Evaluation of treatment response by multiparametric MR imaging in locally advanced rectal tumors following neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Purpose: To investigate the effectiveness of multiparametric MRI examination in determining tumor response after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in locally advanced rectal tumors.

Methods: 46 patients with locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma were included and were divided into two groups as complete responders and nonresponders based on Mandard score. On MRI, relative T2w signal intensity and ADC values obtained before and after treatment and tumour volumes in dynamic contrast enhanced images (DCI) were used to determine complete response to treatment.

Evaluation of abdominal computed tomography findings in patients with COVID-19: a multicenter study.

Purpose: To evaluate the frequency of abdominal computed tomography (CT) findings in patients with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) and interrogate the relationship between abdominal CT findings and patient demographic features, clinical findings, and laboratory test results as well as the CT atherosclerosis score in the abdominal aorta.

Methods: This study was designed as a multicenter retrospective study. The abdominal CT findings of 1.

Discrimination of papillary renal cell carcinoma from benign proteinaceous cyst based on iodine and water content on rapid kV-switching dual-energy CT.

Purpose: We aimed to evaluate whether rapid kV-switching dual energy CT (rsDECT) can discriminate between papillary renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and benign proteinaceous cysts (BPCs) based on iodine and water content.

Methods: Twenty-four patients with histopathologically proven papillary RCC and 38 patients with 41 BPCs were retrospectively included. Patients with BPCs were eligible for inclusion when the cysts were stable in size and appearance for at least 2 years or proved to be a cyst on ultrasound or MRI.

Usefulness of rapid kV-switching dual energy CT in renal tumor characterization.

Purpose: To investigate whether iodine content can discriminate between benign or malignant renal tumors, malign tumor subtypes, low-grade and high-grade tumors on rapid kv-switching dual-energy CT (rsDECT).

Methods: This prospective study enrolled 95 patients with renal tumors who underwent rsDECT for tumor characterization between 2016 and 2018. Attenuation on true and virtual unenhanced images, absolute enhancement and enhancement ratio and iodine content of each lesion on nephrographic phase iodine density images were measured.

CT features of asymptomatic heterotopic pancreas in jejunal mesentery.

Heterotopic pancreas (HP) is localized pancreatic tissue that has no relation to orthotopic pancreas and has its own channel and vascular structures. Usually, the submucosa is located in the upper gastrointestinal tract; mesenteric placement is rarely reported. It is frequently asymptomatic and is detected incidentally in imaging, laparotomies, or autopsies.

Efficacy of perfusion CT in differentiating of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma from mass-forming chronic pancreatitis and characterization of isoattenuating pancreatic lesions.

Purpose: Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) is routinely used in the diagnosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), but it may be inadequate in some cases, especially mass-forming chronic pancreatitis (MFCP) and isoattenuating pancreatic lesions. Perfusion CT (pCT) may help resolve this problem. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether pCT could help differentiating PDAC from MFCP and in characterization of isoattenuating pancreatic lesions.

Lower energy levels and iodine-based material decomposition images increase pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma conspicuity on rapid kV-switching dual-energy CT.

Purpose: Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) is used in the diagnosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), but it may be inadequate in some cases. Tumor detection can be improved using rapid kV-switching dual-energy CT (rsDECT) and iodine maps. Our aim this study is to evaluate tumor conspicuity in PDAC cases using rsDECT and iodine maps.

A rare cause of acute abdomen in the ED: Chemotherapy-induced pneumatosis intestinalis.

Pneumatosis intestinalis (PI) and portomesenteric venous gas (PVG) refers to the presence of air within the intestinal wall and portomesenteric vessels. Most of the time, it is associated with mesenteric ischemia that requires immediate surgical intervention as it has high mortality rate. It may also be seen secondary to various conditions, including infections, surgeries, and some chemotherapeutic drugs.

Embryonal Testicular Cancer with Duodenal Metastasis: Could Nausea and Vomiting be Alarm Symptoms?

Aim: Duodenal metastasis of testicular cancer is an uncommon condition in clinical practice. Here, we have reported a case of this nature.

Background: Testicular cancers are among the most seen cancer types among young men.

Absence of the lateral and third ventricles associated with holoprosencephaly.

We describe a 6-month-old boy suffering from motor and mental retardation. All radiological features were suggestive of holoprosencephaly with no identifiable lateral or third ventricles and fusion of the thalami.

A Pancreatic Fistula after the Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy.

Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is a popular surgical weight-loss procedure in the treatment of morbid obesity. There are some complications regarding this procedure in the literature. This report presents a pancreatic fistula (PF) case, which has not been previously seen.

Cholangiocarcinoma Arising from a Type VI Biliary Cyst: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Cystic dilatations of the cystic duct which are suggested as type VI biliary cysts are very rare and many of them go unrecognized or are confused with other cysts until the operation although they are obvious on imaging studies. They can present with fusiform or saccular dilatations and can be accompanied by common bile duct dilatations. It is important to identify these cysts as they share the same characteristics as the other biliary cyst types and can be complicated with malignancy.

Comparison of intrahepatic vein-to-liver parenchyma and intercostal muscle-to-liver parenchyma strain ratios in the assessment of liver fibrosis: which one should we use?

Purpose: The aims of this study were to investigate whether there is a difference in diagnostic value between vein to parenchyma strain ratio (VPSR) and muscle to parenchyma strain ratio (MPSR).

Methods: VPSR and MPSR were calculated via sonoelastography, and were recorded for comparison with histopathology. ROC analysis, the Mann-Whitney U test, the Kruskal-Wallis test, and Spearman's rank correlation test were used for statistical analysis.

Efficiency of apparent diffusion coefficients in differentiation of colorectal tumor recurrences and posttherapeutical soft-tissue changes.

Objective: To evaluate effectiveness of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values measured by diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) in differentiation of colorectal tumor recurrences and posttherapeutical soft tissue changes.

Methods: For this prospective study, 30 patients (22 males, 8 females; age range 30-81 years; mean age 61±12 years) who underwent surgery for colorectal tumors and had a mass detected by computed tomography (CT) and/or MRI during follow-up examinations were divided into 2 groups [17 patients (Group 1) with recurrence and 13 patients (Group 2) with benign fibrosis/granulation tissue]. Final diagnoses were based on histopathological examination in 14 patients and clinical follow-up at least 6 months in the remaining 16.

Assessment of the Effects of Curacel and Bone Wax on the Acute Oroantral Opening Site by means of Computer Tomography and Histopathology.

Purpose: In this study, the effects of Curacel TM oxidized regenerated cellulose and bone wax on the healing bone were compared to each other by means of CT based bone density measurement and histopathological evaluation.

Methods: The bone density measurements of the control group were significantly higher than those of both Curacel and bone wax groups.

Results: There was no significant difference between Curacel and bone wax.

[The role of abdominal computed tomography in determining perforation findings and site in patients with gastrointestinal tract perforation].

Background: In this study, we investigated the role of abdominal computed tomography (CT) in determining perforation findings and site in patients with gastrointestinal tract perforation.

Methods: Preoperative abdominal CT scans of 47 patients who had surgically proven gastrointestinal tract perforation between July 2007 and July 2010 were reviewed retrospectively. The presence of free air, leakage of contrast material, wall thickness, wall discontinuity, abscess, free fluid, and phlegmon were investigated for each patient.

Incidentally detected renal adenomatosis in a patient with urolithiasis: a case report.

A renal epithelial tumor with a papillary or tubulopapillary pattern and a low nuclear grade is defined as a renal adenoma if its diameter is 5 mm or less. Two important issues related to the renal adenoma are the lack of exact criteria for the histopathological differentiation from a papillary renal cell carcinoma and the lack of consensus as to whether it is a precancerous lesion. Renal adenomatosis is very rarely seen entity entity characterized by multiple and usually bilateral adenomas.

Simplified gyral pattern with cerebellar hypoplasia in Sedaghatian type spondylometaphyseal dysplasia: a clinical report and review of the literature.

We report on a patient with Sedaghatian type spondylometaphyseal dysplasia (SSMD) who presented with metaphyseal dysplasia, congenital atrioventricular block, simplified gyral pattern, hypogenesis of corpus callosum, and severe cerebellar hypoplasia. We want to emphasize that in this rare congenital lethal skeletal dysplasia with unknown etiology, central nervous system malformations might be a major component of the disorder and should be evaluated in detail to possibly uncover the underlying pathophysiology.

Ultrasonography in patients with ulnar neuropathy at the elbow: comparison of cross-sectional area and swelling ratio with electrophysiological severity.

The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic value of ultrasonographic measurements in ulnar neuropathy at the elbow (UNE) and to assess the relationship between the measurements and the electrophysiological severity. The largest anteroposterior diameter (LAPD) and cross-sectional area (CSA) measurements of the ulnar nerve were noted at multiple levels along the arm, and the distal-to-proximal ratios were calculated. Almost all of the measurements and swelling ratios between patients and controls showed statistically significant differences.

A comparison of low-dose and normal-dose gadobutrol in MR renography and renal angiography.

Objective: It has been advocated that a reduced injection volume with highly concentrated (1 M) contrast material can produce a sharper bolus peak and an increased intravascular first-pass gadolinium concentration when compared with the use of a lower concentration (0.5 M). A higher concentration would also cause a reduction in dose.