Declining trend of HTLV-1 among organ/ tissue donors in Iranian Tissue Bank between 2014-2021.

Background: Human T-cell Lymphotropic Virus type-1 (HTLV-1) infection is associated with serious disorders, including Adult T-cell Leukemia/Lymphoma (ATLL) and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). In addition to sexual, vertical, parenteral, and blood transfusion, organ/tissue transplantation is considered as a transmission route of HTLV infection. Given the substantial risk of HTLV-1 transmission and the subsequent development of HAM/TSP (approximately 40%) in kidney transplant recipients, pre-transplant donor screening is crucial.

Investigating the risk factors of cardiomyopathy in pregnant mothers.

Background: Cardiomyopathy during pregnancy significantly impacts maternal health, contributing to high morbidity and mortality. Identifying risk factors for this condition is crucial for enhancing prenatal care and preventing adverse outcomes.

Study Design: This population-based case-control study investigates the risk factors associated with cardiomyopathy in pregnant women.

Association Between Household Food Insecurity and Low Birth Weight: A Population-Based Case-Control Study.

Background: Low birth weight (LBW) is a major public health issue associated with increased neonatal morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to examine the association between household food insecurity and LBW in Mashhad, Iran. A population-based case-control study.

From discovery to treatment: tracing the path of hepatitis E virus.

The hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a major cause of acute viral hepatitis worldwide. HEV is classified into eight genotypes, labeled HEV-1 through HEV-8. Genotypes 1 and 2 exclusively infect humans, while genotypes 3, 4, and 7 can infect both humans and animals.

Effects of HTLV-1 on leukocyte trafficking and migration in ACs compared to healthy individuals.

Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a RNA virus belonging to Retroviridae family and is associated with the development of various diseases, including adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). Aside from HAM/TSP, HTLV-1 has been implicated in the development of several disorders that mimic auto-inflammation. T-cell migration is important topic in the context of HTLV-1 associated diseases progression.

Leukemia-Related Signaling Pathways Among HTLV-1-Derived Adult T Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma and Asymptomatic Carriers in Comparison to Normal Group.

Human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is associated with adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), a fetal malignant infection. Recently, HTLV-1 new asymptomatic carriers (ACs) have frequently been reported among blood donors. Reaching the profound concept of HTLV-1-associated molecular pathogenesis could result in finding novel therapeutic strategies.

Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) grip on T-cells: investigating the viral tapestry of activation.

Introduction: Human T-cell Lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) belongs to retroviridae which is connected to two major diseases, including HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) and Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL). This study aims to investigate the mRNA expressions of key proteins correlated to T-cell activation in asymptomatic carriers (ACs) HTLV-1 infected patients, shedding light on early molecular events and T-cell activation following HTLV-1 infection.

Material And Methods: The study involved 40 participants, including 20 ACs and 20 healthy subjects.

Unraveling the dynamic mechanisms of natural killer cells in viral infections: insights and implications.

Viruses pose a constant threat to human well-being, necessitating the immune system to develop robust defenses. Natural killer (NK) cells, which play a crucial role in the immune system, have become recognized as vital participants in protecting the body against viral infections. These remarkable innate immune cells possess the unique ability to directly recognize and eliminate infected cells, thereby contributing to the early control and containment of viral pathogens.

Therapeutic approaches for HTLV-1-associated adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma: a comprehensive review.

Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), an infrequent malignancy resultant from human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-1), exhibits a spectrum of phenotypes, encompassing acute, smoldering, lymphomatous, and chronic variants, each bearing distinct clinical presentations. The preponderant acute manifestation is characterized by hypercalcemia, systemic manifestations, organomegaly, and dermatological eruptions. Conversely, the chronic phenotype is typified by lymphocytosis and/or cutaneous eruptions, while smoldering ATLL assumes an asymptomatic course.

Video Scene Detection Using Transformer Encoding Linker Network (TELNet).

This paper introduces a transformer encoding linker network (TELNet) for automatically identifying scene boundaries in videos without prior knowledge of their structure. Videos consist of sequences of semantically related shots or chapters, and recognizing scene boundaries is crucial for various video processing tasks, including video summarization. TELNet utilizes a rolling window to scan through video shots, encoding their features extracted from a fine-tuned 3D CNN model (transformer encoder).

Exploring the correlation between progression of human papillomavirus infection towards carcinogenesis and nutrition.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a common sexually transmitted virus that can lead to the development of various types of cancer. While there are vaccines available to prevent HPV infection, there is also growing interest in the role of nutrition in reducing the risk of HPV-related cancers in HPV positive patients. Diet and nutrition play a critical role in maintaining overall health and preventing various diseases.

Epidemiology of injuries during Iran wheelchair basketball professional league: predictive risk factors and prevention strategies.

Background: Very few studies have investigated athletes with disabilities during a long period of competitions, such as a professional league. Also, there are limited findings related to specific mechanisms and risk factors of injury, and prevention strategies in Wheelchair Basketball. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the rate and characteristics of injuries in the 2021-2022 Iran Wheelchair Basketball League and present prevention strategies.

Investigating the effect of gene (MEK1) in MAPK pathway in the induction of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL).

Background And Objectives: HTLV-1 is responsible for two important diseases, HAM/TSP and ATLL. Approximately 10 to 20 million people are infected with HTLV-1 worldwide. Identifying altered genes in different cancers is crucial for finding potential treatment strategies.

Characterization of occult hepatitis B infection among Iranian liver transplant recipients.

Background: The prevalence of occult hepatitis B infection (OBI) among Iranian liver transplant recipient patients has not been explored yet. The present study aimed to determine the OBI prevalence among Iranian liver transplant recipients.

Methods: This study encompassed 97 patients having undergone liver transplantation due to several clinical backgrounds in the Liver Transplantation Center, Tehran, Iran.

Selective APC-targeting of a novel Fc-fusion multi-immunodominant recombinant protein (Tax-Env:mFcγ2a) for HTLV-1 vaccine development.

Aims: HTLV-1 causes two life-threatening diseases: adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis. Due to the lack of proper treatment, an effective HTLV-1 vaccine is urgently needed.

Main Methods: DNA sequences of 11-19 and 178-186 amino acids of HTLV-1-Tax and SP2 and P21 were fused to the mouse-Fcγ2a, or His-tag called Tax-Env:mFcγ2a and Tax-Env:His, respectively.

Signaling factors potentially associated to the pathogenesis of Adult T-cell leukemia /lymphoma: A network-analysis and novel findings assessment.

Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV) type 1-associated disease of TCD4 cell transformation. Despite extensive studies on ATLL development and progression, the fundamental processes of HTLV-1 oncogenicity are yet to be understood. This study aimed to integrate high-throughput microarray datasets to find novel genes involved in the mechanism of ATLL progression.

Identifying Potential New Gene Expression-Based Biomarkers in the Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Hepatitis B-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Objective: The analysis of the gene expression of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) is important to clarify the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the detection of suitable biomarkers. The purpose of this investigation was to use RNA-sequencing to screen the appropriate differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the PBMCs for the HCC.

Methods: The comprehensive transcriptome of extracted RNA of PBMC ( = 20) from patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), liver cirrhosis, and early stage of HCC (5 samples per group) was carried out using RNA-sequencing.

The Barriers, Challenges, and Strategies of COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) Vaccine Acceptance: A Concurrent Mixed-Method Study in Tehran City, Iran.

Acceptance and willingness to receive the vaccine are among the main factors in the success or failure of a health system in implementing the vaccination program. The present study was conducted in Tehran, the political and economic capital of Iran, to determine the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine and identify its associated factors, and explain the most important barriers and acceptance strategies for vaccination. This research was a concurrent quantitative and qualitative mixed-method study.

A multicenter retrospective study of clinical features, laboratory characteristics, and outcomes of 166 hospitalized children with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A preliminary report from Iranian Network for Research in Viral Diseases (INRVD).

Background: The objectives of this study were to analyze the clinical features and laboratory profiles and risk factors associated with critical illness of children with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).

Methods: One hundred and sixty-six coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Iranian pediatric patients were recruited through a collaborative research network between March and May 2020. Demographics, clinical, laboratory, and radiological results were obtained from patient files.

Molecular epidemiology and phylogenetic analysis of human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 in the gene and it association with adult t-cell leukemia/lymphoma disorders.

Background And Objectives: Human T-lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1) belongs to retrovirus family that causes the neurological disorder HTLV-1 adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL). Since 1980, seven subtypes of the virus have been recognized. HTLV-1 is prevalent and endemic in some regions, such as Africa, Japan, South America and Iran as the endemic regions of the HTLV-1 in the Middle East.

Comprehensive high-throughput meta-analysis of differentially expressed microRNAs in transcriptomic datasets reveals significant disruption of MAPK/JNK signal transduction pathway in Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma.

Background: Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1) infection may lead to the development of Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL). To further elucidate the pathophysiology of this aggressive CD4+ T-cell malignancy, we have performed an integrated systems biology approach to analyze previous transcriptome datasets focusing on differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) in peripheral blood of ATLL patients.

Methods: Datasets GSE28626, GSE31629, GSE11577 were used to identify ATLL-specific DEM signatures.