Investigating the Effect of High-Dose Vitamin D3 Administration on Inflammatory Biomarkers in Patients with Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the most common neurological disorders worldwide. We aimed to investigate the efficacy of high-dose vitamin D3 on inflammatory biomarkers in patients with moderate to severe TBI.

Methods: Thirty-five moderate to severe TBI patients were randomly assigned to intervention and control groups.

Demographic Assessment of Burn Injuries in Iranian Patients.

Objective: This study investigated the demographic characteristics and factors influencing burn injuries, primarily in low socioeconomic societies where such incidents are prevalent due to factors such as illiteracy and poverty.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included all burn patients admitted to Shahid Motahari Hospital in Tehran, Iran. Demographic data such as age, sex, occupation, education level, and residence as well as detailed information about the burn incidents such as date, time, location, number of people present at the scene, and referral place was collected.

Demographic study of patients' mortality rate before and after the COVID-19 outbreak: A cross-sectional study.

Background And Aim: To better guide the health policies, it is essential to clarify the socio-demographic and clinical risk factors affecting the mortality rate of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Objective: The purpose of this project is to separate hospital mortality statistics into different groups, which will definitely help in planning to reduce the mortality rate. As well, we aimed to compare factors involved in COVID-19 death between the period before and after its outbreak.

Effect of calcitriol supplementation on infectious biomarkers in patients with positive systemic inflammatory response: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Sepsis is one of the common causes of hospitalization of patients in intensive care units. A significant role for vitamin D in sepsis has been proposed, which is due to its active metabolite, calcitriol.

Aims: Evaluate the effect of calcitriol supplementation on infectious biomarkers, including procalcitonin and presepsin.

Effect of High-dose Vitamin D on IL-1β Blood Level in Patients with Moderate Stroke: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Vitamin D has neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects in stroke patients, but its effect on pro-inflammatory and inflammatory cytokines, especially IL-1, has been investigated in a few trials.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the effect of prescribing a high dose of vitamin D on the anti-inflammatory parameters, short-term and long-term prognosis of patients with ischemic stroke.

Methods: This randomized clinical trial was performed on 42 patients randomly divided into two equal groups of 21 in Imam Hussein Hospital.

Sinopharm (HB02)-associated vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia: a case report.

Background: Vaccine-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia is associated with the coronavirus disease 2019 vaccines. It has been reported by vector-based vaccines. To the best of our knowledge, there is no report about vaccine-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia in whole-virus vaccines.

Effect of Oral Caffeine on Weaning from Mechanical Ventilation in Intubated ICU Patients.

Background: The role of caffeine as a brain stimulant in improving the respiratory characteristics of patients under mechanical ventilation is unclear. This study aimed at determining the effect of oral caffeine in helping to release (Liberation) from the ventilator in intubated patients under mechanical ventilation admitted to the intensive care unit.

Materials And Methods: General ICU patients with more than 48 hours of dependency on a ventilator were randomly divided into two groups.

Using Two Predictor Scoring Systems Together to Increase the Chance of Identifying the Augmented Renal Clearance Phenomenon: A Cross-sectional Study.

Introduction: Augmented Renal Clearance (ARC) reflects a measured creatinine clearance (CrCl) of more than 130 ml/min. Also, there are two scoring systems for the prediction of the ARC phenomenon i.e.

A randomized controlled clinical trial on efficacy and safety of anakinra in patients with severe COVID-19.

Introduction: Hyperinflammatory state has a role in the pathogenesis of COVID-19. Anakinra could reduce inflammation and help to combat the condition. In this study, we aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of anakinra (PerkinRA®) in severe COVID-19.

Evaluation of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters of meropenem in critically ill patients with acute kidney disease.

Purpose: No study has been evaluated pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) properties of β-lactam antibiotics in patients with acute kidney injury (AKI), not requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT). We evaluated the time that plasma concentrations remain above four times the MIC (ft > 4MIC) and PK parameters of meropenem in this population.

Methods: In this prospective, randomized clinical trial (RCT), all patients received standard dose (3 g daily) of meropenem for 48 h, then randomly allocated in standard or adjusted groups.

Comparison of Intravenous Ampicillin-sulbactam Plus Nebulized Colistin with Intravenous Colistin Plus Nebulized Colistin in Treatment of Ventilator Associated Pneumonia Caused by Multi Drug Resistant Randomized Open Label Trial.

The purpose of this study was evaluating the efficacy and safety of intravenous (IV) ampicillin-sulbactam plus nebulized colistin in the treatment of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP) caused by MDR (MDRA) in ICU patients as an alternative to IV plus nebulized colistin. In this single-blinded RCT, one group received IV colistin and another group IV ampicillin-sulbactam (16 and 12 patients from total 28 patients, respectively) for 14 days or since clinical response. Both groups received nebulized colistin by mesh nebulizer.

Maternal death due to COVID-19.

Background: Despite 2.5 million infections and 169,000 deaths worldwide (as of April 20, 2020), no maternal deaths and only a few pregnant women afflicted with severe respiratory morbidity have been reported to be related to COVID-19 disease. Given the disproportionate burden of severe and fatal respiratory disease previously documented among pregnant women following other coronavirus-related outbreaks (SARS-CoV in 2003 and MERS-CoV in 2012) and influenza pandemics over the last century, the absence of reported maternal morbidity and mortality with COVID-19 disease is unexpected.

Effect of High-Dose Vitamin D on Duration of Mechanical Ventilation in ICU Patients.

The relationship of vitamin D3 with the duration of mechanical ventilation and mortality is still unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of using high-dose vitamin D on the duration of mechanical ventilation among the patients admitted to the intensive care unit. The current double-blinded clinical trial was performed on 44 mechanically ventilated, adult patients.

Once Versus Thrice Daily Colistin in Critically Ill Ptients with Multi-Drug Resistant Infections.

Unlabelled: The aim of this study was to evaluate the procalcitonin (PCT) changes in two different high-dose colistin regimens in the treatment of multi-drug resistant MDR gram negative infections in ICU patients. This is a prospective study of adult ICU patients with bacteremia and ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) caused by MDR gram negative pathogens. Patients were assigned to two colistin administration groups.

Effect of Memantine on Serum Levels of Neuron-Specific Enolase and on the Glasgow Coma Scale in Patients With Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of disability and death globally. Despite significant progress in neuromonitoring and neuroprotection, pharmacological interventions have failed to generate favorable results. We examined the effect of memantine on serum levels of neuron-specific enolase (NSE), a marker of neuronal damage, and the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) in patients with moderate TBI.

Familiarity of Physicians and Nurses with Different Aspects of Oxygen Therapy; a Brief Report.

Introduction: Oxygen is a drug and physician and nurses should be familiar with the effects and potential risks of oxygen therapy. The current study aimed to assess familiarity of physicians and nurses with various aspects of oxygen therapy.

Method: In this cross sectional study, the familiarity of physicians and nurses with various aspects of oxygen therapy in a teaching hospital was evaluated using a validated questionnaire.

Magnesium Sulfate in Exacerbations of COPD in Patients Admitted to Internal Medicine Ward.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of intravenous magnesium sulfate on patients with COPD exacerbation requiring hospitalization. In this randomized clinical trial 30 patients with COPD exacerbation were studied. Patients were randomly assigned to group A (case) who concurrent with standard therapy received 2 g magnesium sulfate in normal saline infused in 20 minutes on days one to three and group B (control) who received standard medications and placebo.

A Randomized Placebo-controlled Trial of Clonidine Impact on Sedation of Mechanically Ventilated ICU Patients.

Clonidine has sedative and analgesic properties. Randomized studies examining these properties in mechanically ventilated ICU patients are scarce. This study was designed to assess the impact of clonidine on sedative agent use in mechanically ventilated patients.

Study of the neuroprotective effects of memantine in patients with mild to moderate ischemic stroke.

Ischemic stroke is amongst the top four causes of mortality and the leading cause of disability in the world. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a high dose memantine on neurological function of patients with ischemic stroke. In a randomized, 2 armed, open-label study, patients with mild to moderate cerebral thromboembolic event (CTEE) who admitted to Imam Hossein Hospital, Tehran, Iran, during preceding 24 hours, entered the study.

Invasive candidiasis in intensive care unit; consensus statement from an Iranian panel of experts, July 2013.

Invasive candidiasis (IC) is associated with high mortality in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Timely diagnosis of this potentially fatal condition remains a challenge; on the other hand, the criteria for initiating empirical antifungal therapy in critically ill patients are not well defined in different patient population and ICU settings. Alongside the international guidelines, reaching regional and local consensus on diagnosis and management of IC in ICU setting is essential.

Venous thromboembolism risk assessment, prophylaxis practices and interventions for its improvement (AVAIL-ME Extension Project, Iran).

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a major health issue worldwide. Data about VTE prophylaxis practices in developing countries are scarce.

Objectives: The primary objectives of this survey were to define the VTE risk factors in hospitalized patients, to determine the rates of VTE prophylaxis administration and guideline compliance and to assess the effects of an educational program on VTE prophylaxis practices in Iran.

Carbapenem Restriction and its Effect on Bacterial Resistance in an Intensive Care unit of a Teaching Hospital.

Unlabelled: Development of antibiotic resistance in Intensive Care Units (ICUs) is a worldwide problem. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of an antibiotic stewardship program (ASP) by carbapenems restriction on gram-negative antimicrobial resistance in ICU. The study was designed in a 21 bedded general ICU of a teaching hospital with two wings (one and two) in Tehran, Iran.

Potential Drug-drug Interactions in Post-CCU of a Teaching Hospital.

Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) can lead to increased toxicity or reduction in therapeutic efficacy. This study was designed to assess the incidence of potential drug interactions (PDI) and rank their clinical value in post coronary care unit (Post-CCU) of a teaching hospital in Tehran, Iran. In this prospective study, three pharmacists with supervision of a clinical pharmacist actively gathered necessary information for detection of DDIs.

A comparative study of intravenous paracetamol and fentanyl for pain management in ICU.

Pain in ICU patients should be managed effectively and safely. Fentanyl and Paracetamol are used frequently in ICU. However experience using IV Paracetamol in the setting of critically ill patients is limited.