Improved photovoltaic properties of nominal composition CHNHPbZnI carbon-based perovskite solar cells.

Herein, the low-cost and eco-friendly zinc cation (Zn) is used to replace part of the lead cation (Pb) in methylammonium lead iodide (CHNHPbI). The modified perovskite material, CHNHPbxZnxI, is then obtained and successfully applied in the construction of hole-conductor-free perovskite solar cells (PSCs) based on carbon counter electrodes. The obtained PSCs with 1 mol% Zn doping dramatically facilitate the formation of dense, high surface coverage perovskite films with large grain size and superior crystallinity.