Effect of long-term high-fat feeding on the expression of pancreatic lipases and adipose tissue uncoupling proteins in mice.

Introduction: A diet containing a high amount of fat has been shown, in short-term studies, to increase the expression of pancreatic lipase and colipase.

Aim: To investigate the effects of long-term high-fat-feeding (113 days) on the mRNA expression of pancreatic lipase, colipase, pancreatic lipase-related proteins (1 and 2), and uncoupling proteins during the development of obesity and glucose intolerance.

Methodology: Mice were fed either a high-fat or standard diet and killed after 3, 13, 57, and 113 days.

Plasma enterostatin: identification and release in rats in response to a meal.

Objective: To discover a possible absorption and/or secretion of enterostatin into the circulating blood, as well as to compare the levels of circulating enterostatin after high-fat feeding and low-fat feeding.

Research Methods And Procedures: Using a specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, plasma enterostatin levels were determined after feeding a high-fat, a high-fat/-sucrose, or a low-fat meal to Sprague-Dawley rats deprived of food overnight.

Results: The enterostatin levels were increased by all diets; the response to the high-fat and the high-fat/-sucrose meals was greater in magnitude and duration than that to the low-fat meal.

C(2)-ceramide influences the expression and insulin-mediated regulation of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 3B and lipolysis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.

Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (PDE) 3B plays an important role in the antilipolytic action of insulin and, thereby, the release of fatty acids from adipocytes. Increased concentrations of circulating fatty acids as a result of elevated or unrestrained lipolysis cause insulin resistance. The lipolytic action of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha is thought to be one of the mechanisms by which TNF-alpha induces insulin resistance.