Correction to: Duganella rivus sp. nov., Duganella fentianensis sp. nov., Duganella qianjiadongensis sp. nov. and Massilia guangdongensis sp. nov., isolated from subtropical streams in China and reclassification of all species within genus Pseudoduganella.

In the published version of the article, the title should have read 'Duganella rivi sp. nov., Duganella fentianensis sp.

Massilia aquatica sp. nov., Isolated from a Subtropical Stream in China.

A Gram-stain-negative, catalase- and oxidase-positive, rod-shaped and motile strain FT127W was isolated from a subtropical stream in China. Comparison based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain FT127W belongs to genus Massilia and shares 98.5% similarity with Massilia buxea A9 as its closest neighbor.

Duganella rivus sp. nov., Duganella fentianensis sp. nov., Duganella qianjiadongensis sp. nov. and Massilia guangdongensis sp. nov., isolated from subtropical streams in China and reclassification of all species within genus Pseudoduganella.

Four Gram-stain-negative, catalase-positive, rod-shaped and motile strains (FT55W, FT93W, CY13W and DS3) were isolated from subtropical streams in China. Comparisons based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strains FT55W, FT93W and CY13W take strain Pseudoduganella danionis E3/2, and strain DS3 takes strain Pseudoduganella eburnea 10R5-21 as their closest neighbour, respectively. The genome sizes of strains FT55W, FT93W, CY13W and DS3 were 6.

A high-throughput dye-reducing photometric assay for evaluating microbial exoelectrogenic ability.

Exoelectrogenic bacteria (EEB) can transfer electrons to extracellular electron acceptors and have wide applications in environmental bioremediation and bioenergy generation. Thus, methods for effectively probing the exoelectrogenic ability of EEB are highly desirable. In this work, a simple but efficient photometric assay based on the extracellular reduction of high polar dyes was developed to evaluate the microbial exoelectrogenic ability.

Molecular phylogeny of Loliginidae inferred from mitochondrial DNA sequence variation.

Loliginidae includes many economically important species in trophic systems worldwide. Here, we investigated genetic relationships and diversity in this family. Sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analyses revealed considerable variations between mitochondrial 16 S rRNA gene and cytochrome coxidase subunit I gene among nine Loliginid species.

Different effects of low- and high-dose waterborne zinc on Zn accumulation, ROS levels, oxidative damage and antioxidant responses in the liver of large yellow croaker Pseudosciaena crocea.

The aim of the present study was to assess survival rate, Zn accumulation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, oxidative damage and antioxidant responses after Zn exposure (2 and 8 mg L Zn) at different exposure times (6, 12, 24, 48 and 96 h) in the liver of large yellow croaker. Survival rate was reduced at 96 h, and hepatic Zn content increased during 24-96 by 8 mg L Zn. In the 2 mg L Zn group, no fish died and the increase in Zn content merely occurred at 96 h.

Molecular characterization and expression analysis of AMPK α subunit isoform genes from Scophthalmus maximus responding to salinity stress.

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a highly conserved and multi-functional protein kinase that plays important roles in both intracellular energy balance and cellular stress response. In the present study, molecular characterization, tissue distribution and gene expression levels of the AMPK α1 and α2 genes from turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) under salinity stress are described. The complete coding regions of the AMPK α1 and α2 genes were isolated from turbot through degenerate primers in combination with RACE using muscle cDNA.

The role of Nrf2/Keap1 signaling in inorganic mercury induced oxidative stress in the liver of large yellow croaker Pseudosciaena crocea.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of acute inorganic Hg exposure (0, 32 and 64μgHgL(-1)) on lipid peroxidation, activities and gene expression of antioxidant enzymes (Cu/Zn-SOD, CAT, GPx, GR and GST), and mRNA levels of the Keap1-Nrf2 signaling molecules at different exposure times (6h, 12h, 24h, 48h, and 96h) in the liver of large yellow croaker Pseudosciaena crocea. The results showed that lipid peroxidation was sharply reduced by 32μg Hg L(-1) during 6-12h before returning to control levels. Similarly, lipid peroxidation was significantly reduced during 6-12h followed by a sharp increase towards the end of the exposure in the 64μgHgL(-1) group.

Toxicity Thresholds for Diclofenac, Acetaminophen and Ibuprofen in the Water Flea Daphnia magna.

Non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been frequently detected in aquatic ecosystem and posed a huge risk to non-target organisms. The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxic effects of three typical NSAIDs, diclofenac (DFC), acetaminophen (APAP) and ibuprofen (IBP), toward the water flea Daphnia magna. All three NSAIDs showed remarkable time-dependent and concentration-dependent effects on D.

Rho/ROCK acts downstream of lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 in modulating P2X3 receptor-mediated bone cancer pain in rats.

Background: Lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 and Rho/ROCK signaling is implicated in bone cancer pain development. However, it remains unknown whether the two signaling pathways function together in P2X3 receptor-mediated bone cancer pain.

Results: In this study, using a rat model of bone cancer, we examined the expression of P2X3 and lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 in rat dorsal root ganglion neurons and further dissected whether lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 and Rho/ROCK-mediated pathways interacted in modulating rat pain behavior.

Antioxidant defenses at transcriptional and enzymatic levels and gene expression of Nrf2-Keap1 signaling molecules in response to acute zinc exposure in the spleen of the large yellow croaker Pseudosciaena crocea.

We evaluated the effects of acute Zn exposure (4 and 8 mg L(-1) Zn) on lipid peroxidation, and activities and mRNA levels of antioxidant enzyme genes (Cu/Zn-SOD, CAT, GPx, and GR), and gene expression of the Nrf2-Keap1 signaling molecule at different exposure times (0, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 96 h) in the spleen of large yellow croaker. Lipid peroxidation remained relatively constant during 6-48 h and 6-24 h and sharply increased at 96 h and during 48-96 h in fish exposed to 4 and 8 mg L(-1) Zn, respectively. Activities of all tested enzymes increased during the early stage of exposure and decreased towards the end of the exposure in both groups.

Beneficial effects of dantrolene on sepsis-induced diaphragmatic dysfunction are associated with downregulation of high-mobility group box 1 and calpain-caspase-3 proteolytic pathway.

Background: Intracellular calcium overload is a major contributing factor to diaphragmatic dysfunction triggered by sepsis. In this study, the possible role of dantrolene, a ryanodine receptor inhibitor, in preventing the release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum in diaphragmatic dysfunction and weakness was explored.

Methods: A middle-grade severity sepsis rat model was established for the effects of treatment with dantrolene, on diaphragm harvested 24 h after cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), and analyzed using functional, histologic, and biomarker assays.

The Effects of Molecular Properties on Ready Biodegradation of Aromatic Compounds in the OECD 301B CO2 Evolution Test.

Ready biodegradation is the primary biodegradability of a compound, which is used for discriminating whether a compound could be rapidly and readily biodegraded in the natural ecosystems in a short period and has been applied extensively in the environmental risk assessment of many chemicals. In this study, the effects of 24 molecular properties (including 2 physicochemical parameters, 10 geometrical parameters, 6 topological parameters, and 6 electronic parameters) on the ready biodegradation of 24 kinds of synthetic aromatic compounds were investigated using the OECD 301B CO2 Evolution test. The relationship between molecular properties and ready biodegradation of these aromatic compounds varied with molecular properties.

Novel roles of ginsenoside Rg3 in apoptosis through downregulation of epidermal growth factor receptor.

Ginsenoside Rg3 (Rg3), a pharmacologically active compound from red ginseng, has been reported to induce cell death in various cancer cell lines, although the specific mechanisms have not been well established. In the present study, Rg3 treatment to A549 human lung adenocarcinoma led to cell death via not only apoptotic pathways but also the downregulation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). We used cross-linker and cell enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays to show that Rg3 inhibited EGFR dimerization by EGF stimulation and caused EGFR internalization from the cell membrane.

A comparative study of biodegradability of a carcinogenic aromatic amine (4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane) with OECD 301 test methods.

4,4'-Diaminodiphenylmethane (MDA) is a widely used compound in industries. Studies on the biodegradability of MDA are necessary for environmental hazard identification and risk assessment. Previous studies have suggested that MDA was not readily biodegradable.

Antitumor activity of glycyrol via induction of cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and defective autophagy.

Glycyrol is a coumestan isolated from Glycyrrhiza uralensis and synthesized to use. In this study, the antitumor activity and the underlying mechanism of glycyrol were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. It was shown that glycyrol induced cell death associated with apoptosis and autophagy as evidenced by morphological changes in AGS and HCT 116 cells.

Cold ischemia-induced autophagy in rat lung tissue.

Autophagy is a highly conserved pathway that permits recycling of nutrients within the cell and is rapidly upregulated during starvation or cell stress. Autophagy has been implicated in the pathophysiological process of warm ischemia‑reperfusion injury in the rat lung. Cold ischemia (CI) preservation for lung transplantation also exhibits cell stress and nutrient deprivation, however, little is known with regard to the involvement of autophagy in this process.

Emission of odorous volatile organic compounds from a municipal manure treatment plant and their removal using a biotrickling filter.

Odorous volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from municipal manure treatment facilities are considered as a major nuisance issue for operators and nearby residents. In this study, up to 71 odorous VOCs were detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry at the manure treatment plant. These compounds can be classified into five different categories, including alkanes, olefins, aromatics, volatile organosulphur compounds and terpenes.

Separation of triterpenoid saponins from the root of Bupleurum falcatum by counter current chromatography: the relationship between the partition coefficients and solvent system composition.

A separation method using counter current chromatography coupled with an evaporative light-scattering detection system was developed to purify five triterpenoid saponins from the roots of Bupleurum falcatum. The methanol extract was loaded onto a Diaion® HP20 column and fractionated by a methanol and water gradient elution. The saikosaponin-enriched fraction was obtained by elution with 100% methanol.

Inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibition reverses pulmonary arterial dysfunction in lung transplantation.

Background: Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) after lung transplantation remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Lung IRI induces nitric oxide synthesis (iNOS) and reactive nitrogen species, decreasing nitric oxide bioavailability. We hypothesized that ischemia-induced iNOS intensifies with reperfusion and contributes to IRI-induced pulmonary arterial regulatory dysfunction, which may lead to early graft failure and cause pulmonary edema.

[Emission characteristics and safety evaluation of volatile organic compounds in manufacturing processes of automotive coatings].

Emission characteristics of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were investigated in an automotive coating manufacturing enterprise. Air samples were taken from eight different manufacturing areas in three workshops, and the species of VOCs and their concentrations were measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Safety evaluation was also conducted by comparing the concentration of VOCs with the permissible concentration-short term exposure limit (PC-STEL) regulated by the Ministry of Health.

Antitumor activity of jujuboside B and the underlying mechanism via induction of apoptosis and autophagy.

Jujuboside B (1) is one of the saponins isolated from the seeds of Zizyphus jujuba var. spinosa, which are used as a well-known traditional medicine for the treatment of insomnia and anxiety in East Asian countries. This is the first study to investigate the antitumor mechanism of 1 in vivo and in vitro.