Comparison of serum 25(OH) vitamin D, parathormone and immunity marker concentrations between dogs with transmissible venereal tumour and healthy dogs.

Background: 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH) D) is vital in the homeostasis of calcium and bone health as well as in the prevention of many disorders such as neoplasms. Epidemiological data show that low concentrations of both 1,25(OH) D and its precursor 25(OH) vitamin D (25(OH)D) are associated with an increased risk of a variety of human tumours.

Objectives: To investigate 25(OH)D, parathormone (PTH) and immunity marker concentrations in dogs with transmissible venereal tumour (TVT).

Association of precalving serum NEFA concentrations with postpartum diseases and reproductive performance in multiparous Holstein cows: Cut-off values.

Background: High concentrations of NEFA relative to a defined reference or 'cut-point' values before calving can predict the risk of specific or collective periparturient disease events.

Objectives: A field-based cohort study was conducted to evaluate the value and critical points of serum nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) at the precalving time to predict the occurrence of postpartum diseases and reproductive performance in dairy cows.

Methods: Blood samples were taken from 521 high-yielding dairy cows at 1 week (±3 days) before calving and NEFA levels were measured.

Variations of some adipokines, pro-inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress biomarkers, and energy characteristics during the transition period in dairy cows.

Limited information exists about the relationship of adipose tissue with inflammation, oxidative stress, and energy metabolism during the transition period in dairy cows. The objective of this study was to assess the changes and relation of some adipokines, cytokines, oxidative biomarkers, and serum biochemical parameters related to energy balance (EB) in cows during the transition period. Thirty multiparous Holstein cows were selected based on estimated parturition date, and blood samples were collected from jugular vein on one-week prepartum and one and three weeks postpartum and used to measure the parameters.

The effects of age, sex, breed, diet, reproductive status and housing condition on the amounts of 25(OH) vitamin D in the serum of healthy dogs: Reference values.

Background: Optimal amount of vitamin D for the proper functioning of the immune system is different from the required vitamin D amount for bones to prevent rickets. However, reports on vitamin D reference values in dogs are minimal, and there is still not enough information regarding the relationship between vitamin D and various variables such as disease, age, breed, diet type, and so on, as well as its relationship with haematological and serum biochemical parameters.

Obgectives: The present study aimed to determine reference values of 25(OH) Vit D in dogs and its concentration in different groups, categorized based on age, sex, breed, housing conditions, and diet, as well as 25(OH) Vit D relationship with hematology and serum biochemistry parameters.

Effects of Various Anticoagulants on Biochemistry Analytes From Domestic Pigeons ().

The objective of this study was to compare the effects of anticoagulant and no anticoagulant on routine biochemical analytes in domestic pigeons (). Blood samples were obtained from 8 clinically healthy pigeons. The sample obtained from each bird was divided into 4 blood collection tubes containing either ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), lithium heparin, sodium citrate, or no anticoagulant.

Effects of vitamin D3 injection in close-up period on insulin resistance and energy balance in transition dairy cows.

Background: Many studies in dairy cows are towards calcium homeostasis and there is a lack of knowledge about the effect of vitamin D in preventing insulin resistance and improving energy balance in the transition period of dairy cows.

Methods: The trial was conducted in a commercial dairy farm with about 1500 lactating cows in Tehran province, Iran. Twenty-four Holstein cows had been randomly selected and divided into control and treatment groups.

Osteochondrosis dissecans (OCD) in horses: hormonal and biochemical study (19 cases).

To investigate the hormonal and biochemical profiles of horses with osteochondrosis dissecans (OCD), serum insulin, cortisol, triiodothyronine, thyroxine, fasting blood glucose (FBG), cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), high- and low-density lipoproteins, albumin and uric acid were measured in horses definitely diagnosed with OCD (n=19) as well as clinically normal horses (n=18). Proxies representing insulin sensitivity [reciprocal of square root of insulin concentration (RISQI)] and beta cell responsiveness [modified insulin to glucose ratio (MIRG)] were calculated. Body fat percent (BF%) was estimated according to fat depth over the rump using ultrasonography.

Age-related changes in thyroid hormones, some serum oxidative biomarkers and trace elements and their relationships in healthy Saanen goat kids during the first three month of age.

Background: Early-life diseases in dairy animals are main causes of economic loss in livestock production. Oxidative stress (OS) and thyroid hormones are important inter-related components in the normal physiology of this critical period of life. However, limited information regarding their physiology in goat kids is available.

Supplementation of overripe pulp extract and green peel extract or powder of banana fruit peel (musa. cavendish) to diets of neonatal dairy calves: Effects on haematological, immunological and performance characteristics.

The present study investigated the effects of overripe pulp and green peel extract and powder of banana fruit (Musa. cavendish) on haematological, biochemical, immunological, health, and performance of Holstein dairy calves. In all, 40 newborn calves were randomly divided into four groups of 10 animals.

The Effects of Parenteral Iron Administration on Thyroid Hormones, Hematology, Oxidative Stress Characteristics, Performance, and Health in Neonatal Holstein Calves.

The present study investigated the effect of iron supplementation on thyroid hormones concentrations, oxidative stress characteristics, complete blood count (CBC) and serum biochemistry, and performance and health in calves of two groups: test group (n = 17, intramuscular injection of 500 mg iron-dextran on the 2nd day of life) and control group (n = 17, intramuscular injection of normal saline at the same time). Blood samples were taken from all of the calves instantly after birth and at 7, 14, 21, 28, and 90 days of age. Duration of treatment for diseases, body weight, height, and length were measured at each sampling time to evaluate growth and health.

Colostrum fails to prevent bovine/camelid neonatal neutrophil damage from AFB.

Exposure to environmental toxicants that affect the immune system and overall health of many mammals is mostly unavoidable. One of the more common substances is the mycotoxins, especially carcinogenic aflatoxin (AF)B which also causes immune suppression/dysregulation in exposed hosts. The present study analyzed the effects of naturally occurring levels of AFB on apoptosis of healthy bovine and camelid neonatal neutrophils (PMN) that were isolated both before and after host consumption of colostrum.

Bacterial ghost of avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC) serotype O78:K80 as a homologous vaccine against avian colibacillosis.

Avian Colibacillosis is among the major causes of economic loss in the poultry industry worldwide, with a more vivid impact on developing countries. The involvement of several bacteria has made it challenging to develop effective vaccines for this disease, particularly because it is notoriously difficult to make a vaccine that contains all the contributing pathogenic bacteria. Here, we report the design and fabrication of a bacterial ghost (BG) of E.

Relationships between oxidative stress, haematology and iron profile in anaemic and non-anaemic calves.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between oxidative stress, haematology and iron profile in neonatal dairy calves. Serum and haemolysate malondialdehyde (MDA), serum total antioxidant capacity, thiol groups, iron, total iron binding capacity, transferrin saturation and red blood cell (RBC) parameters were assessed in two groups: anaemic calves (n=14) and non-anaemic calves (n=16). Blood samples were collected from all of the calves within 24-48 hours after birth and at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of age.

Experimental Theileria lestoquardi infection in sheep: Biochemical and hematological changes.

Malignant theileriosis (Theileria lestoquardi infection) is a hemoparasitic tick-borne disease that affects both wild and domestic small ruminants. The aim of this study was to evaluate biochemical and hematological characteristics of sheep after being experimentally infected by T. lestoquardi.

An experimental ovine Theileriosis: The effect of Theileria lestoquardi infection on cardiovascular system in sheep.

The malignant ovine theileriosis is caused by Theileria lestoquardi, which is highly pathogenic in sheep. Theileriosis involves different organs in ruminants, but the effect of the disease on the cardiovascular system is unclear. To understand the pathogenesis of T.

Seroprevalence and Risk Factors of Ehrlichia canis Infection among Companion Dogs of Mashhad, North East of Iran, 2009-2010.

Background: The aims of this study were to determine the seroprevalence of canine ehrlichiosis and risk factors of this disease in companion dogs' population of Mashhad, North East of Iran. Canine Monocytic Ehrlichiosis (CME) is a zoonotic disease transmitted by ticks, Rhipicephalus sanguineus, and caused by an obligate intracellular bacterium, Ehrlichia canis.

Methods: During September 2009 until November 2010, 250 companion dogs from Mashhad, North-East of Iran, were examined for serum antibody detection against E.

Effects of Dexamethasone and Insulin Alone or in Combination on Energy and Protein Metabolism Indicators and Milk Production in Dairy Cows in Early Lactation - A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objectives: This study investigated the effects of dexamethasone and insulin, when administered at 3rd or 10th day of lactation on energy and protein metabolism in dairy cows.

Materials And Methods: Two hundred Holstein cows were enrolled in a randomized controlled clinical trial. The cows were randomly assigned to receive 1 of 4 treatments at 3 or 10 days in milk: control group, 10-mL i.

Clinical, laboratory and pathological findings in sub-acute monensin intoxication in goats.

Toxic effects of monensin, a polyether antibiotic mainly used as a coccidiostat, have been described in a wide range of animals. The present study was performed to investigate the toxic effects of monensin in goats. Seven adult goats were administered sodium monensin, 13.

Transabdominal ultrasonography of the ruminal mucosa as a tool to diagnose subacute ruminal acidosis in adult dairy bulls: a pilot study.

Subacute rumen acidosis (SARA) is frequently encountered in ruminants on high-concentrate rations and characterized by mild to moderate rumen pH depression. Although the measurement of rumen pH is considered as a gold standard approach to diagnose SARA, rumen fluid collection is conceived as a cumbersome and invasive procedure. In the present study, the suitability of transabdominal ultrasonography to identify structural changes of the rumen mucosa associated with SARA was explored.

Evaluation of copper concentration in subclinical cases of white muscle disease and its relationship with cardiac troponin I.

The present study aims to evaluate the serum level of copper (Cu) in lambs suffering from subclinical forms of white muscle disease (WMD) and its relationship with cardiac troponin I (cTn-I) as a novel biomarker of cardiovascular disorders. Ten milliliters of jugular blood were taken from 200 lambs less than one year old to measure serum concentrations of Cu, selenium (Se), and cTn-I. The subjects were divided into 2 groups, namely, the deficient group which included 36 lambs, and the control group which included 164 lambs according to the reference serum Se concentration (50 ng/mL).

Serum troponin I as an indicator of myocarditis in lambs affected with foot and mouth disease.

Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious viral disease of cloven-hooved livestock and wildlife results to relatively high mortality in young animals. Despite the numerous reports of FMD-related death in neonates, there is little data available on various aspects of FMD in lambs. This report describes myocarditis associated with FMD in five, one week to three months old lambs.

Effects of monensin on metabolism and production in dairy saanen goats in periparturient period.

This trial evaluated the effects of dietary supplementation with monensin sodium on dry matter intake, metabolic parameters and milk yield and milk composition of dairy Saanen goats in the periparturient period. Twelve Saanen pregnant dairy goats were assigned to a treatment and a control group. Saanen goats were fed monensin as its 10% sodium salt in the amount of 33 mg/kg of total dry matter intake during 30 d before parturition till d 42 in milk.

The therapeutic effect of Tarentula cubensis extract (Theranekron®) in foot-and-mouth disease in cattle: a randomised trial in an endemic setting.

Background: Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a contagious viral disease of ruminant animals. Eradication of disease in western countries is by slaughter of infected and in contact animals but this is not possible in endemic countries. There is no standard treatment for FMD in endemic countries, but anti-inflammatory drugs and mild disinfectant and protective dressing to inflamed areas to prevent secondary infection is recommended.

Detection of Hepatozoon sp. in a Persian leopard (Panthera pardus ciscaucasica).

A free-ranging, adult, male Persian leopard (Panthera pardus ciscaucasica) was found at Geloul-Sarani protected zone, province of North-Khorasan, Iran and transported to the Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Veterinary Teaching Hospital. The leopard had normal temperature and respiratory and cardiac frequency, but was significantly dehydrated and had elevated capillary perfusion. The animal also was cachectic, with pale mucus membranes, third-eyelid protrusion, and bilaterally enlarged submandibular lymph nodes.