This report describes the rare co-occurrence of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) French-American-British type M2 in a 4.5-year-old boy with previously diagnosed thalassemia major, an inherited hemoglobinopathy, typically presenting with severe, transfusion-dependent anemia. Chronic transfusions, though lifesaving, can lead to iron overload, which may generate free radicals and potentially contribute to malignancy.
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