Broadband graphene modulator based on a plus-shaped plasmonic slot waveguide.

A novel broadband graphene modulator based on a plus-shaped plasmonic slot waveguide (PSPSW) has been demonstrated. The designed modulator includes four square silver nanowires and a graphene-${{\rm Al}_2}{{\rm O}_3}$AlO-graphene layer. Four silver nanowires are separated from each other by an ${{\rm SiO}_2}$SiO gap layer, forming a plus-shaped slot waveguide.