The relationship between cognitive function and functional capacity, and cognitive reserve and reaction time in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Background:  Cognitive dysfunction is frequently seen in multiple sclerosis (MS). However, there are conflicting findings regarding the factors it is associated with.

Objective:  To investigate the relationship between aerobic capacity, strength, disability, depression, fatigue, and cognitive reserve and function.

Clinical and Molecular Findings in a Turkish Family Who Had a (c.869- 1G>A) Splicing Variant in PSEN1 Gene with A Rare Condition: The Variant Alzheimer's Disease with Spastic Paraparesis.

Background: Early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD) is commonly diagnosed with an onset age of earlier than 65 years and accounts for 5-10% of all Alzheimer's disease (AD) cases. To date, although only 10-15% of familial EOAD cases have been explained, the genetic cause of the vast proportion of cases has not been explained. The variant Alzheimer's disease with spastic paraparesis (var- AD) is defined as a rare clinical entity characterized by early-onset dementia, spasticity of the lower extremities, and gait disturbance.

Red and White Thrombus Characteristics in Patients Undergoing Carotid Endarterectomy.

Objective: The study aimed to compare the characteristics of red and white thrombi in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy.

Material And Methods: The study was conducted in 81 patients with ischemic stroke who underwent carotid endarterectomy for carotid artery stenosis. Carotid plaques were graded by two pathologists.

A Pericallosal Lipoma Case with Abnormal Vasculature Mimicking Arteriovenous Malformation.

Pericallosal lipomas (PCLs) are rare tumors of the central nervous system. They may be associated with some parenchymal and vascular anomalies of brain. Magnetic resonance imaging is the modality of choice to assess the extent of the PCLs and possible concomitant malformations such as callosal agenesis/disgenesis.

Listeria monocytogenes rhombencephalitis in a patient with multiple sclerosis during fingolimod therapy.

Objective: To describe a case of Listeria monocytogenes rhombencephalitis in a patient receiving fingolimod.

Methods: This is a case study.

Results: Our patient developed acute rhombencephalitis with hydrocephalus induced with Listeria monocytogenes while on fingolimod.

Neurological autoantibodies in drug-resistant epilepsy of unknown cause.

Background: Autoimmune epilepsy is a rarely diagnosed condition. Recognition of the underlying autoimmune condition is important, as these patients can be resistant to antiepileptic drugs.

Aims: To determine the autoimmune and oncological antibodies in adult drug-resistant epilepsy of unknown cause and identify the clinical, radiological, and EEG findings associated with these antibodies according to data in the literature.

Analysis of Vitamin D Receptor Polymorphisms in Patients with Familial Multiple Sclerosis.

Objective: Genetic and environmental factors are important in the development of the multiple sclerosis (MS). Vitamin D shows its effects on the immune system with the vitamin D receptor (VDR) in the nucleus. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the VDR gene can lead to alterations in vitamin D functions and metabolism.

The association between vitamin D receptor polymorphisms and multiple sclerosis in a Turkish population.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Genetic and environmental factors are important in disease development. Many studies have investigated the relationship between MS and VDR polymorphisms.

Two New Cases and Literature Review of CLIPPERS Syndrome with Long-Term Follow-up.

Chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids (CLIPPERS) is an inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system. The pathophysiology of CLIPPERS is unknown. The disease has characteristic radiological lesions located in the pons, bulbus, and cerebellum.

A Rare Presentation of Cranial Polyneuropathy Without Rash Caused by Varicella Zoster Virus.

Introduction: Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) is associated with many disorders of the central and peripheral nervous systems including neuralgia, meningitis, meningoencephalitis, cerebellitis, vasculopathy, myelopathy, Ramsay-Hunt syndrome, and polyneuritis cranialis. Cranial nerves V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, and/or XII may be affected. The neurological disorders caused by VZV usually present with rash, but may rarely present without rash.

Chrysin prevents brain damage caused by global cerebralischemia/reperfusion in a C57BL/J6 mouse model.

Background/aim: The present study investigated the neuroprotective effects of chrysin (CRS) following global cerebral ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) in a C57BL/J6 mouse model.

Materials And Methods: A total of 40 mice were equally divided into four groups: (1) sham-operated (SH = control), (2) global cerebral I/R (I/R), (3) CRS, and (4) CRS + I/R. In the I/R group, the bilateral carotid arteries were clipped for 15 min and the mice were treated with vehicle (corn oil) for 10 days.

Foveal Thickness Alterations in Patients with Migraine.

Aim: To investigate the alterations in foveal retinal thickness (FT) values in patients with migraine and to reveal the correlations between FT and clinical characteristics of migraine disease.

Methods: This study included sixty-eight eyes of 34 migraine patients [twenty-eight eyes of 14 patients with aura (group 1), and forty eyes of 20 patients without aura (group 2)] and forty eyes of 20 healthy volunteer who served as the control group (group 3). FT values were measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT) in each group.

Beneficial effects of β-glucan against cisplatin side effects on the nervous system in rats 1.

Purpose: To investigate the protective effect of Bg on cisplatin (CP)-induced neurotoxicity in rats.

Methods: Twenty eight rats were randomly distributed into four groups. The first group was kept as a control.

Familial Pompe Disease.

Introduction: Pompe disorder is a rare glycogen storage disorder that is due to a deficiency of the lysosomal alpha glycosidase enzyme. The heart, skeletal muscle, liver and nervous system can be affected from the lysosomal glycogen accumulation. Symptoms such as muscle weakness, hypotony, myopathy and respiratory failure develop.