Stroke risk in radial versus femoral approach in coronary intervention: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aim: Peri-cardiac catheterization (CC) stroke is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Little is known about any potential difference in stroke risk between transradial (TR) and transfemoral (TF) approaches. We explored this question through a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Novel machine learning models for flow imaging microscopy sub-visible particle classification in protein formulations.

Understanding the particulate content of formulated drug products is essential for ensuring patient safety. In particular, it is critical to assess the presence of aggregated proteins or extraneous particles (e.g.

Potent anthelmintic activity of a colloidal nano-silver formulation (Silversol) against the model worm Caenorhabditis elegans.

Objective: In the background of a very small number of effective anthelmintics available today with a narrow activity spectrum, and a rise in resistance against them among parasitic helminths, there is an urgent need for discovery of novel broad-spectrum anthelmintics displaying no or minimal toxicity towards the host. Silver being used since centuries for therapeutic purposes and considered safe for human consumption, we investigated anthelmintic activity of a colloidal nanosilver formulation Silversol®. Anthelmintic efficacy of the test formulation was assayed employing the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans as a model worm through a live-dead count.

Trace amine-induced vasoconstriction of human mammary artery and saphenous vein.

Sympathomimetic amines, including β-phenylethylamine (PEA), constrict animal blood vessels but their mechanism of action is not now thought to be through α-adrenoceptors and release of noradrenaline but via trace amine-associated receptors (TAARs). This information is not available for human blood vessels. Functional studies were therefore performed on human arteries and veins to establish whether they constrict to PEA and whether any constrictions are adrenoceptor-mediated.

A localized hydrogel-mediated chemotherapy causes immunogenic cell death via activation of ceramide-mediated unfolded protein response.

Treatment of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is challenging because of its "COLD" tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment (TIME). Here, we present a hydrogel-mediated localized delivery of a combination of docetaxel (DTX) and carboplatin (CPT) (called DTX-CPT-Gel therapy) that ensured enhanced anticancer effect and tumor regression on multiple murine syngeneic and xenograft tumor models. DTX-CPT-Gel therapy modulated the TIME by an increase of antitumorigenic M1 macrophages, attenuation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and increase of granzyme BCD8 T cells.

Is Old (Fludrabine/Busulfan/Cyclophosphamide/rAntiThymocyteGlobulin) Conditioning Still Gold for Allogeneic Transplants in Transfusion Dependent Beta-Thalassemia of All Risk Categories in 21st Century?

Allogeneic stem cell transplant (allo-SCT) is the only curative option for transfusion dependent thalassemia (TDT) until the gene therapy could bring paradigm shift. We analysed TDT allo-SCTs performed with Flu/Bu/Cy/rATG conditioning between October 2018 and April 2022 at our center. A retrospective analysis of 55 consecutive HLA matched alloSCT for TDT and was approved by hospital's Institutional Review Board.

Advance Care Planning in India: Current status and future directions. A short narrative review.

India is undergoing economic, demographic and epidemiologic transitions. The healthcare industry is expanding rapidly as the burden of non-communicable diseases increases. The Indian Supreme Court [1] has recently enabled Advance Medical Directives (AMD).

Ganaplacide (KAF156) plus lumefantrine solid dispersion formulation combination for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria: an open-label, multicentre, parallel-group, randomised, controlled, phase 2 trial.

Background: Emergence of drug resistance demands novel antimalarial drugs with new mechanisms of action. We aimed to identify effective and well tolerated doses of ganaplacide plus lumefantrine solid dispersion formulation (SDF) in patients with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria.

Methods: This open-label, multicentre, parallel-group, randomised, controlled, phase 2 trial was conducted at 13 research clinics and general hospitals in ten African and Asian countries.

CLIC4 Regulates Endothelial Barrier Control by Mediating PAR1 Signaling via RhoA.

Background: Endothelial CLICs (chloride intracellular channel proteins) CLIC1 and CLIC4 are required for the GPCRs (G-protein-coupled receptors) S1PR1 (sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1) and S1PR3 to activate the small GTPases Rac1 (Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1) and RhoA (Ras homolog family member A). To determine whether CLIC1 and CLIC4 function in additional endothelial GPCR pathways, we evaluated CLIC function in thrombin signaling via the thrombin-regulated PAR1 (protease-activated receptor 1) and downstream effector RhoA.

Methods: We assessed the ability of CLIC1 and CLIC4 to relocalize to cell membranes in response to thrombin in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).

A Needs Assessment of Older Bangladeshi Immigrants in New York During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Though immigrants from Bangladesh are a fast-growing and under-resourced immigrant community in the United States, little has been studied about their overall health and social needs. Older immigrant adults from Bangladesh are at increased risk for adverse effects from the COVID-19 pandemic, as they have existing risk factors for isolation including language barriers and more recent immigration. This study examined measures of health and connectedness amongst 297 South Asian adults in New York City who were 60 years or older using a phone-based survey instrument.

Fabrication of thin Molybdenum backed target using rolling method.

A successful attempt was made to fabricate a thin foil of natural Mo target on a thick Au backing with Indium in between to improve adhesion between the foils. Rolling at elevated temperature was considered to fabricate Mo foil while gold foil was fabricated employing conventional rolling technique. The heating of Mo foil under natural environment lead to the oxidation or carbonization on foil surface which was confirmed through Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) measurements.

Clinical and Epidemiological Interventions for Monkeypox Management in Children: A Systematic Review.

This review aims to compile the available literature on monkeypox, identify risk factors for developing the disease, and recommend effective preventative methods to reduce the number of reported cases and fatalities in children and pregnant women. In seeking out pertinent studies on monkeypox virus in children and pregnant women, we searched the literature using the databases Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Scopus up to 1st February 2023. This study analyzed data from case studies of monkeypox in children and pregnant women.

Reasons for Failure of CAD/CAM Restorations in Clinical Studies: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Aim: The systematic review presented herein was performed to descriptively analyze the causes for the failure of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacture (CAD/CAM) restorations. The meta-analysis reported herein was performed to estimate long-term survival and success rates of CAD-CAM fabrications.

Materials And Methods: Using the PICOS paradigm, a systematic search was carried out in the PubMed and Cochrane databases to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and prospective observational studies reporting survival data for CAD/CAM restorations.

Characterization of an ADP-Ribosylation Protein Domain and Role of Post-Translational Modification during Chikungunya Virus Infection.

Poly ADP-ribose polymerases (PARPs) catalyze ADP-ribosylation, a subclass of post-translational modification (PTM). Mono-ADP-ribose (MAR) moieties bind to target molecules such as proteins and nucleic acids, and are added as part of the process which also leads to formation of polymer chains of ADP-ribose. ADP-ribosylation is reversible; its removal is carried out by ribosyl hydrolases such as PARG (poly ADP-ribose glycohydrolase), TARG (terminal ADP-ribose protein glycohydrolase), macrodomain, etc.

Revival of Brock's Operation for Intermediary Palliation of Fallot's Tetralogy in Children Anatomically Unsuitable for One-Stage Total Correction of the Anomaly: Interim Results of Two Cases.

One-stage total correction is known to be anatomically unsuitable for correcting tetralogy of fallot (TOF) in a certain proportion of children. Surgeons are thus faced with dilemmas regarding which preliminary operation for the anomaly to do first. Brock's primary postulation suggests that pulmonary trunk and annulus enlargement leading to the correction of the outflow obstruction will favor the subsequent total correction.

Detecting Mild Phonotrauma in Daily Life.

Objective: The aim of this study was to gain quantitative insights into the role of daily voice use associated with mild phonotrauma via the Daily Phonotrauma Index (DPI), a measure derived from neck-surface acceleration magnitude (NSAM) and difference between the first two harmonic magnitudes (H1 - H2).

Methods: An ambulatory voice monitor recorded weeklong voice use for 151 female patients with phonotraumatic vocal hyperfunction (PVH) and 181 female vocally healthy controls. Three laryngologists rated phonotrauma severity from each patient's laryngoscopy.

Type 2 diabetes alters the viscoelastic behavior and macromolecular composition of vertebra.

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) affects the functional behavior of vertebra bone by altering its structural and mechanical properties. The vertebral bones are responsible to carry the body weight and it remains under prolonged constant load which results to viscoelastic deformation. The effect of T2D on the viscoelastic behavior of vertebral bone is not well explored yet.

Oral Care Associated With Less Microaspiration in Ventilated Cardiac Patients.

Unlabelled: Aspiration is common in mechanically ventilated patients and may predispose patients to aspiration pneumonia, chemical pneumonitis, and chronic lung damage. Pepsin A is a specific marker of gastric fluid aspiration and is often detected in ventilated pediatric patients. We investigated the effect of oral care and throat suctioning in the detection of pepsin A in tracheal aspirates (TAs) up to 4 hours after these procedures.

Piezo1 induces endothelial responses to shear stress via soluble adenylyl Cyclase-IPR2 circuit.

Endothelial cells (ECs) continuously sense and adapt to changes in shear stress generated by blood flow. Here, we show that the activation of the mechanosensitive channel Piezo1 by defined shear forces induces Ca entry into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) via the ER Ca ATPase pump. This entry is followed by inositol trisphosphate receptor 2 (IPR2)-elicited ER Ca release into the cytosol.

SERS Nanowire Chip and Machine Learning-Enabled Classification of Wild-Type and Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria at Species and Strain Levels.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major health threat worldwide and the culture-based bacterial detection methods are slow. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) can be used to identify target analytes in real time with sensitivity down to the single-molecule level, providing a promising solution for the culture-free bacterial detection. We report the fabrication of SERS substrates having tightly packed silver (Ag) nanoparticles loaded onto long silicon nanowires (Si NWs) grown by the metal-assisted chemical etching (MACE) method for the detection of bacteria.

Dorzolamide suppresses PKCδ -TIRAP-p38 MAPK signaling axis to dampen the inflammatory response.

Sepsis is a syndrome due to microbial infection causing impaired multiorgan function. Its underlying cause is immune dysfunction and macrophages play an essential role. TIRAP interaction with PKCδ in macrophage was studied, revealing downstream signaling by Western blot and quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR.

Survey and Evaluation of Hypertension Machine Learning Research.

Background Machine learning (ML) is pervasive in all fields of research, from automating tasks to complex decision-making. However, applications in different specialities are variable and generally limited. Like other conditions, the number of studies employing ML in hypertension research is growing rapidly.

Non-psychoactive Cannabidiol Prevents Osteoporosis in an Animal Model and Increases Cell Viability, Proliferation, and Osteogenic Gene Expression in Human Skeletal Stem and Progenitor Cells.

Cannabidiol (CBD), the non-psychoactive component of the Cannabis sativa plant, is marketed as a potential therapeutic agent and has been studied for its roles in reducing inflammation and managing neuropathic pain. Some studies have reported that CB1 and CB2 receptor activation can attenuate and reverse bone loss in experimental animal models. Despite this, little is known about the impact of CBD on fracture healing.