Integrated machine learning and bioinformatic analysis of mitochondrial-related signature in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a prevalent inflammatory disorder affecting the upper respiratory tract. Recent studies have indicated an association between CRSwNP and mitochondrial metabolic disorder characterized by impaired metabolic pathways; however, the precise mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims to investigate the mitochondrial-related signature in individuals diagnosed with CRSwNP.

Patient compliance to sublingual immunotherapy for mite-induced allergic rhinitis: A retrospective study.

Background: Compliance to sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) is generally low, resulting in reduced short- and long-term clinical efficacy. Compliance is a critical factor determining the success of allergic rhinitis (AR) treatment.

Objective: To analyze the compliance of patients with house dust mite (HDM)-induced AR to SLIT and the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on compliance.

[Expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of respiratory diseases exacerbated by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs （2024, Chengdu）].

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs-exacerbated respiratory disease （N-ERD） is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by eosinophilic inflammation, featuring chronic rhinosinusitis （CRS）, asthma, and intolerance to cyclooxygenase 1 （COX-1） inhibitors. The use of these medications can lead to an acute worsening of rhinitis and asthma symptoms. This condition has not yet received sufficient attention in China, with a high rate of misdiagnosis and a lack of related research.

Evaluation of genetic variants in ferroptosis-related genes and house dust mite-induced allergic rhinitis risk.

Background: Ferroptosis-related genes disrupt iron homeostasis and enhance lipid peroxidation to initiate respiratory system diseases. However, the association between genetic variants in the ferroptosis-related genes with house dust mite (HDM)-induced allergic rhinitis (AR) susceptibility remains unclear.

Methods: A case-control study, involving 222 cases and 237 healthy controls from a Chinese population, was conducted to evaluate the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in ferroptosis-related genes and HDM-induced AR risk.

Combination of omalizumab with allergen immunotherapy versus immunotherapy alone for allergic diseases: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Allergen immunotherapy (AIT)-associated adverse events (AEs) limit its usage in the management of allergic diseases. The monoclonal anti-IgE antibody (omalizumab) and AIT have complementary actions. However, no consensus has been reached on whether their combination could exert superior efficacy and safety.

Chinese Expert Consensus on the Use of Biologics in Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis (2022, Zhuhai).

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common inflammatory disease in otolaryngology, mainly manifested as nasal congestion, nasal discharge, facial pain/pressure, and smell disorder. CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), an important phenotype of CRS, has a high recurrence rate even after receiving corticosteroids and/or functional endoscopic sinus surgery. In recent years, clinicians have focused on the application of biological agents in CRSwNP.

Texture analysis of diffusion kurtosis imaging for differentiating malignant from benign sinonasal lesions: added value to conventional imaging features.

Objectives: To evaluate the performance of texture analysis (TA) of diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) in differentiating malignant from benign sinonasal lesions, and its added value to the conventional imaging features.

Methods: Fifty-eight patients with malignant and 40 patients with benign sinonasal lesions were retrospectively enrolled. Conventional CT and MRI features were reviewed.

Polymorphisms Associated with Susceptibility to House Dust Mite-Sensitized Persistent Allergic Rhinitis in a Chinese Population.

Background: Genetic variants in (also known as ) have been reported to have significant associations with asthma and eczema in special populations, but little is known about allergic rhinitis. This study purposes to evaluate the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in with house dust mite (HDM)-sensitized persistent allergic rhinitis (PER) in a population of Han Chinese.

Methods: In this hospital-based case-control study, 534 HDM-sensitized PER patients and 451 healthy controls were recruited from East China.

TLR Signaling Pathway Gene Polymorphisms, Gene-Gene and Gene-Environment Interactions in Allergic Rhinitis.

Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a nasal inflammatory disease resulting from a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. The association between Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathway and environmental factors in AR pathogenesis remains to be explored. This study aims to assess the genetic association of AR with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in TLR signaling pathway, and investigate the roles of gene-gene and gene-environment interactions in AR.

Texture analysis of conventional magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion-weighted imaging for distinguishing sinonasal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma from squamous cell carcinoma.

Purpose: To evaluate the value of texture analysis (TA) of conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in the differential diagnosis between sinonasal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).

Methods: Forty-two patients with sinonasal SCC and 30 patients with NHL were retrospectively enrolled. TAs were performed on T2-weighted image (T2WI), apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted image (T1WI).

CircRNA expression profiles and circRNA-miRNA-mRNA crosstalk in allergic rhinitis.

Background: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are involved in inflammation; however, their role in allergic rhinitis (AR) remains unclear. In this study, we analyzed circRNA expression and identified a circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network through which circRNAs regulate AR pathogenesis.

Methods: We analyzed circRNA, miRNA, and mRNA expression profiles in the nasal mucosa by high-throughput sequencing (HTS), using a fold-change >1.

Polymorphisms in MicroRNA Target Sites of TGF-β Signaling Pathway Genes and Susceptibility to Allergic Rhinitis.

Background: The polymorphisms inside microRNA target sites locating in the 3'-UTR region may introduce the micro-RNA-binding changes, which may regulate the gene expression and correlate with the potential diseases.

Objectives: We aimed to investigate whether the polymorphisms in microRNA target sites of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling pathway genes are associated with the susceptibility of mite-sensitized allergic rhinitis (AR) in a Han Chinese population.

Methods: In this case-control study, 454 AR patients and 448 healthy controls were recruited.

A guide to human microbiome research: study design, sample collection, and bioinformatics analysis.

The purpose of this review is to provide medical researchers, especially those without a bioinformatics background, with an easy-to-understand summary of the concepts and technologies used in microbiome research. First, we define primary concepts such as microbiota, microbiome, and metagenome. Then, we discuss study design schemes, the methods of sample size calculation, and the methods for improving the reliability of research.

Polymorphism -509C/T in Promoter Is Associated With Increased Risk and Severity of Persistent Allergic Rhinitis in a Chinese Population.

Background: Polymorphism -509C/T in the promoter of transforming growth factor beta1 () gene is implicated in the pathogenesis of asthma. This polymorphism might also act to regulate the development of allergic rhinitis (AR).

Objectives: To investigate whether -509C/T is associated with AR susceptibility and severity in a Han Chinese population.

Clinical and laboratory features, treatment, and outcomes of macrophage activation syndrome in 80 children: a multi-center study in China.

Background: Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in pediatric rheumatology. We aimed to further understand the clinical features, treatment, and outcome of MAS in China.

Methods: A multi-center cohort study was performed in seven hospitals in China from 2012 to 2018.

Haploinsufficiency of A20 (HA20): updates on the genetics, phenotype, pathogenesis and treatment.

Background: A20, a protein encoded by the tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein 3 gene (TNFAIP3), plays a vital role in the negative regulation of inflammation and immunity. Loss-of-function mutation in TNFAIP3 leads to a new described autoinflammatory disease-haploinsufficiency of A20 (HA20). Since HA20 was first described in 2016, a number of new cases have been described in this literature, however, the disease and its pathogenesis are poorly understood.

Juvenile dermatomyositis: advances in clinical presentation, myositis-specific antibodies and treatment.

Background: Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is a chronic autoimmune disease characteristic by inflammation of small vessels within the skin, muscle and vital organs. But the clinical features and treatment of JDM have not been fully clarified.

Data Sources: Databases underwent through PubMed for articles about the clinical features, myositis-specific antibodies of JDM and its treatment, and we selected publications written in English which were relevant to the topic of this review.

Prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus infection and characteristics of lymphocyte subsets in newly onset juvenile dermatomyositis.

Background: The underlying etiology of juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is unknown. T cell deficiency as well as Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection had been suspected to be involved in the pathogenesis, but it has been poorly evaluated in JDM patients.

Methods: This study described the traits of T and B lymphocyte subsets in newly onset JDM patients and the incidence of EBV infection in JDM patients compared with match controls.

Current status and recent advances on the use of ultrasonography in pediatric rheumatic diseases.

Background: Ultrasonography has become a useful tool in the clinical rheumatology settings in the last two decades, but its use has only recently been explored by pediatric rheumatologists. The aim of this article is to review the literature on the current status and recent advances on the use of ultrasound in pediatric rheumatic diseases.

Data Sources: We have retrieved and reviewed the relevant articles from MEDLINE/PubMed databases published so far, on the applications of ultrasound in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), systemic lupus erythematosus, dermatomyositis, enthesitis, Sjogren's syndrome, and other rheumatic diseases.

Immunological pathogenesis and treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus.

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosis (SLE) is a complex and clinically heterogeneous autoimmune disease. A variety of immunological defects contribute to SLE, including dysregulated innate and adaptive immune response. A clearer understanding of the mechanisms driving disease pathogenesis combined with recent advances in medical science is predicted to enable accelerated progress towards improved SLE-personalized approaches to treatment.

[Unilateral sinonasal disease in 376 adult patients: a retrospective study].

Objectives: To investigate the clinical and pathological features of patients with unilateral sinonasal disease (USD).

Methods: A retrospective analysis was completed on 376 adult patients with USD from January 2015 to December 2016. Their presenting symptoms, nasal endoscope, CT scanning, and pathology were analyzed respectively.

[Clinical and laboratory features of macrophage activation syndrome].

Objective: To study the clinical and laboratory features of macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) at the early stage of diagnosis, and to explore a method for early identification of MAS.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed for the demographic data, clinical and laboratory features, and treatment outcomes of 21 MAS patients.

Results: Of the 21 MAS patients, 14 had systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis, 5 had Kawasaki disease (KD), and 2 had connective tissue disease (CTD) as primary diseases.