Zonal analysis in contemporary aesthetic orthognathic surgical planning.

Background: The purpose of this article is to introduce the concept of zonal analysis in orthognathic surgical planning.

Case Presentation: The importance of developing this concept of facial zonal analysis is because grouping together elements of aesthetic importance in a region in a systematic manner allows for accurate diagnosis and logical treatment planning. An orthognathic case presentation is described to demonstrate this concept.

Corneal Neurotization Using the Great Auricular Nerve for Bilateral Congenital Trigeminal Anesthesia.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe an indirect corneal neurotization (CN) technique for congenital bilateral trigeminal anesthesia using the greater auricular nerve (GAN) as a donor.

Method: CN was performed to preserve the integrity of the only seeing eye in a 4-year-old boy with pontine tegmental cap dysplasia and bilateral trigeminal anesthesia. He had recurrent corneal ulceration and scarring despite full medical treatment.

Three-dimensional virtual surgical planning (3D-VSP) in orthognathic surgery: Advantages, disadvantages and pitfalls.

In this article, the advantages, disadvantages and pitfalls of three-dimensional virtual surgical planning (3D-VSP) compared to traditional two-dimensional (2D) planning methods in orthognathic surgery are discussed, alongside a standardised protocol that can be utilised. A skeletal Class II, skeletal Class III and an anterior open bite clinical case along with their 3D-VSP management are presented, highlighting modifications that can be made to computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacture (CAD/CAM) cutting guide and plate designs.

Review of nasal changes with maxillary orthognathic surgery.

This article reviews the literature on nasal changes with maxillary orthognathic surgery. Understanding such changes is vital for surgical planning and for obtaining appropriate informed consent, and there are medico-legal implications. During orthognathic surgical planning a prediction of the effects of the different surgical movements is possible and this forms part of the basis of the planning stage.

Total Joint Replacement for Severe Bilateral Condylar Resorption--Gorham-Stout Syndrome.

Gorham-Stout syndrome is an extremely rare bone disorder characterized by osteolytic bony resorption. It is of unknown etiology and thought to result from localized endothelial proliferation of lymphatic vessels that cause the bony resorption. Diagnosis of Gorham-Stout can only be made after excluding other common causes of bony resorption such as those caused by infection, inflammation, malignancy, and endocrine.

Facial calcinosis: case report.

Antisynthetase syndrome is a subgroup of the idiopathic inflammatory muscle diseases and is characterised by myositis, interstitial pulmonary disease, arthritis, and Raynaud phenomenon. We report the case of a 34-year-old woman with known antisynthetase syndrome who presented with subcutaneous calcinosis bilaterally in the submandibular region.

Unilateral parotid mass as an unusual presentation of lupus erythematosus profundus.

Unilateral parotid swelling or mass in the lupus erythematosus profundus person is a rare or under reported clinical scenario in existing literature. This is a case of a 49-year-old man with such presentation for whom medical management of the underlying condition led to the resolution of the swelling. Lupus erythematosus profundus must be considered as a differential diagnosis of unexplained parotid swelling to prevent incorrect diagnosis, unnecessary surgical intervention (eg, parotidectomy) and the morbidity that comes with it (eg, facial nerve weakness, Frey's syndrome etc).

A cadaveric study of the cranio-orbital foramen and its significance in orbital surgery.

Background: The cranio-orbital foramen is an osseous anatomical landmark located adjacent to the superior orbital fissure. It is a potential source of hemorrhage during deep orbital dissection because it is the location of an anastomosis between the lacrimal artery and the middle meningeal artery. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence, location, and number of cranio-orbital foramina within a Caucasian population.

Silent sinus syndrome.

Silent sinus syndrome is defined as a spontaneous and progressive enophthalmos and hypoglobus with hypoplasia of the maxillary sinus and resorption of the orbital floor. It is caused by atelectasis of the maxillary sinus in the presence of ipsilateral chronic hypoventilation of the sinus. The problem may be idiopathic, but the term is now also used to describe cases that follow operation or trauma.

Retrospective analysis of nasal soft tissue profile changes with maxillary surgery.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze the changes in the position of the nasal and labial soft tissue profile of patients undergoing bimaxillary orthognathic surgery, with special emphasis on the effect on the nasal tip projection.

Materials And Methods: The lateral cephalometric radiographs of 27 consecutive patients (16 female and 11 male patients; mean age, 22 years) who had undergone maxillary advancement and mandibular setback were studied. The pretreatment and end-of-treatment lateral cephalometric radiographs were selected.

Orbital emphysema - the need for surgical intervention.

Introduction: Orbital emphysema is a recognised complication of fractures of the orbit and only rarely poses a threat to vision.

Patients And Methods: We present three patients with threatened vision secondary to orbital emphysema that required an immediate surgical decompression.

Results: Visual function was preserved in all three patients.