Advancing Succinic Acid Biomanufacturing Using the Nonconventional Yeast .

Succinic acid is an essential bulk chemical with wide-ranging applications in materials, food, and pharmaceuticals. With the advancement of biotechnology, there has been a surge in focus on low-carbon sustainable microbial synthesis methods for producing biobased succinic acid. Due to its high intrinsic acid tolerance, has gained recognition as a competitive chassis for the industrial manufacture of succinic acid.

Systematic metabolic engineering of for efficient production of phytohormone abscisic acid.

Abscisic acid (ABA) is an important phytohormone with diverse applications. It currently relies on the fermentation of , which suffers from limited availability of genetic engineering tools. Here, was engineered to enable biosynthesis of ABA.

Engineering for Efficient Synthesis of Geranylgeraniol.

Geranylgeraniol (GGOH) is a crucial component in fragrances and essential oils, and a valuable precursor of vitamin E. It is primarily extracted from the oleoresin of , but is challenged by long plant growth cycles, severe environmental pollution, and low extraction efficiency. Chemically synthesized GGOH typically comprises a mix of isomers, making the separation process both challenging and costly.

Analysis of growth dynamics in five different media and metabolic phenotypic characteristics of .

is an important endophytic fungus with broad potential for alleviating biotic and abiotic stress on host plants. This study monitored the growth dynamics of on five commonly used artificial media for microorganisms and analyzed its metabolic characteristics using Biolog Phenotype Microarray (PM) technology. The results showed that grew fastest on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA), followed by Kidney Bean Agar (KBA), Alkyl Ester Agar (AEA), Oatmeal Agar (OA), and Luria-Bertani Agar (LB), and the most suitable medium for spore production was OA.

Building Cell Factories for Advanced Biomanufacturing: Challenges and Solutions.

Microbial cell factories have shown great potential for industrial production with the benefit of being environmentally friendly and sustainable. is a promising and superior non-model host for biomanufacturing due to its cumulated advantages compared to model microorganisms, such as high fluxes of metabolic precursors (acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA) and its naturally hydrophobic microenvironment. However, although diverse compounds have been synthesized in cell factories, most of the relevant studies have not reached the level of industrialization and commercialization due to a number of remaining challenges, including unbalanced metabolic flux, conflict between cell growth and product synthesis, and cytotoxic effects.

Advancing Yarrowia lipolytica as a superior biomanufacturing platform by tuning gene expression using promoter engineering.

Yarrowia lipolytica is recognized as an excellent non-conventional yeast in the field of biomanufacturing, where it is used as a host to produce oleochemicals, terpenes, organic acids, polyols and recombinant proteins. Consequently, metabolic engineering of this yeast is becoming increasingly popular to advance it as a superior biomanufacturing platform, of which promoters are the most basic elements for tuning gene expression. Endogenous promoters of Yarrowia lipolytica were reviewed, which are the basis for promoter engineering.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Phenotypes May Provide Additional Information for Risk Stratification for Encapsulated Papillary Carcinoma of the Breast.

Background: Encapsulated papillary carcinoma (EPC) of the breast is a rare entity. EPC can be underappreciated on percutaneous biopsy, which may require additional procedures if invasion is not recognized preoperatively. We aimed to investigate the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) phenotypes correlated with preoperative pathological risk stratification for clinical guidance.

Effective apatinib treatment of pleomorphic liposarcoma: A case report.

Rationale: Pleomorphic liposarcoma (PLS) is a rare and aggressive malignant tumor, and both radiation and conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy remain controversial for metastatic or unresectable disease.

Patient Concerns: We presented an 81-year-old Chinese woman with advanced PLS who received apatinib after failure chemotherapy.

Diagnoses: The patient was diagnosed as having PLS by biopsy.

[Differences of blood plasma renin activity, angiotensin II and aldosterone levels in essential or secondary hypertension].

Objective: To study on the difference of plasma renin activity (PRA), angiotensin II (Ang II), and aldosterone levels in patients with essential hypertension (EH) or primary aldosteronism (PA) or pheochromocytoma (PHEO), and to analyze the sensitivity and specificity on the diagnosis of PA among patients with hypertension with aldosterone/PRA ratio (ARR).

Methods: The plasma aldosterone, Ang II and PRA concentrations in supine and upright positions were measured by radioimmunoassay from 413 patients including idiopathic hyperaldosteronism (IHA, n = 111), aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA, n = 118), PHEO (n = 98) and EH (n = 86). ARR was calculated.

[Effects of long-term and low-dose hormone replacement therapy on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women].

Objective: To observe the effects of long-term and low-dose hormone replacement therapy on bone mineral density (BMD), and the incidence of bone pain in postmenopausal women.

Methods: Totally 141 postmenopausal women were selected from the medical staff of the Peking Union Medical College Hospital. Of them, 63 women treated with low-dose sex hormone for over 5 (5-32) years were divided into hormone replacement therapy (HRT) group, and 78 never receiving HRT were divided into control group.

[Clinical characteristics of 17alpha-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase deficiency and long term follow up results].

Objective: To improve the diagnosis and the treatment level of 17alpha-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase deficiency.

Methods: 24 patients suffering from this disease were diagnosed and treated in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from 1978 to 2002. All the patients had comprehensive hormone assay and some had bone mineral density detection.

[Clinical validity of anti-thyroperoxidase antibody and anti-thyroglobulin antibody].

Objective: To evaluate the clinical validity of anti-thyroperoxidase antibody (anti-TPOAb) and anti-thyroglobulin antibody (anti-TgAb).

Method: Serum levels of anti-TPOAb and anti-TgAb were assayed using chemiluminescence immunoassay in 434 subjects, including 51 patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, 58 with Graves' disease, 68 with nodular goiter, 56 with thyroid adenoma and carcinoma, 56 with subacute thyroiditis, 65 with euthyroid non-thyroid endocrine disease, 35 with euthyroid non-thyroid autoimmune diseases, and 45 euthyroid controls.

Results: The highest level and most positive results of serum anti-TgAb and anti-TPOAb were observed in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (median 373 and 6 974 U/ml, positive rate 84.

[Expression of transforming growth factor alpha, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and vascular endothelial growth factor of human pheochromocytoma tissues].

Objective: To compare the expressions of transforming growth factor alpha (TGFalpha), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) between pheochromocytoma (PHEO) tissues and normal adrenal medulla tissues.

Methods: The mRNA expressions of TGFalpha, TNFalpha, and VEGF detected by RT-PCR, were compared between 22 PHEO tissues and 18 normal adrenal medulla tissues (according with the principle of medical ethnics). Immunohistochemistry staining was performed on 27 PHEO tissues and 14 normal adrenal medulla tissues.

[Right attitude towards the postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy].

We have gone through decades using hormone replacement therapy (HRT). The first problem encountered was increased endometrial cancer and solved by addition of progesterone. Now we are facing cardiovascular complications and how could we solve in the use of HRT.

[Effects of sex hormones on serum levels of nitric oxide and plasma angiotensin II in postmenopausal women].

Objective: To observe the effect of estrogen and progestin on the blood levels of nitric oxide and angiotensin II in aid of the application of hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women.

Methods: The serum nitric oxide and plasma angiotensin II levels in postmenopausal women were determined before and 3 months after oral intake of estradiol valerate 1 mg/day (n = 10) or estradiol valerate, 1 mg/d plus medroxyprogesterone acetate, 2 mg/d (n = 30).

Results: The serum nitric oxide levels of postmenopausal women were significantly increased by 3 months of oral estradiol valerate 1 mg/d (P < 0.