The impact of computerised physician order entry on prescribing in general paediatric units in Hong Kong.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a closed-loop computerised physician order entry (CPOE) system on prescribing in a general paediatric unit in Hong Kong. We studied the effect of the CPOE system on medication prescribing error and the characteristics of these errors before and after the implementation of the system.

Methods: This was a single-site, prospective, observational study at a public hospital's general paediatric unit in Hong Kong, conducted during the pre- and post-implementation of the system from March to April 2019 and 2020, respectively.

Quantitative Assessment of Retinal Degeneration in Birdshot Chorioretinopathy Using Optical Coherence Tomography.

Background And Objective: Retinal degeneration in birdshot chorioretinopathy (BSCR) has been assessed qualitatively using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). The purpose of this study was to determine whether these changes could be quantified.

Patients And Methods: The charts of 22 eyes of 11 patients with BSCR and 22 eyes of 22 controls were reviewed.

Serous Index of Pigment Epithelial Detachments in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration Predicts Response to Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Treatment.

Background And Objective: To determine whether optical density measurements of pigment epithelial detachments (PEDs) in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) can predict the response to treatment with anti-VEGF therapy.

Patients And Methods: Retrospective review of SD-OCT scans of 21 eyes of 21 patients with neovascular AMD and PED. Response to treatment was determined using SD-OCT volumetric analysis.

Choroidal degeneration in birdshot chorioretinopathy.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to determine if progressive choroidal changes occur in birdshot chorioretinopathy (BSCR).

Methods: Retrospective chart review of all patients with BSCR who were seen over a 3-year period. Controls consisted of healthy age-matched and gender-matched patients.

Retinal angiography with real-time speckle variance optical coherence tomography.

This report describes a novel, non-invasive and label-free optical imaging technique, speckle variance optical coherence tomography (svOCT), for visualising blood flow within human retinal capillary networks. This imaging system uses a custom-built swept source OCT system operating at a line rate of 100 kHz. Real-time processing and visualisation is implemented on a consumer grade graphics processing unit.

Comparison of the clinical disc margin seen in stereo disc photographs with neural canal opening seen in optical coherence tomography images.

Purpose: To compare neural canal opening (NCO) with the clinical optic disc margin (DM) seen and to investigate the planarity of the NCO in normal human optic nerve heads (ONH).

Methods: Sixteen eyes were imaged. Twelve healthy eyes were selected for planarity and 9 for NCO and DM correspondence.

Optical coherence tomography-based measurement of drusen load predicts development of advanced age-related macular degeneration.

Purpose: To determine whether baseline drusen load, as measured using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD OCT), is a useful predictor of development of advanced age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Methods: setting: Academic clinical practice.

Optic nerve head and peripapillary morphometrics in myopic glaucoma.

Purpose: To investigate morphological characteristics of optic nerve head and peripapillary region with myopia and glaucoma.

Methods: Ten normal and 17 glaucomatous myopic participants were imaged with a custom 1060-nm swept-source optical coherence tomography system. The three-dimensional images were processed and segmented for inner limiting membrane (ILM), posterior border of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), Bruch's membrane (BM), and posterior border of choroid.

Exacerbation of choroidal and retinal pigment epithelial atrophy after anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatment in neovascular age-related macular degeneration.

Purpose: To study the progression of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and choroidal atrophy in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and to assess for a possible association with the number and type of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatments.

Methods: Patients with neovascular AMD and a minimum of 1-year follow-up were reviewed. Fellow eyes with nonneovascular AMD were used as control eyes.

Automatic detection of subretinal fluid and sub-retinal pigment epithelium fluid in optical coherence tomography images.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness in developed countries. Subretinal fluid (SRF) and sub-retinal pigment epithelium (sub-RPE) fluid are signs of AMD and can be detected in optical coherence tomography images. However, manual detection and segmentation of SRFs and sub-RPE fluids are laborious and time consuming.

Imaging of Ocular Angle Structures with Fourier Domain Optical Coherence Tomography.

Background: Imaging of the Schlemm's Canal is complicated by the small physiological size and the location several hundred microns beneath the sclera. Noninvasive imaging of Schlemm's canal and Trabecular Meshwork (TM) in vivo with Fourier Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (FD OCT) can provide clinicians with a powerful tool to visualize ocular angular structures crucial for glaucoma management.

Purpose: To investigate the appearance of Schlemm's canal and TM on FD OCT images.

Comparative analysis of repeatability of manual and automated choroidal thickness measurements in nonneovascular age-related macular degeneration.

Purpose: We compared the reproducibility and mutual agreement of the subfoveal choroidal thickness measurements by expert raters and an automated algorithm in enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) images of eyes with nonneovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Methods: We recruited 44 patients with nonneovascular AMD and EDI-OCT images were acquired. Subfoveal choroidal thickness was measured manually by two expert raters and automatically by a graph-cut-based algorithm.

Real-time high-speed volumetric imaging using compressive sampling optical coherence tomography.

Volumetric imaging of the Optic Nerve Head (ONH) morphometry with Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) requires dense sampling and relatively long acquisition times. Compressive Sampling (CS) is an emerging technique to reduce volume acquisition time with minimal image degradation by sparsely sampling the object and reconstructing the missing data in software. In this report, we demonstrated real-time CS-OCT for volumetric imaging of the ONH using a 1060nm Swept-Source OCT prototype.

Optic nerve head registration via hemispherical surface and volume registration.

We present an automated method for nonrigid registration of the optic nerve head (ONH) surfaces extracted from 3-D optical coherence tomography images to give a one-to-one correspondence between two ONH surfaces. This allows development of population-average ONH surfaces, pooling of morphometric data measured on ONH surfaces from multiple subjects into a single chosen template surface, and statistical analysis (cross sectional, or longitudinal, or both) in a common coordinate system. An application of this coordinate system to construct an average ONH shape across an illustrative dataset is demonstrated, and the impact of template selection is assessed.