Biopharma innovation trends during COVID-19 and beyond: an evidence from global partnerships and fundraising activities, 2011-2022.

Background: Co-development alliances and capital-raising activities are essential supports for biopharmaceutical innovation. During the initial outbreak of the COVID-19, the level of these business activities has increased greatly. Yet the magnitude, direction, and duration of the trend remain ambiguous.

Detection rates and factors affecting thereof in endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial carcinoma, and cervical glandular lesions on cervical smear.

Introduction: Endometrial lesions are morphologically diverse and uncommon on cervical smears, with its detection rate and associated diagnostic categories uncharacterized. In this study, cervical smears matched to histologically proven endometrial hyperplasias and carcinomas were reviewed and compared with cervical in-situ-carcinomas/carcinomas, aiming to detail the diagnostic performance of cervical smears for upper tract and glandular lesions.

Methods: Pathology reports of cervical smears, hysterectomies, endometrial and cervical biopsies from 1995 to 2021 were retrieved.

Dissection of Aberration for Cervical Adenocarcinoma Outcomes.

Personalized treatment of genetically stratified subgroups has the potential to improve outcomes in many malignant tumors. This study distills clinically meaningful prognostic/predictive genomic marker for cervical adenocarcinoma using signature genomic aberrations and single-point nonsynonymous mutation-specific droplet digital PCR (ddPCR). Mutations in E542K, E545K, or H1047R were detected in 41.

Trichoblastic Carcinosarcoma Arising From the Vagina: A Case Report With Comprehensive Immunophenotypic Analysis.

A 54-year-old woman presented with abdominal pain. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an upper vaginal mass with no pelvic side wall involvement, nodal, or distant metastasis. Radical hysterectomy was performed.

Mismatch repair deficiency is implicated in carcinoma arising from ovarian teratoma.

Malignant transformation of benign mature ovarian teratoma can result in a wide spectrum of cancer, including a variety of carcinoma, sarcoma, or melanoma. The role of mismatch repair defects in such malignant transformation is still elusive. In view of current immunotherapy, the role of mismatch repair deficiency can have significant implications on therapeutic strategy.

Uterine Carcinosarcoma with Alpha-Fetoprotein-Producing Hepatoid Component: A Case Report and Literature Review.

A 67-year-old woman presented with postmenopausal vaginal bleeding. Full body imaging demonstrated an intrauterine mass with deep myometrial invasion but no nodal or other metastatic disease. Uterine curettage was performed.

Comparison of the prevalence of chronic endometritis as determined by means of different diagnostic methods in women with and without reproductive failure.

Objective: To compare the prevalence of chronic endometritis (CE) when different diagnostic methods are used.

Design: Prospective observational study.

Setting: University-affiliated hospital.

Prognostic implication of human papillomavirus types and species in cervical cancer patients undergoing primary treatment.

High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) types are associated with cervical cancer. It is well established that individual HPV types vary in oncogenicity, but current data on their prognostic implication remain controversial. We examined the association between HPV types/species and the survival of 236 Chinese women aged 26-87 (mean 54.

MCPIP1 suppresses hepatitis C virus replication and negatively regulates virus-induced proinflammatory cytokine responses.

Human MCP-1-induced protein 1 (MCPIP1, also known as ZC3H12A and Regnase-1) plays important roles in negatively regulating the cellular inflammatory response. Recently, we found that as an RNase, MCPIP1 has broad-spectrum antiviral effects by targeting viral RNA. In this study, we demonstrated that MCPIP1 expression was induced by hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in Huh7.

Selection of referent transcript for normalization of gene expression in cervical cytology samples.

Real-time polymerase chain reaction is widely used in gene expression studies but this requires an appropriate referent gene for data normalization. So far, no gold standard is available and the selection has to be empirically validated. The aim of this study was to identify the most stable referent gene in exfoliated cervical cells with different degrees of cervical pathology.

Prophylactic use of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system in women with breast cancer treated with tamoxifen: a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To estimate the rate of endometrial pathology with the prophylactic use of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system in women with breast cancer treated with tamoxifen.

Methods: This was a randomized contro-lled trial of 129 Chinese women who attended a university hospital in Hong Kong and required adjuvant tamoxifen for breast cancer after the completion of postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Women were randomized to treatment (prophylactic levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system insertion before the commencement of tamoxifen) or control group.

MicroRNA-182 plays an onco-miRNA role in cervical cancer.

Objectives: The purposes of this study were to identify aberrantly expressed miRNAs and investigate their pathogenic roles in cervical cancer.

Methods: miRNA expression was assessed in cervical cancer cell lines, micro-dissected normal cervical epithelium cells and primary cervical carcinoma by TaqMan RT-PCR. Spatial expression of miR-182 in cervical carcinoma and normal cervix was explored by in situ hybridization.

Dysregulated microRNAs in the pathogenesis and progression of cervical neoplasm.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in a variety of physiological as well as pathophysiological processes, including carcinogenesis. The aim of this study is to identify a distinct miRNA expression signature for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and to unveil individual miRNAs that may be involved in the development of cervical carcinoma. Expression profiling using quantitative real-time RT-PCR of 202 miRNAs was performed on micro-dissected high-grade CIN (CIN 2/3) tissues and compared to normal cervical epithelium.

Risk factors for squamous intraepithelial lesions in systemic lupus erythematosus: a prospective cohort study.

Objective: We undertook a prospective cohort study to ascertain the risk factors for the development of squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Methods: One hundred thirty-seven SLE patients with a normal Papanicolaou (Pap) smear at baseline were evaluated at 6-month intervals for up to 3 years. At each visit, a Pap smear, human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA test, and clinical assessment were performed.

Epidemiologic risk profile of infection with different groups of human papillomaviruses.

This study identified the age-specific prevalence and epidemiologic risk profile for infection with different groups and species of human papillomaviruses (HPV). Structured interview and HPV testing were conducted for 2,604 Chinese women self-referred for cervical screening. Independent risk factors for infection were identified by multiple logistic regressions.

Distribution of human papillomavirus types in cervical cancers in Hong Kong: current situation and changes over the last decades.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) type distribution among cervical cancers and its possible changes over time are key issues that determine the cost-effectiveness of HPV vaccines. Cervical cancers diagnosed during 3 periods (1997-2007, N = 280; 1984-1986, N = 74; 1972-1973, N = 81) in Hong Kong were examined for HPV type distribution using sensitive broad-catching methods. The results showed a variation in HPV distribution between histological groups.

Behavioural and toxic interaction profile of ketamine in combination with caffeine.

Ketamine street tablets often contain several other compounds in addition to ketamine, among them is caffeine. The purpose of this study was to examine whether caffeine interacts with ketamine-induced behavioural and toxic effects. Male ICR mice were treated with ketamine alone or ketamine combined with various doses of caffeine, then the locomotor activity, rotarod test, prepulse inhibition of acoustic startle, loss of righting reflex, and mortality rate were examined.

Low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma with florid intravenous component.

A case of low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (LGESS) with striking involvement of pelvic veins is reported. The pattern of vascular involvement resembled that seen in intravenous leiomyomatosis. The report illustrated that the possibility of venous involvement should always be considered in the management of LGESS.

Depth-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy of normal and dysplastic cervical tissue.

A portable confocal system with the excitations at 355nm and 457nm was instrumented to investigate the depth-resolved fluorescence of cervical tissue. The study focused on extracting biochemical and morphological information carried in the depth-resolved signals measured from the normal squamous epithelial tissue and squamous intraepithelial lesions. Strong keratin fluorescence with the spectral characteristics similar to collagen were observed from the topmost keratinizing layer of all tissue samples.

Depth-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy reveals layered structure of tissue.

A confocal fluorescence spectroscopy system is instrumented to study depth-resolved autofluorescence in biological tissue. The system provides the capability of optical sectioning with the maximal detectiondepth up to 120 m in the examined tissue samples. It was found that the topmost keratinizing epithelial layer produces strong fluorescence similar to collagen.

The role of microsatellite instability in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix.

Objectives: This study was conducted to define the role of microsatellite instability (MSI) in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the cervix. We also tested the validity of using markers recommended for MSI study in colonic carcinoma by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) for cervical neoplasm.

Methods: Twenty normal cervical, 24 low-grade CIN (CIN-L), 59 high-grade CIN (CIN-H), and 93 SCC tissues were examined for MSI after microdissection.

Preliminary study of detecting neoplastic growths in vivo with real time calibrated autofluorescence imaging.

The goal of this study was to evaluate the capabilities of a calibrated autofluorescence imaging method for detecting neoplastic lesions. An imaging system that records autofluorescence images calibrated by the cross-polarized reflection images from excitation was instrumented for the evaluation. Cervical tissue was selected as the living tissue model.

Apotosis-related proteins in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix.

Objectives: A loss of balance between proliferation and apoptosis leads to tumor formation. Normal cervical epithelium becomes dysplastic before potentially developing into carcinoma. This study was conducted to delineate the role of apoptosis-related proteins in various stages of development in cervical neoplasia.