Tailored BiVO Photoanode Hydrophobic Microenvironment Enables Water Oxidative H O Accumulation.

Direct photoelectrochemical 2-electron water oxidation to renewable H O production on an anode increases the value of solar water splitting. BiVO has a theoretical thermodynamic activity trend toward highly selective water oxidation H O formation, but the challenges of competing 4-electron O evolution and H O decomposition reaction need to overcome. The influence of surface microenvironment has never been considered as a possible activity loss factor in the BiVO -based system.

Erratum: IRF7 inhibits the Warburg effect via transcriptional suppression of PKM2 in osteosarcoma: Erratum.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.65255.

Ectopic expression of a combination of 5 genes detects high risk forms of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Background: T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) defines a group of hematological malignancies with heterogeneous aggressiveness and highly variable outcome, making therapeutic decisions a challenging task. We tried to discover new predictive model for T-ALL before treatment by using a specific pipeline designed to discover aberrantly active gene.

Results: The expression of 18 genes was significantly associated with shorter survival, including ACTRT2, GOT1L1, SPATA45, TOPAZ1 and ZPBP (5-GEC), which were used as a basis to design a prognostic classifier for T-ALL patients.

IRF7 inhibits the Warburg effect via transcriptional suppression of PKM2 in osteosarcoma.

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a malignant bone tumor among adolescents and young adults. IRF7 belongs to the transcription factor family of interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) and has previously been described to function as a tumor suppressor in multiple cancer types. However, the biological functions and cellular mechanism of IRF7 in OS remain elusive.

Combined Schottky junction and doping effect in CdZnS@Au/BiVO Z-Scheme photocatalyst with boosted carriers charge separation for CO reduction by HO.

A Z-scheme photosystems combining Schottky junction and loading of applicable bandgap semiconductor is beneficial for enhancing the charge carriers' separation/transfer as well as maintain their excellent redox ability. Here, CdZnS@Au was in-situ deposited on the (010) facets of BiVO taking Au as a bridge for constructing a sandwich structure CdZnS@Au/BiVO Z-scheme photocatalyst. The electrons in BiVO (010) migrate unidirectionally to Au nanoparticles across the Schottky junction and effectively suppress opposite electrons flow, then be captured by the excited holes in CdZnS.

SREBP1 site 1 protease inhibitor PF-429242 suppresses renal cell carcinoma cell growth.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cells have increased lipogenesis and cholesterol synthesis. Sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 (SREBP1) is cleaved by site 1 protease (S1P) to release the transcriptionally active amino-terminal domain. PF-429242 is a potent and competitive S1P inhibitor.

Discovery and Optimization of Phosphopantetheine Adenylyltransferase Inhibitors with Gram-Negative Antibacterial Activity.

In the preceding manuscript [ Moreau et al. 2018 , 10.1021/acs.

Fragment-Based Drug Discovery of Inhibitors of Phosphopantetheine Adenylyltransferase from Gram-Negative Bacteria.

The discovery and development of new antibiotics capable of curing infections due to multidrug-resistant and pandrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria are a major challenge with fundamental importance to our global healthcare system. Part of our broad program at Novartis to address this urgent, unmet need includes the search for new agents that inhibit novel bacterial targets. Here we report the discovery and hit-to-lead optimization of new inhibitors of phosphopantetheine adenylyltransferase (PPAT) from Gram-negative bacteria.

Optimization of CoaD Inhibitors against Gram-Negative Organisms through Targeted Metabolomics.

Drug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria are of increasing concern worldwide. Novel antibiotics are needed, but their development is complicated by the requirement to simultaneously optimize molecules for target affinity and cellular potency, which can result in divergent structure-activity relationships (SARs). These challenges were exemplified during our attempts to optimize inhibitors of the bacterial enzyme CoaD originally identified through a biochemical screen.

Intermolecular interactions involving an acidic patch on immunoglobulin variable domain and the γ2 constant region mediate crystalline inclusion body formation in the endoplasmic reticulum.

Full-length immunoglobulins (Igs) are widely considered difficult to crystallize because of their large size, N-linked glycosylation, and flexible hinge region. However, numerous cases of intracellular Ig crystallization are reported in plasma cell dyscrasias. What makes some Ig clones more prone to crystallize during biosynthesis as well as the biochemical and cell biological requirements for this cryptic event are poorly understood.

Clinical Features and Prognosis Analysis of Hodgkin Lymphoma: A Multicenter Retrospective Study Over a Decade of Patients in China.

Objective: There is little information available regarding Chinese patients with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). We analyzed the clinical features, outcome, and prognostic factors of Chinese patients with HL, aiming to establish a new risk model for better risk-adapted therapeutic strategy.

Patients And Methods: Patients with newly diagnosed HL at 4 medical centers from January 2000 to August 2014 were recruited.

Prognostic value of clinicopathological characteristics in patients with pancreatic cancer.

Background: The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of all clinical characteristics on the overall survival time, in order to provide a basis for determining the prognostic factor of patients with pancreatic cancer.

Methods: A total of 103 pancreatic cancer patients were admitted to the Department of Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy of the Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, between January 2002 and December 2012. There were 68 men and 35 women; the median age was 62 years.

miR-34a regulates cisplatin-induce gastric cancer cell death by modulating PI3K/AKT/survivin pathway.

The purposes of this study were to determine the expression profiles of microRNA-34a (miR-34a) in human gastric cancer cell line (SGC-7901) and cisplatin-resistant cell lines (SGC-7901/DDP), and to establish the correlation between miR-34a expression profile and the sensitivity of human gastric cancer cell to cisplatin-based pattern, thereby providing new methods and strategies for treating gastric cancer. Gastric cancer cell line (SGC-7901) and cisplatin-resistant cell line (SGC-7901/DDP) were cultivated in vitro, respectively. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blot were utilized to determine the expression profiles of miR-34a and survivin in both gastric cancer cell lines.

Expression and regulatory function of miRNA-34a in targeting survivin in gastric cancer cells.

We aimed to investigate the expression of microRNA-34a (miR-34a) in human gastric cancer cells and to evaluate the effects of miR-34a, acting via its gene survivin, on gastric cancer cell HGC-27 to provide potential new strategies for treating gastric cancer. In vitro cultures of the human gastric cancer cell lines MGC80-3, HGC-27, NCI-N87, and SGC-7901 and the normal human gastric epithelial cell line GES-1 were established. The expression of miR-34a in each gastric cancer cell line and GES-1 normal human gastric epithelial cell line was detected using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).

Ultrasound-promoted intramolecular direct arylation in a capillary flow microreactor.

An intramolecular direct arylation of various aryl bromides was performed using ultrasonic irradiation and a continuous flow capillary microreactor. The present procedure provided a higher functional group tolerance, ligand-free, milder reaction conditions and a shorter reaction time for the direct arylation compared with the conventional methods. The ultrasonic irritation not only greatly promoted the conversion and selectivity of the direct arylation, but also solved the clogging problem of the microreactor for solid-forming reaction and made the reaction run smoothly.

Valproic acid exhibits biphasic effects on apoptotic cell death of activated lymphocytes through differential modulation of multiple signaling pathways.

Valproic acid (VPA), a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, possesses potent anti-tumor activity against a variety of malignant cells. However, its action on lymphocytes and the underlying mechanism are not completely understood. In this study, we aimed to analyze the effects of VPA on the proliferation, activation, and apoptosis of murine lymphocytes activated with concanavalin A (ConA).

Using detection of survivin-expressing circulating tumor cells in peripheral blood to predict tumor recurrence following curative resection of gastric cancer.

Background And Objectives: The present study was designed to investigate the clinicopathological role of survivin-expressing circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and to determine whether the presence of survivin-expressing CTCs is an independent predictor of tumor recurrence following curative resection of gastric cancer.

Methods: This study included 98 patients who underwent potentially curative resection. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (RT-PCR ELISA) was used to measure survivin mRNA in peripheral blood.

Quinoxaline derivative of oleanolic acid inhibits osteoclastic bone resorption and prevents ovariectomy-induced bone loss.

Objective: Through bioassay-guided natural product research, it has been discovered that oleanolic acid and its glycosides possess an antibone resorption activity. Quinoxaline derivative of oleanolic acid (QOA-8a), a novel compound, is sourced from a structural modification of oleanolic acid. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the activities of QOA-8a on bone resorption in vitro and its osteoprotective effect in vivo.

Synthesis of a novel series of diphenolic chromone derivatives as inhibitors of NO production in LPS-activated RAW264.7 macrophages.

A novel series of diphenolic chromone derivatives were synthesized and their inhibitory activity on nitric oxide (NO) production and cytotoxicity were evaluated using LPS-activated murine macrophages RAW264.7 assay and MTT method, respectively. Among these compounds, (5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl) methyl esters (6b, 6c, 6f, 6g, and 6h) showed quite potent inhibitory activities with IC(50) values of 2.

A phase II study of paclitaxel and nedaplatin as first-line chemotherapy in patients with advanced esophageal cancer.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and toxicity of the combination of paclitaxel and nedaplatin as a first-line chemotherapy for patients with advanced esophageal cancer.

Methods: Patients with advanced esophageal cancer received 175 mg/m(2) of paclitaxel over a 3 h infusion, followed by nedaplatin 80 mg/m(2) in a 1 h infusion on day 1 every 3 weeks until the documented disease progression, unacceptable toxicity or patient's refusal.

Results: Between March 2005 and December 2007, 48 patients entered in the study.

Phase II trial of infusional fluorouracil, leucovorin, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan (FOLFOXIRI) as first-line treatment for advanced gastric cancer.

The efficacy of chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer with palliative intent compared with supportive care alone is now widely accepted. However, the best choice of chemotherapy regimen for patients with advanced gastric cancer is still a matter of controversy and requires further investigation. This study is performed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the FOLFOXIRI regimen (oxaliplatin 85 mg/m as a 2-h intravenous infusion, irinotecan 165 mg/m as a 90-min infusion, leucovorin 200 mg/m as a 2-h infusion, 5-fluorouracil 3200 mg/m as a 48-h continuous infusion on day 1, every 2 weeks) as first-line treatment for advanced gastric cancer.

Sulfated polymannuroguluronate, a novel anti-acquired immune deficiency syndrome drug candidate, decreased vulnerability of PC12 cells to human immunodeficiency virus tat protein through attenuating calcium overload.

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection of the central nervous system occurs in the vast majority of HIV-infected patients. HIV-associated dementia (HAD) represents the most severe form of HIV-related neuropsychiatric impairment. The pathogenesis of HAD is mediated by disruption of neuronal cell signal pathways, which ultimately triggers neuronal apoptosis.

Acidic oligosaccharide sugar chain, a marine-derived oligosaccharide, activates human glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor signaling.

Gial derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) modulates neuronal cell differentiation during development and protects against neurodegeneration by preventing apoptosis at maturity. GDNF's role in tissue maintenance has generated interest in the therapeutic potential of GDNF in treating neurological disorders such as Parkinson's disease. Heparan sulfate has been shown to be essential for GDNF signaling and altering the levels of heparan sulfate promotes or inhibits GDNF functional activity.

[In vitro chemo-sensitivity MTT assay guided intraperitoneal chemotherapy for malignant ascites].

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of intraperitoneal chemotherapy for malignant ascites caused by different types of abdominal cancers guided by chemo-sensitivity methyl tetrojolium coloremetric (MTT) assay in vitro.

Methods: Cancer cells in the malignant ascites were collected for MTT assay to determine the chemo-sensitivity. The drug producing the highest or the second highest inhibition rate was selected for intraperitoneal chemotherapy.