Rescue of a wild-type rabies virus from cloned cDNA and assessment of the proliferative capacity of recombinant viruses.

Reverse genetic systems (RGS) have been widely used for fixed rabies virus (RABV) strains. However, RGS, for wild-type (wt) strains, have been seldom reported despite the value of this approach in defining the biological characteristics of these strains. In this work, we developed a wt RGS using a swine-origin RABV strain (GD-SH-01) for the first time.

Arresting simulated dentine caries with adjunctive application of silver nitrate solution and sodium fluoride varnish: an in vitro study.

Purpose: The aim of this in vitro study was to assess the ability of silver nitrate solution, followed by sodium fluoride varnish, to arrest caries.

Methods: Dentine slices were prepared and demineralised. Each slice was cut into three specimens for three groups (SF, SDF and W).

Dysregulated Autophagy in Hepatocytes Promotes Bisphenol A-Induced Hepatic Lipid Accumulation in Male Mice.

Accumulating evidence suggests that bisphenol A (BPA) exposure is associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Disruption of autophagy causes lipid accumulation in hepatocytes. Whether and how BPA regulates autophagy remains to be explored.

The interdependencies of viral load, the innate immune response, and clinical outcome in children presenting to the emergency department with respiratory syncytial virus-associated bronchiolitis.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes significant infant morbidity and mortality. For decades severe RSV-induced disease was thought to result from an uncontrolled host response to viral replication, but recent work suggests that a strong innate immune response early in infection is protective. To shed light on host-virus interactions and the viral determinants of disease, copy numbers of five RSV genes (NS1, NS2, N, G, F) were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in nasal wash samples from children with RSV-associated bronchiolitis.

Validity and Reliability of Value Assessment Frameworks for New Cancer Drugs.

Background: Several organizations have developed frameworks to systematically assess the value of new drugs. These organizations include the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO), the Institute for Clinical and Economic Review (ICER), and the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN).

Objectives: To understand the extent to which these four tools can facilitate value-based treatment decisions in oncology.

Phenotypic Consequences and of Rearranging the P Gene of RABV HEP-Flury.

Phosphoprotein (P) of the Rabies virus (RABV) is critically required for viral replication and pathogenicity. Here we manipulated infectious cDNA clones of the RABV HEP-Flury to translocate the P gene from its wild-type position 2 to 1, 3, or 4 in gene order, using an approach which left the viral nucleotide sequence unaltered. The recovered viruses were evaluated for the levels of gene expression, growth kinetics in cell culture, lethality in suckling mice and protection of mice.

Effect of Silver Diamine Fluoride and Potassium Iodide Treatment on Secondary Caries Prevention and Tooth Discolouration in Cervical Glass Ionomer Cement Restoration.

This study investigated the effect of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) and potassium iodide (KI) treatment on secondary caries prevention and tooth discolouration in glass ionomer cement (GIC) restoration. Cervical GIC restorations were done on 30 premolars with: Group 1, SDF + KI; Group 2, SDF (positive control); Group 3, no treatment (negative control). After cariogenic biofilm challenge, the demineralisation of dentine adjacent to the restoration was evaluated using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy.

Application of modified yeast surface display technologies for non-Antibody protein engineering.

Yeast surface display (YSD) system has been widely used in protein engineering since it was established 20 years ago. Combined with fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) technology and directed evolution, YSD has been proven of its extraordinary effectiveness for molecular engineering of various target proteins, especially for antibodies. Recently, a few remarkable efforts were exploited to modify the original Aga1-Aga2 YSD for the non-antibody protein engineering with successful outcomes, expanding its application on oxidase, Class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC-II), protease, sortase, lipoic acid ligase etc.

Functions of microRNA in seed development, dormancy and germination processes.

In plants, microRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non-coding small RNAs that play important roles in various biological processes, such as seed development, dormancy and germination. In these stages, seeds are regulated by various extrinsic environmental factors and intrinsic hormones. Different species of seeds have distinct development and dormancy characteristics.

Expression of interleukin-6 by a recombinant rabies virus enhances its immunogenicity as a potential vaccine.

Several studies have confirmed that interleukin-6 (IL6) mediates multiple biological effects that enhance immune responses when used as an adjuvant. In the present study, recombinant rabies virus (RABV) expressing canine IL6 (rHEP-CaIL6) was rescued and its pathogenicity and immunogenicity were investigated in mice. We demonstrated that mice received a single intramuscular immunization with rHEP-CaIL6 showed an earlier increase and higher maximum titres of virus-neutralizing antibody (VNA) as well as anti-RABV antibodies compared with mice immunized with the parent strain.

Efficacy of N-Acetylcysteine in Preventing Acute Kidney Injury After Cardiac Surgery: A Meta-Analysis Study.

Purpose: To evaluate whether perioperative N-acetylcysteine (NAC) administration reduces the risk of cardiac surgery associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI).

Materials And Methods: A systematic literature review (Medline, PubMed, Cochrane, Biomedical central, Google Scholar) identified 10 studies (1391 patients; 695 NAC and 696 placebo) that compared the efficacy and adverse effects of perioperative NAC administration for CSA-AKI prevention in adults undergoing elective cardiac surgery. Meta-analysis was performed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis statistical software.

Relapsed or Refractory Double-Expressor and Double-Hit Lymphomas Have Inferior Progression-Free Survival After Autologous Stem-Cell Transplantation.

Purpose Double-hit lymphomas (DHLs) and double-expressor lymphomas (DELs) are subtypes of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) associated with poor outcomes after standard chemoimmunotherapy. Data are limited regarding outcomes of patients with relapsed or refractory (rel/ref) DEL or DHL who undergo autologous stem-cell transplantation (ASCT). We retrospectively studied the prognostic impact of DEL and DHL status on ASCT outcomes in patients with rel/ref DLBCL.

Loss of the golgin GM130 causes Golgi disruption, Purkinje neuron loss, and ataxia in mice.

The Golgi apparatus lies at the heart of the secretory pathway where it is required for secretory trafficking and cargo modification. Disruption of Golgi architecture and function has been widely observed in neurodegenerative disease, but whether Golgi dysfunction is causal with regard to the neurodegenerative process, or is simply a manifestation of neuronal death, remains unclear. Here we report that targeted loss of the golgin GM130 leads to a profound neurological phenotype in mice.

Effects of different stresses on cardiac autonomic control and cardiovascular coupling.

The objective of this study was to investigate the impacts of different stresses on time-varying autonomic reactivity and cardiovascular coupling. In total, 25 male subjects were recruited. RR intervals (RRI), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP), stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO), and systemic vascular resistance (SVR) values were collected during rest, mental arithmetic task (MAT), and cold pressor test (CPT).

Prevention of secondary caries using silver diamine fluoride treatment and casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate modified glass-ionomer cement.

Objective: To study the effect of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) treatment and incorporating casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) into a glass-ionomer cement (GIC) to prevent secondary caries.

Method: A cervical cavity was prepared on 32 premolars for the following restoration groups: group 1, conventional GIC restoration; group 2, SDF (38%) treatment and conventional GIC restoration; group 3, CPP-ACP (3%) modified GIC; and group 4, SDF treatment and CPP-ACP modified GIC. The restored teeth were thermal-cycled before undergoing a multi-species cariogenic biofilm challenge.

An Intensive Observation of Calving at Helheim Glacier, East Greenland.

Calving of glacial ice into the ocean from the Greenland Ice Sheet is an important component of global sea level rise. The calving process itself is relatively poorly observed, understood, and modeled; as such, it represents a bottleneck in improving future global sea level estimates in climate models. We organized a pilot project to observe the calving process at Helheim Glacier in East Greenland in an effort to better understand it.

Facile preparation of a polydopamine-based monolith for multiple monolithic fiber solid-phase microextraction of triazine herbicides in environmental water samples.

A new multiple monolithic fiber solid-phase microextraction using a polydopamine-based monolith as the extraction medium is proposed. The monolith was synthesized by facile in situ copolymerization of N-methacryldopamine and dual cross-linkers (divinylbenzene/ethylenedimethacrylate) in the presence of N,N-dimethylformamide. The effect of the contents of N-methacryldopamine and porogen in the polymerization mixture on the extraction performance was investigated thoroughly.

Preparation of a new polymeric ionic liquid-based sorbent for stir cake sorptive extraction of trace antimony in environmental water samples.

In this work, a new polymeric ionic liquid (PIL)-based sorbent was prepared by in-situ polymerization of 3-(1-ethyl imidazolium-3-yl) propyl-methacrylamido bromide and ethylene dimethacrylate and was used as medium for stir cake sorptive extraction (SCSE) of trace antimony in environmental water samples. The sorbent EPBED was characterized with infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, scanning electron microscopy and mercury intrusion porosimetry. A method for determination of trace antimony in water samples was developed based on the combination of SCSE/EPBED and hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry (HG-AFS).

Inhibition of TNF-α-mediated NF-κB Activation by Ginsenoside Rg1 Contributes the Attenuation of Cardiac Hypertrophy Induced by Abdominal Aorta Coarctation.

Ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1), a protopanaxadiol saponin extracted from Chinese medicine Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer, has been demonstrated to inhibit the cardiac hypertrophy.

Clinical Trials of Silver Diamine Fluoride in Arresting Caries among Children: A Systematic Review.

This review aims to investigate the clinical effectiveness of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) in arresting dental caries among children. A systematic search of publications was conducted with the key words "silver diamine fluoride," "silver diammine fluoride," "silver fluoride," "diamine silver fluoride," or "diammine silver fluoride" as well as their translation in Chinese, Japanese, Portuguese, and Spanish in 7 databases: PubMed (English), Embase (English), Scopus (English), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (Chinese), Ichushi-web (Japanese), Biblioteca Virtual em Saude (Portuguese), and Biblioteca Virtual en Salud Espana (Spanish). Duplicated publications were deleted.

Membrane-associated GRP78 helps subgroup J avian leucosis virus enter cells.

We previously identified chicken Annexin A2 (chANXA2) as a novel receptor for retrovirus avian leucosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J), using a DF1 cell line expressing the viral envelope (env) protein. To further probe whether other proteins participate in virus infection, we investigated several host proteins from co-immunoprecipitation with the DF1 cell line expressing viral env. Mass spectrometry analysis indicates that the chicken glucose-regulation protein 78 (chGRP78) of the DF1 membrane interacted with the ALV-J env protein.

Effective extraction of triazines from environmental water samples using magnetism-enhanced monolith-based in-tube solid phase microextraction.

This article reports on the effective extraction of triazines from environmental water samples using magnetism-enhanced monolith-based in-tube solid phase microextraction (ME-MB/IT-SPME). Firstly, monolithic poly (octyl methacrylate-co-ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate) capillary column doped with magnetic nanoparticles was synthesized inside a fused silica. After that, the monolithic capillary column was placed inside a magnetic coil that allowed the exertion of a variable magnetic field during adsorption and desorption steps.

[Kidney disease in Sant' Andrea Hospital: a biopsy based epidemiologic study].

The aim of this retrospective study is to investigate the prevalence and pathological features of kidney inflammatory nephropathies diagnosed in Sant'Andrea Hospital, from January 2003 to April 2015. In this period, 246 kidney biopsies have been diagnosed in our Hospital. Excluding cases of kidney neoplasms and non-diagnostic samples, 195 cases were reviewed.

Surface Immobilization of Human Arginase-1 with an Engineered Ice Nucleation Protein Display System in E. coli.

Ice nucleation protein (INP) is frequently used as a surface anchor for protein display in gram-negative bacteria. Here, MalE and TorA signal peptides, and three charged polypeptides, 6×Lys, 6×Glu and 6×Asp, were anchored to the N-terminus of truncated INP (InaK-N) to improve its surface display efficiency for human Arginase1 (ARG1). Our results indicated that the TorA signal peptide increased the surface translocation of non-protein fused InaK-N and human ARG1 fused InaK-N (InaK-N/ARG1) by 80.