Quercetin and Catechin Protects Leptin-Deficient Lep Mice Against Alloxan-Induced Diabetes and Hepatotoxicity via Suppression of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation.

Background: The study focuses on evaluating the combined effects of quercetin (QCT) and catechin (CAT), both plant-based antioxidants, on alloxan-induced liver toxicity and diabetes in leptin-deficient (Lep) mice. Diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin secretion or insulin resistance.

Methods: Thirty mice were divided into five groups of 6, including: normal control, diabetic control, diabetic mice treated with 150 mg/kg CAT, diabetic mice treated with 150 mg/kg QCT, and diabetic mice treated with 150 mg/kg CAT, and 150 mg/kg QCT for seven days.

Quinic acid alleviates liver toxicity induced by acetaminophen in mice via anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects.

Acetaminophen (N-acetyl-para-aminophenol: APAP)-induced hepatotoxicity is a common toxicity that is associated with oxidative stress and inflammation. Quinic acid (QA) is a naturally occurring metabolite that exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In this research, the effect of QA on hepatotoxicity caused by APAP was investigated.

In vitro and in vivo evidence of the effectiveness of gallic acid on glycerol-induced acute kidney injuries.

Because acute kidney injuries (AKI) are one of the critical health problems worldwide, studies on the risk factors, mechanisms, and treatment strategies seem necessary. Glycerol (GLY), known to induce cell necrosis via myoglobin accumulation in renal tubules, is widely used as an AKI model. This study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of gallic acid (GA) against GLY-induced AKI.

Epicatechin ameliorates glucose intolerance and hepatotoxicity in sodium arsenite-treated mice.

Arsenic is a metalloid found in the environment that causes toxic effects in different organs, mainly the liver. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of epicatechin (EC), a natural flavonol, on glucose intolerance (GI) and liver toxicity caused by sodium arsenite (SA) in mice. Our findings showed that SA exposure led to the development of GI.

Relationship Between Arsenic in Biological Media and Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Arsenic (As) is an environmental pollutant with carcinogenic effects and breast cancer (BC) is a prevalent malignant tumor in women. The goal of this meta-analysis was to establish a connection between biological sample As levels and the risk of developing BC. Pub Med, Web of Science, Scopus, and Elsevier were used to systematically screen the literature published between 1990 and 2023.

Metformin alleviates sodium arsenite-induced hepatotoxicity and glucose intolerance in mice by suppressing oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis.

Background: Epidemiological studies have shown that exposure to sodium arsenite (NaAsO) causes diabetes and hepatotoxicity. Metformin (MET), an oral hypoglycemic agent, has long been used in diabetes therapy. In addition, MET has been shown to have hepatoprotective effects.

Hepatoprotective and anti-hyperglycemic effects of ferulic acid in arsenic-exposed mice.

Arsenic is a toxic metalloid that increases the risk of hepatotoxicity and hyperglycemia. The objective of the present study was to assess the effect of ferulic acid (FA) in mitigating glucose intolerance and hepatotoxicity caused by sodium arsenite (SA). A total of six groups including control, FA 100 mg/kg, SA 10 mg/kg, and groups that received different doses of FA (10, 30, and 100 mg/kg), respectively just before SA (10 mg/kg) for 28 days were examined.

Diosmin exerts hepatoprotective and antihyperglycemic effects against sodium arsenite-induced toxicity through the modulation of oxidative stress and inflammation in mice.

Background: Chronic exposure to high concentrations of inorganic arsenic (NaAsO) in drinking water is related to an increase in the risk of liver toxicity and diabetes. Diosmin has various pharmacological properties, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This study was designed to investigate the protective effects of diosmin on diabetes and hepatotoxicity caused by NaAsO.

l-carnitine protects rat hepatocytes from oxidative stress induced by T-2 toxin.

Context: Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are thought to be the main mechanism of T-2 toxin toxicity. T-2 toxin is the most potent trichothecene mycotoxin which is present in agricultural products. L-carnitine, besides its anti-oxidative properties, facilitates the transportation of long-chain fatty acids in to mitochondrial matrix.

Determination of the mutagenicity potential of dillsun herbal medicine by single cell gel electrophoresis in rat hepatocytes.

Background: Traditional medicines are among the oldest medicines and their extensive use in the recent years reflects the public's interest in alternatives to conventional medicine.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the genotoxicity of Dillsun herbal medicine in DNA damage of rat hepatocytes compared to sodium dichromate using a comet assay technique.

Materials And Methods: Male Wistar rats were caught and their liver was washed with a perfusion buffer, followed by another wash with collagenase buffer.

Synthesis and evaluation of the anxiolytic activity of some phthalimide derivatives in mice model of anxiety.

The aim of the present study was to synthesis a series of phthalimides based on our previous works and examine their anxiolytic properties. Using a three steps process, phthalimides were prepared from the corresponding di-methyl phthalate derivatives. Phthalic anhydride was nitrated to produce 3-nitrophthalic acid.