Evaluation of the effects of diode laser application on experimental orthodontic tooth movements in rats. Histopathological analysis.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of diode laser use on experimental orthodontic tooth movements.

Methods: Thirty Rattus norvegicus albinus Wistar were divided into three equal groups (n = 10), two experimentals and one control. Applying 20 g orthodontic force were attached to the maxillary incisors of the rats in all groups.

Replacement of Lys-300 with a glutamine in the NhaA Na/H antiporter of yields a functional electrogenic transporter.

Much of the research on Na/H exchange has been done in prokaryotic models, mainly on the NhaA Na/H-exchanger from (EcNhaA). Two conserved aspartate residues, Asp-163 and Asp-164, are essential for transport and are candidates for possible binding sites for the two H that are exchanged for one Na to make the overall transport process electrogenic. More recently, a proposed mechanism of transport for EcNhaA has suggested direct binding of one of the transported H to the conserved Lys-300 residue, a salt bridge partner of Asp-163.