The Effect of 12 Hz Extremely Low-frequency Electromagnetic Field on Visual Memory of Male Macaque Monkeys.

Introduction: Today, humans live in a world surrounded by electromagnetic fields. Numerous studies have been conducted to discover the biological, physiological, and behavioral effects of electromagnetic fields on humans and animals. Given the biological similarities between monkeys and humans, The present research aimed to examine Visual Memory (VM), hormonal, genomic, and anatomic changes, in the male rhesus macaques exposed to an Extremely Low-Frequency Magnetic Field (ELF-MF).

Drug-related Death low Registration in Iran: A Mixed Method Approach for Causes, Recommendations to Solve This Problem and Geographical Evaluation of an Intervention.

Background: The death registration is conducted by different systems in Iran. The drug-related death registration is exclusively conducted by Ministry of Health and Medical Education (MOHME) and Legal Medicine Organization (LMO). This study investigates the causes of undercounting drug-related deaths (DRDs) in Iran, provides recommendations for addressing this issue, and provides a geographical evaluation of the integrity and quality of drug-related mortality registration (2014-2017).

Spatial distribution and temporal trend of drug-related deaths in the Islamic Republic of Iran during 2014-2017.

Background: Research suggests that there is an increasing trend in drug-related deaths worldwide: an estimated 69 000 individuals lose their lives due to substance abuse annually.

Aims: To determine the geographical pathology of drug-related deaths in the Islamic Republic of Iran and to evaluate incidence trends, with a focus on identifying high- and low-risk regions.

Methods: For this ecological study, we collected data from the 2 main sources (the Legal Medicine Organization and the Ministry of Health and Medical Education) responsible for registering substance-related deaths during 2014-2017.

Years of Life Lost (YLLs) due to drug-related deaths in the Islamic Republic Of Iran (2014-2017): a temporal and geographic pattern.

The present study aimed to measure the mortality burden caused by premature death due to substance abuse in different geographical regions of Iran from 2014-17. In this serial cross-sectional study, the data related to individuals who had died of drug abuse were first collected from two sources (Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Education and the Iranian Legal Medicine Organization). Then, using the capture-recapture method, the number of drug-related deaths was estimated.

Avocado/soy unsaponifiables can redress the balance between serum antioxidant and oxidant levels in patients with osteoarthritis: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over study.

Objectives: Osteoarthritis (OA) is an inflammatory disorder of the joint characterized by pain and stiffness. Oxidative stress plays an important role in pathogenesis of OA. We aimed to evaluate the effects of avocado/soy unsaponifiables (ASU) compound on serum antioxidant and oxidative stress in patients with Osteoarthritis.

An Estimation of Drug-Related Deaths in Iran, Using the Capture-Recapture Method (2014-2016).

Background: The Ministry of Health and Medical Education (MOHME) and the Legal Medicine Organization (LMO) are the 2 death registration systems in Iran for registering drug-related deaths. The aim of the present study was to assess the number of undercount and the overlap between the deaths registered by the 2 sources.

Methods: In this descriptive study, according to the ý10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases ý(ICD-10), the registered data on drug-related deaths in the years 2014-2016, as recorded by the MOHME and the LMO, were collected and the number of deaths was estimated using 2-source capture-recapture method and Excel and SPSS software.

The pro-convulsant effects of diazinon low dose in male rats under amygdala kindling.

Organophosphates can damage the brain in systemic intoxication. In this study, the effects of a minimum toxic dose (MTD) of diazinon (DZ) on amygdala afterdischarge threshold (ADT), kindling acquisition and kindled seizure parameters were evaluated. Intact male rats were stereotactically implanted with a tripolar and two monopolar electrodes in the amygdala and dura respectively.

Serological prevalence of avian H9N2 influenza virus in dogs by hemagglutination inhibition assay in Kerman, southeast of Iran.

Influenza is a highly contagious zoonotic disease in the world. Avian H9N2 influenza virus is a significant pandemic pathogen widely distributed throughout the world. Pet ownership has been documented as a risk factor for infection transmission to human.

Effects of the Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields on NMDA-Receptor Gene Expression and Visual Working Memory in Male Rhesus Macaques.

Introduction: The present research aimed to examine Visual Working Memory (VWM) test scores, as well as hormonal, genomic, and brain anatomic changes in the male rhesus macaques exposed to Extremely Low Frequency Magnetic Field (ELF-MF).

Methods: Four monkeys were exposed to two different ELF-MF frequencies: 1 Hz (control) and 12 Hz (experiment) with 0.7 μT (magnitude) 4 h/d for 30 consecutive days.

Role of basal stress hormones and amygdala dimensions in stress coping strategies of male rhesus monkeys in response to a hazard-reward conflict.

Objectives: In the present study the effect of stress on monkeys that had learned to retrieve food from a five-chamber receptacle, as well as the relationship between their behavior and the serum cortisol and epinephrine levels and relative size of the amygdala was evaluated.

Materials And Methods: Six male rhesus monkeys were individually given access to the food reward orderly. They could easily retrieve the rewards from all chambers except for the chamber 4, which a brief, mild electric shock (3 V) was delivered to them upon touching the chamber's interior.

Psychotherapy for Medically Unexplained Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial Comparing Intensive Short-Term Dynamic Psychotherapy and Cognitive-Behavior Therapy.

Background: The efficacy of intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy (ISTDP) for medically unexplained pain remains open to debate because of a paucity of high-quality studies.

Objectives: This study sought to evaluate ISTDP as a treatment for medically unexplained pain in outpatients by comparing it with the established evidence-based cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) in a randomized clinical trial.

Methods: A total of 341 adults with medically unexplained pain were randomly assigned to 16 sessions of individual manualized CBT (N = 164) or ISTDP (N = 177).

Congenital peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia in a terrier dog.

A one-month-old male terrier dog was referred in shock status with a history of anorexia, tachypnea, abdominal distention and progressive weight loss. Auscultation of right side of the lungs found enhanced respiratory noises. The thorough auscultation of the opposite side of the chest revealed the presence of typical intestinal sounds.

A Possible Non-genomic Epileptogenic Properties of Estradiol Attenuated by MK801 and DNQX in Amygdala Kindled Rats.

Although the epileptogenic properties of estrogens have been widely demonstrated in several models and species, the mechanism(s) by which estrogens can acutely change seizure parameters including after discharge and seizure durationremains to be determined. In the present study, we examined the role of NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate), non-NMDA andestrogen receptors in estradiol benzoate(EB) effects on kindled seizure parameters. Different groups of fully kindled male rats received either EB (30 μg /Kg); EB plus MK801 (2 mg/Kg, as NMDA antagonist); DNQX (7.

Intestinal dermoid cyst in a German shepherd dog.

A two-year-old male German shepherd dog was admitted to Shahid Bahonar Veterinary Hospital with clinical signs that included lethargy, anorexia, vomiting, abdominal pain and dehydration. Physical examination revealed nothing significant. Routine paraclinical tests only revealed a stress leukogram.

The protective effects of N-Acetl-cysteine, oxo-thiazolidine-carboxylate, acetaminophen and their combinations against sulfur mustard cytotoxicity on human skin fibroblast cell line (HF2FF).

Background: Using human skin-fibroblast cell line HF2FF, the efficacy of some drugs was evaluated against sulfur mustard (SM) cytotoxicity. The drugs were the sulfhydryl containing molecule including N-acetylcysteine (NAC), 2-oxo-thiazolidine-4-carboxylate (OTC) and acetaminophen as glutathione (GSH) stimulator pathway.

Methods: The protective effects of NAC (0.

Suppressive effects of lamotrigine on the development and expression of tolerance to morphine-induced antinociception in the male mouse.

Previous studies have demonstrated that some anticonvulsant drugs can modulate tolerance to the opioid analgesia. In the present study, the effects of lamotrigine (LTG) on the development and expression of tolerance to the morphine-induced antinociception were evaluated using tail-flick test. To assess the LTG effects on tolerance development, the animals received LTG (3, 10 or 30 mg/kg; i.

Vigabatrin attenuates the development and expression of tolerance to morphine-induced antinociception in mice.

The efficacy of opioids is limited in chronic pain treatment, as a result of development of opioid tolerance. Based on previous demonstration of the effect of anticonvulsant drugs on morphine antinociception, the present study investigated the effects of vigabatrin (VGB) on the development and expression of morphine tolerance in mice. 101 male NMRI mice weighing 20-25 g were used in these experiments.

An Analysis of Inter-Operator Registration Variability in Helical Tomotherapy.

This study aims to determine the image registration interoperator variability using the image fusion interface on the TomoTherapy system. The study focused on the registration results among five Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre personnel comparing 15 retrospective prostate, bladder, and head and neck patients from day 2 megavoltage computed tomography images with planning computed tomography images. Personnel were instructed to manually adjust the fused images after automatic bony registration matching disease-specific criteria.

The antiepileptic activity of Vitex agnus castus extract on amygdala kindled seizures in male rats.

The antiepileptic activity of hydrophilic extract of Vitex agnus castus fruit (Vitex) was evaluated by the kindling model of epilepsy. Intact male rats (250-300 g) were stereotaxically implanted with a tripolar and two monopolar electrodes in amygdala and dura, respectively. The afterdischarge (AD) threshold was determined in each animal and stimulated daily until fully kindled.

Estradiol alters afterdischarge threshold and acquisition of amygdala kindled seizures in male rats.

We have previously shown that estradiol (E(2)) can initially increase and then decrease kindle seizure parameters in amygdala kindled male rats. This study focuses on the effects of estradiol benzoate (EB) on afterdischarge (AD) threshold and electrical kindling acquisition in intact male rats. After implantation of tripolar and monopolar electrodes in amygdala and dura surface respectively, effects of EB on AD threshold and electrical kindling acquisition were investigated by daily injection of EB (microg/kg) or sesame oil (EB solvent) in different groups of male rats.