Thalidomide induce response in patients with corticosteroid-resistant or relapsed ITP by upregulating Neuropilin-1 expression.

Background: Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an immune-mediated acquired autoimmune hemorrhagic disease. About one-third of patients are unresponsive to first-line therapies. Thalidomide (THD) as an immunomodulatory agent is now used to treat several autoimmune disorders.