Investigation and Discrimination of Ballpoint Pen Inks by Analytical Techniques and Chemometrics.

A population study has been performed for Pakistani ballpoint pen inks of blue, black, red, and green colors (a total of four colors) commercially used in Pakistan. Ballpoint pen inks have been investigated and discriminated by using UV/Vis spectroscopy and FTIR spectroscopy. We have calculated and compared the results in terms of discriminating power (DP).

Discrimination of Pakistani Fountain Pen Inks by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS).

In developing countries, the chances of fraud in written documents are comparatively high. Therefore, comparison of fountain pen inks is especially imperative in examination of forensic questioned documents. We have investigated the use of the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry technique in profiling and discrimination of fountain pen ink used in Pakistan for forensic purpose.

Forensic Discrimination Potential of Blue, Black, Green, and Red Colored Fountain Pen Inks Commercially Used in Pakistan, by UV/Visible Spectroscopy, Thin Layer Chromatography, and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy.

Examination and comparison of fountain pen inks are very important in forensic questioned documents examination in developing countries where the chances of fraud are greater in cases of cheques, marriage papers, entry of birth and death, etc. In this study, fountain pen inks of blue, black, green, and red colours that are commercially used in Pakistan have been discriminated by UV-Vis spectroscopy, TLC, and FTIR spectroscopy. We have calculated and compared the results in terms of discriminating power.

Application potential of grapefruit peel as dye sorbent: kinetics, equilibrium and mechanism of crystal violet adsorption.

This study reports the sorption of crystal violet (CV) dye by grapefruit peel (GFP), which has application potential in the remediation of dye-contaminated wastewaters using a solid waste generated by the citrus fruit juice industry. Batch adsorption of CV was conducted to evaluate the effect of initial pH, contact time, temperature, initial dye concentration, GFP adsorbent dose, and removal of the adsorbate CV dye from aqueous solution to understand the mechanism of sorption involved. Sorption equilibrium reached rapidly with 96% CV removal in 60 min.