Impact of definitive radiotherapy on metabolic response measured with Ga-PSMA-PET/CT in patients with intermediate-risk prostate cancer.

Purpose: To assess the early metabolic response of the primary tumor using Gallium-68 (Ga)-labeled-prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography (Ga-PSMA-PET/CT), as well as the relationship between PSMA change in the primary tumor and PSA response after definitive radiotherapy (RT), either alone or in combination with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in intermediate risk prostate cancer (IR-PCa) patients.

Methods: The clinical data of 71 IR-PCa patients treated with RT alone (36 patients, 50.7%) or RT and ADT (35 patients, 49.

Machine learning predicts conventional imaging metastasis-free survival (MFS) for oligometastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (omCSPC) using prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET radiomics.

Purpose: This study investigated imaging biomarkers derived from PSMA-PET acquired pre- and post-metastasis-directed therapy (MDT) to predict 2-year metastasis-free survival (MFS), which provides valuable early response assessment to improve patient outcomes.

Materials/methods: An international cohort of 117 oligometastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (omCSPC) patients, comprising 34 from John Hopkins Hospital (JHH) and 83 from Baskent University (BU), were treated with stereotactic ablative radiation therapy (SABR) MDT with both pre- and post-MDT PSMA-PET/CT scans acquired. PET radiomic features were analyzed from a CT-PET fusion defined gross tumor volume ((GTV) or zone 1), and a 5 mm expansion ring area outside the GTV (zone 2).

Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen PET Response Associates with Metastasis-Free Survival After Stereotactic Ablative Radiation in Oligometastatic Prostate Cancer.

Purpose: Emerging data suggest that metastasis-directed therapy (MDT) improves outcomes in patients with oligometastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (omCSPC). Prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography (PSMA-PET) can detect occult metastatic disease, and PSMA response has been proposed as a biomarker for treatment response. Herein, we identify and validate a PSMA-PET biomarker for metastasis-free survival (MFS) following MDT in omCSPC.

Long-term assessment of clinical parameters and positron emission tomography parameters in predicting recurrence in uterine cervical cancer patients receiving definitive chemoradiotherapy.

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the prognostic value of clinical factors and metabolic parameters measured using fluorodeoxyglucose PET (FDG-PET/CT) in predicting disease recurrence, as well as distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), local recurrence-free survival (LRFS), and overall survival (OS) in patients with uterine cervical cancer who received definitive chemoradiotherapy.

Methods: The clinical data and FDG-PET parameters, including standardized uptake value (SUV), metabolic tumor volume (MTV), and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) of 194 patients with biopsy-confirmed squamous cell carcinoma of cervical cancer were retrospectively analyzed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to ascertain prognostic factors associated with DMFS, LRFS, and OS.

The significance of metabolic response to neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy detected with [Ga]Ga-PSMA-11-PET/CT in high-risk prostate cancer patients treated with definitive radiotherapy.

Purpose: We examined the prognostic significance of early changes in primary tumor SUV measured with Gallium-68-labeled prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography ([Ga]Ga-PSMA-11-PET/CT) and serum PSA values after neoadjuvant androgen deprivation treatment (nADT) in high-risk prostate cancer (PCa) patients treated with definitive radiotherapy (RT).

Methods: The clinical data and SUV parameters of 71 PCa patients were reviewed retrospectively. The serum PSA and primary tumor SUV values were calculated before and after the start of ADT.

The effect of sodium iodide symporter protein on ablation success in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate immunohistochemical staining of sodium iodide symporter (NIS) and its effect on response to I-131 therapy in differentiated thyroid carcinoma patients.

Methods: We evaluated NIS expression, the intracellular distribution of NIS, iodine-131 uptake in residual tissues on post-ablation I-131 whole body scan, and the ablation status after 100 mCi I-131 therapy. We also investigated NIS expression and localization in tumoral paraffin-embedded tissues.

Superscan Appearance of Ga PSMA PET/CT in a Patient with Refractory Prostate Cancer.

A 64-year-old male patient with metastatic prostate carcinoma diagnosis received lutetium-177 prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) treatment; however, his disease progressed. Herein, presented the final images of the patient that demonstrated a superscan appearance in the Gallium-68 PSMA positron emission tomography/computed tomography, which is a rare phenomenon.

Long-term outcomes of cervical cancer patients with complete metabolic response after definitive chemoradiotherapy.

Objective: We investigated the importance of metabolic parameters measured with F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography integrated with computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) for predicting progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in cervical cancer with complete metabolic response (CMR) after chemoradiotherapy (ChRT).

Methods: The clinical data and PET parameters including standardized uptake value (SUV), metabolic tumor volume (MTV), and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) of 122 patients having CMR in post-treatment F-FDG-PET/CT delivered a median of 3.9 months after ChRT completion were analyzed.

F-FDG PET/CT Imaging in an Unusual Case of Cutaneous Melanoma Arising From Congenital Melanocytic Nevus in a Two-year-old Girl.

Childhood malignant melanoma (MM) is extremely uncommon. We report an unusual case of cutaneous melanoma that developed from a medium-sized congenital melanocytic nevus (CMN) in a two-year-old girl. The patient had a history of CMN on the right hip, and she presented with a new ulcerative area with irregular borders and bleeding on CMN.

Clinical parameters and nomograms for predicting lymph node metastasis detected with Ga-PSMA-PET/CT in prostate cancer patients candidate to definitive radiotherapy.

Background: Defining the extent of disease spread with imaging modalities is crucial for therapeutic decision-making and definition of treatment. This study aimed to investigate whether clinical parameters and nomograms predict prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-positive lymph nodes in treatment-naïve nonmetastatic prostate cancer (PC) patients.

Materials And Methods: The clinical data of 443 PC patients (83.

The use of 18F-FDG positron emission tomography to detect mediastinal lymph nodes in metastatic breast cancer.

Background: To assess the predictive value of F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography (FDG-PET/CT) in detecting mediastinal lymph node metastasis with histopathologic verification in breast cancer (BC) patients.

Materials And Methods: Between February 2012 and October 2019, 37 BC patients who underwent histopathological verification for FDG-PET positive mediastinal lymph nodes were retrospectively analyzed. Nine patients (24%) were screened before beginning treatment, while 27 (76%) were screened at the time of disease progression, an average of 39 months after completion of initial treatment.

Retrospective correlation of ga-psma uptake with clinical parameters in prostate cancer patients undergoing definitive radiotherapy.

Objective: The aim of the study is to investigate the correlation between the intensity of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) uptake in primary tumor and clinico-pathological characteristics of non-metastatic prostate cancer patients treated with definitive radiotherapy (RT).

Methods: Using the clinical data of 201 prostate cancer patients who were referred for  Ga-PSMA-positron emission tomography (PET/CT) for staging and RT planning, we analyzed the correlations among intermediate- or high-risk disease based on Gleason score (GS), prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, D'Amico risk group classification, and maximum standardized uptake (SUV) of primary tumor.

Results: Primary tumor was visualized via  Ga-PSMA-PET/CT scan in 192 patients (95.

The effect of androgen deprivation therapy on Ga-PSMA tracer uptake in non-metastatic prostate cancer patients.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of neoadjuvant androgen deprivation treatment (ADT) on prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) tracer uptake demonstrated in Ga-PSMA-positron emission tomography (PET/CT) in non-metastatic hormone-naïve prostate cancer (PC) patients.

Materials And Methods: The clinical data of 108 PC patients who received neoadjuvant ADT were retrospectively analyzed. All patients had a baseline Ga-PSMA-PET/CT scan, and a second scan was delivered median of 2.

Integration of 68Ga-PSMA-PET/CT in Radiotherapy Planning for Prostate Cancer Patients.

Unlabelled: To assess the role of Gallium-labeled-prostate-specific membrane antigen PET/CT (Ga-PSMA-PET/CT) in risk group definition and radiotherapy planning in the initially planned definitive radiotherapy (RT) for prostate cancer patients.

Methods: The clinical data of 191 prostate cancer patients treated with definitive intensity-modulated RT were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were initially staged with thoracoabdominal CT and bone scintigraphy, and the second staging was performed using Ga-PSMA-PET/CT.

Evaluation of cyclic direct radionuclide cystography findings with DMSA scintigraphy results in children with a prior diagnosis of vesicoureteral reflux.

Objectives: Direct radionuclide cystography (DRC) with cyclic imaging is a sensitive method used for the detection of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). Radionuclide cystography is generally recommended for follow-up evaluation of VUR. The aim of this study was to evaluate cyclic DRC with DMSA scan results during the follow-up period in children with a prior diagnosis of VUR.

Prognostic values of ADC and SUV of the primary tumour in cervical cancer patients treated with definitive chemoradiotherapy.

We analysed the correlation of F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake into primary tumours using the maximum standardised uptake value (SUV) and the mean apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with the clinical and pathological factors in patients with cervical cancer who were treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy. The patients were stratified according to the primary tumour pre-treatment ADC and SUV cut-off values. There were significant correlations between the SUV of the primary tumour and tumour size, and the treatment response.

Hounsfield unit value has null effect on thyroid nodules at 18F-FDG PET/CT scans.

Objectives: Detection rate of thyroid nodules is increasing with the use of new imaging modalities, especially in screening for malignancies. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/ CT)-positive thyroid nodules should be differentiated for malignancy to avoid unnecessary operations and further follow-up. Most trials evaluate the role of SUVmax, but there is no definitive information about the utility of Hounsfield unit (HU) values for prediction of malignancy.

An old enemy not to be forgotten during PET CT scanning of cancer patients: tuberculosis.

Aim Of The Study: Positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET CT) scan is commonly used in current medical oncology practice as an imaging method. In this study we present data from cancer patients who were followed at our clinic and suspected of having tuberculosis during PET CT scanning. After the biopsy, they were diagnosed with concomitant tuberculosis.

Is PET/CT Necessary in the Management of Early Breast Cancer?

Purpose: Advanced imaging methods in early breast cancers are not recommended before surgery. In contrast to the accepted guidelines, some recent studies have shown some benefits with the use of PET/CT in early-stage breast cancer. In this study, we aimed to document the efficacy of PET/CT in detection of distant metastasis as well as other primary cancers.

Choroidal Metastasis of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Demonstrated on SPECT-CT.

We report a 68-year-old woman with papillary thyroid carcinoma metastasizing to choroid. The choroid metastasis was diagnosed with SPECT-CT and then was treated with high-dose radioactive iodine therapy.

A Case of a Man With Isolated Breast Metastasis From Lung Adenocarcinoma Incidentally Detected by FDG PET/CT.

Breast metastases from an extramammary primary tumor are very rare, particularly in men. In this study, we present a case of a 74-year-old man with isolated breast metastasis from lung adenocarcinoma as an incidental finding on PET/CT and diagnosed concomitantly with the primary tumor. Detection of isolated incidental metastatic lesions in the breast on PET/CT imaging has a significant clinical impact on patients with known malignant disease due to change of disease stage, management, and also treatment method.

Venous thrombosis of sarcoidosis as an unusual incidental finding on 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography.

Sarcoidosis is defined as a multisystem granulomatous disorder of unknown cause. Venous thrombosis (VT) in the sarcoidosis is rare. The routine use of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) has resulted in clinicians detecting many incidental findings, which have proven to be clinically significant such as thrombosis.

Multifocal soft tissue Langerhans' cell histiocytosis treated with PET-CT based conformal radiotherapy.

Introduction: Langerhans' cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a proliferative disorder of Langerhans cells, which is seen extremely rarely in adults. Conventional imaging modalities, such as skeletal surveys and bone scans, were accepted to be standard methods for diagnosis; however, 18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET-CT) has been increasingly used.

Methods: We report on a 33-year-old female patient with disseminated LCH treated with radiotherapy and systemic chemotherapy where PET-CT has been used for defining the extent of the disease, RT planning and assessment of treatment response during follow-up.

Focal 99mTc-DMSA Uptake in Lung Parenchyma Without Structural Alterations on SPECT/CT.

Static renal scintigraphy with Tc-DMSA is commonly used for the evaluation of renal morphology and function. Extrarenal uptake of Tc-DMSA is a rare finding described previously on sites such as bone metastasis, hemangioma, and splenic amyloidosis. We report a case with Tc-DMSA activity in the lungs.