Value of parasternal long-axis vena contracta width for predicting severity of aortic regurgitation in left ventricular systolic dysfunction.

Correlations derived for the relations between parasternal long-axis vena contracta width and effective regurgitant orifice area, regurgitant volume, and regurgitant fraction were highly significant. A vena contracta width of <3.0 or >5.

The effects of nicotinamide on energy metabolism following transient focal cerebral ischemia in Wistar rats.

This study examined the effects of nicotinamide on adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and nicotinamide adenine (NAD) levels and poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) (poly(ADP-ribose)) polymerase activity following ischemia and reperfusion in ketamine pretreated rats. Nicotinamide was administered at the end of the ischemic period. Nicotinamide protected against the depletion of ATP and NAD at 6 and 24 h of reperfusion.

Nicotinamide therapy protects against both necrosis and apoptosis in a stroke model.

Background And Purpose: Nicotinamide protects against brain damage in ischemia-reperfusion. However, the dosage and time of treatment require clarification. It is also not clear if nicotinamide can protect against both necrosis and apoptosis.

Nicotinamide and ketamine reduce infarct volume and DNA fragmentation in rats after brain ischemia and reperfusion.

The possible ability of nicotinamide and ketamine to decrease infarction volume and DNA fragmentation was investigated in a middle cerebral artery occlusion rat model. DNA fragmentation was measured with an enzyme linked immunoassay. Control infarct volume was 223.