Sustainability in maritime transport: Selecting ballast water treatment for a bulk carrier.

The study provides a comprehensive assessment of ballast water treatment systems (BWTS) selection regarding crucial parameters such as energy efficiency, fuel consumption, and CO emissions. The focus of the study is investigating the environmental impacts of BWTS and how these impacts can be considered in decision-making processes. In this context, it comprehensively analyzes the importance of decision-making parameters and the environmental consequences of BWTS applications.