Neurological Exam in Rats Following Stroke and Traumatic Brain Injury.

Using the appropriate model for testing neurological symptoms in rats is essential for the assessment of functional outcome. A number of tests have been developed to quantify the severity of neurological deficits. These tests should meet criteria such as validity, specificity, sensitivity, and utility.

Mesenchymal stem cell therapy improves erectile dysfunction in experimental spinal cord injury.

The aim of this study is to investigate the therapeutic potential of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell (AD-MSC) from brown adipose tissue on erectile dysfunction (ED) in experimentally induced spinal cord injury in rats. 24 male Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups; control, spinal cord injury (SCI) + vehicle, and SCI + AD-MSC. To induce SCI, a standard weight-drop method that induced a moderate to severe injury (100 g/cm force) at T7-T10, was used.

Functional and structural changes of the urinary bladder following spinal cord injury; treatment with alpha lipoic acid.

Background & Aim: Alpha lipoic acid (LA) was shown to exert neuroprotection in trauma-induced spinal cord injury (SCI), which is frequently associated with urinary bladder complaints in patients with SCI. Accordingly, the protective effects of LA on biochemical and histological changes in bladder as well as functional studies were assessed.

Methods: Wistar albino rats were divided as control, SCI, and LA (50 mg/kg/day, ip) treated SCI groups (SCI+LA).

Melatonin and tadalafil treatment improves erectile dysfunction after spinal cord injury in rats.

Oxidative stress plays an important role both in spinal cord injury (SCI) and erectile dysfunction (ED). The present study investigated the effects of melatonin and tadalafil treatment alone or in combination on SCI-induced ED. Male Wistar albino rats (n = 40) were divided into five groups: sham-operated control and SCI-injured rats given either vehicle, melatonin (10 mg/kg, i.

Obestatin alleviates subarachnoid haemorrhage-induced oxidative injury in rats via its anti-apoptotic and antioxidant effects.

Objective: The aim was to investigate the putative anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effect of obestatin in a rat model of subarachnoidal haemorrhage (SAH).

Methods: To induce SAH, rats were injected with 0.3 mL blood into their cisterna magna.

Protective effects of melatonin against spinal cord injury induced oxidative damage in rat kidney: A morphological and biochemical study.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) induced oxidative stress affects multiple organ systems including the kidney. We studied the possible protective effects of melatonin on SCI-induced oxidative damage in renal tissues of rats. Wistar albino rats (n = 24) were exposed to SCI and divided into vehicle- or melatonin-treated SCI groups.

Beneficial effects of quercetin on rat urinary bladder after spinal cord injury.

Background: Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to an inflammatory response and generates oxidative stress, which has deleterious effects on the function of several organ systems, including the urinary bladder. The present study was designed to investigate the putative beneficial effect of quercetin against SCI-induced bladder damage.

Materials And Methods: In order to induce SCI, a standard weight-drop method that induced a moderately severe injury (100 g/cm force) at T10 was used.

Montelukast inhibits caspase-3 activity and ameliorates oxidative damage in the spinal cord and urinary bladder of rats with spinal cord injury.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to an inflammatory response that generates substantial secondary damage within the tissue besides the primary damage. Leukotrienes are biologically active 5-lipoxygenase products of arachidonic acid metabolism that are involved in the mediation of various inflammatory disorders including SCI. In this study, we investigated the possible protective effects of montelukast, a leukotriene receptor blocker, on SCI-induced oxidative damage.

Melatonin treatment protects against spinal cord injury induced functional and biochemical changes in rat urinary bladder.

Oxidative stress induced by spinal cord injury (SCI) has deleterious effects on the function of several organ systems including the urinary bladder. In this study, we investigated the possible protective actions of melatonin on SCI-induced oxidative damage and urinary bladder dysfunction. Wistar albino rats (n = 24) were divided randomly as control, vehicle- or melatonin (10 mg/kg, ip)-treated SCI groups.

Ghrelin alleviates spinal cord injury in rats via its anti-inflammatory effects.

Aim: Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to an inflammatory response that generates substantial secondary damage within the tissue besides the primary damage. Ghrelin, 28 amino-acid peptide, has been shown to modulate the release of proinflammatory cytokines and exert antiinflammatory effects. The aim of the current study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of ghrelin, in a rat model of SCI.

The safety and diagnostic value of frame-based and CT-guided stereotactic brain biopsy technique.

Aim: Histopathological diagnosis is always necessary to make an effective treatment plan for intracranial mass lesions. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy, and associated mortality and morbidity of CT-guided stereotactic biopsy procedures in a large number of patients with intracranial lesions.

Material And Methods: A total of 290 cases undergoing CT-guided stereotactic biopsy for intracranial lesions were included in this retrospective study.

Pseudoaneurysm of the superficial temporal artery following revision of a middle cerebral artery aneurysm clipping: case report and review of the literature.

Pseudoaneurysms of the superficial temporal artery are mostly traumatic in origin. Here, a case of a superficial temporal artery aneurysm that emerged following a recraniotomy is presented. A 59-year-old woman was admitted with subarachnoid hemorrhage.

The novel function of nesfatin-1 as an anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic peptide in subarachnoid hemorrhage-induced oxidative brain damage in rats.

Background: There is substantial evidence to suggest that oxidative stress plays a significant role in the development of acute brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).

Objective: To investigate the putative neuroprotective effect of nesfatin-1, a novel peptide with anorexigenic properties, in a rat model of SAH.

Methods: Male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into control, saline-treated SAH, and nesfatin-1 (10 μg/kg IP)-treated SAH groups.

The effects of Nigella sativa against oxidative injury in a rat model of subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the putative neuroprotective effect of Nigella sativa oil (NSO) treatment against subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in rats.

Methods: To induce SAH, rats were injected with 0.3 ml blood into their cisterna magna.

Neuroprotective effects of alpha-lipoic acid in experimental spinal cord injury in rats.

Background: Oxidative stress is a mediator of secondary injury to the spinal cord following trauma.

Objective: To investigate the putative neuroprotective effect of alpha-lipoic acid (LA), a powerful antioxidant, in a rat model of spinal cord injury (SCI).

Methods: Wistar albino rats were divided as control, vehicle-treated SCI, and LA-treated SCI groups.

Resveratrol improves cardiovascular function and reduces oxidative organ damage in the renal, cardiovascular and cerebral tissues of two-kidney, one-clip hypertensive rats.

Objectives: The putative protective effects of resveratrol against oxidative injury in the heart, kidney and brain tissues of rats induced with the two-kidney, one-clip (2K1C) hypertension model were investigated.

Methods: Wistar albino rats were divided into sham-operated (n = 8) or 2K1C groups, in which rats received either resveratrol (10 mg/kg per day, i.p.

Diagnostic and therapeutic role of CT-guided stereotactic surgery in the management of intracranial tuberculomas.

Aim: CT-guided stereotactic methods have long been used for the diagnosis and treatment of intracranial masses. Intracranial tuberculoma is a rare form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Histological confirmation is the gold standard for a correct diagnosis.

The anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects of ghrelin in subarachnoid hemorrhage-induced oxidative brain damage in rats.

To elucidate the putative neuroprotective effects of ghrelin in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)-induced brain injury, Wistar albino rats (n = 54) were divided into sham-operated control, saline-treated SAH, and ghrelin-treated (10 microg/kg/d IP) SAH groups. The rats were injected with blood (0.3 mL) into the cisterna magna to induce SAH, and were sacrificed 48 h after the neurological examination scores were recorded.

Spinal dysraphisms of the cervicothoracic region in childhood.

Purpose: Spinal dysraphisms are the most common congenital anomalies of the CNS. Spinal dysraphism (SD) of cervical and upper thoracic region are rare, demonstrating distinct clinical and structural configurations compared to lumbar counterparts.

Methods: In Haydarpasa Numune Hospital, a total of 7 cases (3 male and 4 female) ranging between 20 days to 9 years of age with cervicothoracic SD were operated on between 2002 and 2008.

Alpha lipoic acid alleviates oxidative stress and preserves blood brain permeability in rats with subarachnoid hemorrhage.

The neuroprotective effect of alpha lipoic acid (ALA; 100 mg/kg, po), a dithiol antioxidant, on experimentally induced subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) was assessed in Wistar albino rats. Neurological examination scores recorded at the 48th h of SAH induction were increased in SAH groups, which were accompanied with significant increases in the formation of reactive oxygen species, DNA fragmentation ratios, malondialdehyde levels and myeloperoxidase activity, while significant decreases in the brain glutathione content and Na(+), K(+)-ATPase activity were observed. On the other hand, ALA treatment reversed all these biochemical indices as well as SAH-induced histopathological alterations.

Melatonin improves cardiovascular function and ameliorates renal, cardiac and cerebral damage in rats with renovascular hypertension.

The effect of melatonin was investigated in an angiotensin II-dependent renovascular hypertension model in Wistar albino rats by placing a renal artery clip (two-kidney, one-clip; 2K1C), while sham rats did not have clip placement. Starting either on the operation day or 3 wk after the operation, the rats received melatonin (10 mg/kg/day) or vehicle for the following 6 wk. At the end of the nineth week, after blood pressure (BP) and echocardiographic recordings were obtained, plasma samples were obtained to assay lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), antioxidant capacity (AOC), asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), and nitric oxide (NOx) levels.

Melatonin reduces experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage-induced oxidative brain damage and neurological symptoms.

Oxidative stress has detrimental effects in several models of neurodegenerative diseases, including subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). This study investigated the putative neuroprotective effect of melatonin, a powerful antioxidant, in a rat model of SAH. Male Wistar albino rats were divided as control, vehicle-treated SAH, and melatonin-treated (10 mg/kg, i.

Agenesis of the left internal carotid artery associated with anterior communicating artery aneurysm: case report.

We present a rare case of agenesis of the left internal carotid artery in a 43-year old woman, associated with an aneurysm of the anterior communicating artery and presenting with subarachnoid hemorrhage. The left internal carotid artery was not visualized on the left carotid angiogram. The left middle cerebral artery was perfused from the basilar artery via the dilated posterior communicating artery on vertebral angiogram.