Improved gastrointestinal tolerance and iron status via probiotic use in iron deficiency anaemia patients initiating oral iron replacement: a randomised controlled trial.

This study aimed to investigate gastrointestinal tolerability, treatment persistence and iron status markers in patients with iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) who received oral iron replacement therapy (IRT) with . without concomitant Lactobacillus plantarum 299v () probiotic supplementation. A total of 295 patents with newly diagnosed IDA were randomly assigned to receive either IRT alone ( 157, IRT-only group) or IRT plus ( 138, IRT-Pro group) in this prospective randomised non-placebo-controlled study (ClinicalTrials.

Four-headed biceps brachii, three-headed coracobrachialis muscles associated with arterial and nervous anomalies in the upper limb.

A four-headed biceps brachii muscle and three-headed coracobrachialis muscle, high-originated radial artery and communication between the median and musculocutaneous nerves have been well documented in the available literature. However co-existence of these variations is rare. In this study we aimed to describe multiple variations in the upper limb and discuss their co-existence from clinical and embryological points of view.