled streptavidin biotin (LSAB) method of immunohistochemistry was used to study 33 HCC tissue specimens.

Results: Most HCC tissues and adjacent histological normal hepatocytes expressed HLA-I antigens,TAP, and B7, expression of B7 was especially strong, and there was no significant difference between them (P>0.

[Construction and expression of anti-human AFP ScFv gene in BL-21 (DE3) E. coli].

Objective: To construct anti-human AFP single chain fragment variable (ScFv) gene, transform it into BL-21 (DE3) E. coli for expression, and identify its bioactivity.

Methods: VH and VL genes of anti-human AFP monoclonal antibody were cloned by RT-PCR from hybridoma.

[Construction and expression of human alpha-fetoprotein recombinant plasmid].

Objective: To construct AFP-expressing plasmid and study the expression in eukaryotic cells.

Methods: Total RNA was isolated from fetal liver tissue. Full-length human AFP cDNA was obtained by RT-PCR amplification and then recombined into eukaryotic expression plasmid pcDNA3.

[Preliminary study on preparation and pharmaceutic features of adrimycin-loaded human serum albumin microspheres].

Objective: To prepare adrimycin-loaded human serum albumin microspheres(ADR-HSA-MS) and to study its pharmaceutic properties and in vitro cytotoxicity.

Methods: ADR-HSA-MS, consisting of ADR and HSA, were prepared by emulsion heating solidification method and its morphology was observed by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Pepsin digestion method was used for determining drug loading of ADR-HSA-MS and membrane diffusion technique for detection of in vitro release of ADR from the microspheres.

Expression of class I MHC molecule, HSP70 and TAP in human hepatocellular carcinoma.

Aim: To demonstrate whether class I MHC molecule, transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP), and heat-shock proteion70 (HSP70) expressed in liver cancer cells before the design and construction of CTL vaccine against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: We studied 30 HCC specimens by labeled streptavidin biotin (LSAB) method of immunohistochemistry.

Results: The results showed that the majority of HCC cells investigated naturally expressed class I MHC and TAP, which were different from other tumor cells.