IKs blockade reduces dispersion of repolarization in heart failure.

Background: The slow and rapid (I(Kr)) components of I(K) are major determinants of ventricular repolarization. Unlike I(Kr), which is homogeneously expressed across the transmural wall, I(Ks) expression is reduced in midmyocardial cells and presumably contributes significantly to transmural dispersion of repolarization. Increased dispersion of repolarization during pharmacologic blockade of I(Kr) is proarrhythmic, primarily due to relatively selective prolongation of midmyocardial cell action potential duration (APD).

Dialyzer fiber bundle volume and kinetics of solute removal in continuous venovenous hemodialysis.

The relationship between dialyzer fiber bundle volume (FBV), dialyzer life span, and small-solute clearance has yet to be clearly defined in continuous venovenous hemodialysis (CVVHD). This study sought to define this relationship using novel ultrasound dilution technology. We studied 55 sessions in 31 intensive care unit patients on CVVHD therapy.