Sono-thermal pre-treatment of waste activated sludge before anaerobic digestion.

Sonication and thermalization can be applied successfully to disrupt the complex waste activated sludge (WAS) floc structure and to release extra and intra cellular polymeric substances into soluble phase along with solubilization of particulate organic matters, before sludge digestion. In this study, sonication has been combined with thermalization to improve its disintegration efficiency. It was aimed that rise in temperature occurring during the sonication of sludge was used to be as an advantage for the following thermalization in the combined pre-treatment.

Treatment of combined acid mine drainage (AMD)--flotation circuit effluents from copper mine via Fenton's process.

The treatability of a copper mine wastewater, including heavy metals, AMD, as well as flotation chemicals, with Fenton process was investigated. Fenton process seems advantageous for this treatment, because of Fe(2+) content and low pH of AMD. First, optimum Fe(2+) condition under constant H(2)O(2) was determined, and initial Fe(2+) content of AMD was found sufficient (120 mg/L for removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) of 6125 mg/L).

Advanced oxidation of biologically pretreated Baker's Yeast Industry effluents for high recalcitrant COD and color removal.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of chemical oxidation by applying ozonation, ozonation with hydrogen peroxide and Fenton's processes for decolorization and residual COD removal of biologically pretreated baker's yeast industry (BYI) effluents. Baker's yeast industry effluents characterizing with high COD, TKN, dark color, and non-biodegradable organic pollutants. The batch tests were performed to determine the optimum operating conditions including pH, O3, H2O2, and FeSO4 dosages, molar ratio of Fe2+/H2O2 and reaction time.