Publications by authors named "Mehdi Norouzi"
Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection causes the uncommon and deadly cancer known as adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), which affects mature T cells. Its clinical appearance is varied, and its prognosis is often miserable. Drug resistance to conventional therapies confers significant therapeutic challenges in the management of ATLL.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Postpartum depression (PPD) is a common and debilitating disorder affecting mothers worldwide. This study aimed to identify risk factors and the frequency of PPD in Mashhad, Iran.
Methods: A population-based case-control study was conducted using data from the Sina Health Information System (SINAEHR) from March 1, 2017, to June 20, 2024.
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a type of blood cancer related to human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1). The principal aim of this study was to investigate cellular processes related to innate immune response, intracellular protein transport, and translational initiation regulation in individuals afflicted with ATLL and Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Whole blood samples and peripheral blood mononuclear cells were collected from 10 viral ATLL patients and 10 ALL subjects.
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- HTLV-1 is linked to serious health issues like Adult T-cell Leukemia/Lymphoma and HAM/TSP; thus, screening potential organ donors for the virus is vital due to high transmission risks, particularly in kidney transplant recipients.
- A study at the Iranian Tissue Bank from 2014 to 2021 found that 3% of 3,814 potential organ/tissue donors tested positive for HTLV-1, with rates significantly dropping from 6% to 0.5% over the years.
- Females showed a higher positivity rate (4%) than males (2%), and donors with brain death had a much lower infection rate (0.2%) compared to those with circulatory death (4%).
Background: Cardiomyopathy during pregnancy significantly impacts maternal health, contributing to high morbidity and mortality. Identifying risk factors for this condition is crucial for enhancing prenatal care and preventing adverse outcomes.
Study Design: This population-based case-control study investigates the risk factors associated with cardiomyopathy in pregnant women.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the link between household food insecurity and low birth weight (LBW) in Mashhad, Iran, analyzing data from over 6,000 mothers.
- Food insecurity was found to significantly increase the risk of LBW, with other contributing factors including younger maternal age, lower education levels, cesarean deliveries, and exposure to secondhand smoke.
- Geographic mapping showed that areas with higher food insecurity also had higher rates of LBW, highlighting the need to tackle food access issues to enhance maternal and newborn health.
The hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a major cause of acute viral hepatitis worldwide. HEV is classified into eight genotypes, labeled HEV-1 through HEV-8. Genotypes 1 and 2 exclusively infect humans, while genotypes 3, 4, and 7 can infect both humans and animals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHuman T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a RNA virus belonging to Retroviridae family and is associated with the development of various diseases, including adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). Aside from HAM/TSP, HTLV-1 has been implicated in the development of several disorders that mimic auto-inflammation. T-cell migration is important topic in the context of HTLV-1 associated diseases progression.
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- - The study highlights the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of viral keratitis (VK) to improve patient outcomes, focusing on the role of antiviral medications and supportive care.
- - Researchers analyzed samples from 162 patients suspected of ocular infections and found that 29.6% tested positive for various viruses, with the highest prevalence being varicella-zoster virus (VZV) and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1).
- - Multiplex real-time PCR was used for efficient viral diagnosis, revealing that aqueous humor samples were particularly effective for detecting VK, potentially changing how diagnoses are made and reducing unnecessary antibiotic use.
Human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is associated with adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), a fetal malignant infection. Recently, HTLV-1 new asymptomatic carriers (ACs) have frequently been reported among blood donors. Reaching the profound concept of HTLV-1-associated molecular pathogenesis could result in finding novel therapeutic strategies.
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- - The study investigates how HTLV-1 infection affects mRNA expressions of proteins linked to T-cell activation in asymptomatic carriers, focusing on early molecular changes related to this virus.
- - It involved 40 participants, with blood samples analyzed for specific HTLV-1 proteins and key T-cell regulatory proteins using advanced techniques like RT-qPCR and statistical software for data analysis.
- - Findings showed that certain proteins (GSK3β, MAP3K14, PLCG1, SLP-76, and TAK1) had significantly higher mRNA expressions in asymptomatic carriers compared to healthy individuals, suggesting important pathways in T-cell activation that could indicate disease progression.
Article Synopsis
- Viruses constantly challenge human health, requiring the immune system to develop strong defenses, particularly through natural killer (NK) cells that help detect and eliminate infected cells.* -
- NK cells are essential for early antiviral responses but undergo significant changes during infections that can affect their functionality and effectiveness.* -
- This review focuses on the dual role of NK cells in antiviral immunity and their transformation during viral encounters, providing insights that could lead to new therapeutic strategies against viral diseases.*
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), an infrequent malignancy resultant from human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-1), exhibits a spectrum of phenotypes, encompassing acute, smoldering, lymphomatous, and chronic variants, each bearing distinct clinical presentations. The preponderant acute manifestation is characterized by hypercalcemia, systemic manifestations, organomegaly, and dermatological eruptions. Conversely, the chronic phenotype is typified by lymphocytosis and/or cutaneous eruptions, while smoldering ATLL assumes an asymptomatic course.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis paper introduces a transformer encoding linker network (TELNet) for automatically identifying scene boundaries in videos without prior knowledge of their structure. Videos consist of sequences of semantically related shots or chapters, and recognizing scene boundaries is crucial for various video processing tasks, including video summarization. TELNet utilizes a rolling window to scan through video shots, encoding their features extracted from a fine-tuned 3D CNN model (transformer encoder).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHuman papillomavirus (HPV) is a common sexually transmitted virus that can lead to the development of various types of cancer. While there are vaccines available to prevent HPV infection, there is also growing interest in the role of nutrition in reducing the risk of HPV-related cancers in HPV positive patients. Diet and nutrition play a critical role in maintaining overall health and preventing various diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Very few studies have investigated athletes with disabilities during a long period of competitions, such as a professional league. Also, there are limited findings related to specific mechanisms and risk factors of injury, and prevention strategies in Wheelchair Basketball. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the rate and characteristics of injuries in the 2021-2022 Iran Wheelchair Basketball League and present prevention strategies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Objectives: HTLV-1 is responsible for two important diseases, HAM/TSP and ATLL. Approximately 10 to 20 million people are infected with HTLV-1 worldwide. Identifying altered genes in different cancers is crucial for finding potential treatment strategies.
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- The study explored the antiviral effects of a compound called Sp on COVID-19 patients in the ICU, involving 104 participants aged 48-66 who received either Sp or a placebo for 2 weeks.
- Results showed significant improvements in blood biomarkers for those taking Sp, including higher hematocrit levels and lower platelet counts, as well as better biochemical markers related to kidney and liver functions.
- No significant differences were found in immunological or hormonal levels between the two groups, suggesting that Sp may help regulate specific blood abnormalities linked to COVID-19.
Background: The prevalence of occult hepatitis B infection (OBI) among Iranian liver transplant recipient patients has not been explored yet. The present study aimed to determine the OBI prevalence among Iranian liver transplant recipients.
Methods: This study encompassed 97 patients having undergone liver transplantation due to several clinical backgrounds in the Liver Transplantation Center, Tehran, Iran.
Aims: HTLV-1 causes two life-threatening diseases: adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis. Due to the lack of proper treatment, an effective HTLV-1 vaccine is urgently needed.
Main Methods: DNA sequences of 11-19 and 178-186 amino acids of HTLV-1-Tax and SP2 and P21 were fused to the mouse-Fcγ2a, or His-tag called Tax-Env:mFcγ2a and Tax-Env:His, respectively.
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV) type 1-associated disease of TCD4 cell transformation. Despite extensive studies on ATLL development and progression, the fundamental processes of HTLV-1 oncogenicity are yet to be understood. This study aimed to integrate high-throughput microarray datasets to find novel genes involved in the mechanism of ATLL progression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: The analysis of the gene expression of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) is important to clarify the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the detection of suitable biomarkers. The purpose of this investigation was to use RNA-sequencing to screen the appropriate differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the PBMCs for the HCC.
Methods: The comprehensive transcriptome of extracted RNA of PBMC ( = 20) from patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), liver cirrhosis, and early stage of HCC (5 samples per group) was carried out using RNA-sequencing.
Acceptance and willingness to receive the vaccine are among the main factors in the success or failure of a health system in implementing the vaccination program. The present study was conducted in Tehran, the political and economic capital of Iran, to determine the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine and identify its associated factors, and explain the most important barriers and acceptance strategies for vaccination. This research was a concurrent quantitative and qualitative mixed-method study.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The objectives of this study were to analyze the clinical features and laboratory profiles and risk factors associated with critical illness of children with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
Methods: One hundred and sixty-six coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Iranian pediatric patients were recruited through a collaborative research network between March and May 2020. Demographics, clinical, laboratory, and radiological results were obtained from patient files.