The Impact of Telenursing on the Self-management of Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Adolescent Cancer Patients Receiving Chemotherapy.

Background: Chemotherapy is one of the cancer treatments among adolescents, after which nursing care at home is required due to developing side effects such as constipation, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. One solution to deliver nursing care is to provide remote self-management training.

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of telenursing on the self-management of gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms among adolescents undergoing chemotherapy.

Global prevalence of cataract surgery.

Purpose Of Review: The objective of this review article is to ascertain the global distribution of cataract surgery and evaluate the extent of its coverage in recent years.

Recent Findings: The cataract surgical rate (CSR) has been reported from 36 to 12 800 (per million population) across different countries. The average cataract surgical coverage (CSC) in the majority of countries was around 50% or lower.

Agreement of a Pyramidal Wavefront-Based Autorefraction with Dry, Cycloplegic, and Subjective Refraction in Myopic Refractive Surgery Candidates.

Purpose: To evaluate the repeatability of a pyramidal wavefront-based refraction (WFR) measurement and its agreement with dry autorefraction (DR), cycloplegic autorefraction (CR), and subjective refraction (SR) in myopic refractive surgery candidates.

Methods: One hundred eighty-nine eyes from 189 participants were evaluated. PERAMIS aberrometry (PERAMIS; SCHWIND eye-tech-solutions, Kleinostheim, Germany), DR, and CR, as well as SR, were completed for all candidates.

Decomposition of Economic Inequality in Age-Related Macular Degeneration by Using Oaxaca-Blinder Decomposition: Tehran Geriatric Eye Study.

Purpose: To investigate economic inequality in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and decompose it into its determinants using Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition (OBD).

Methods: The Tehran Geriatric Eye Study was a cross-sectional study conducted on individuals aged 60 years and older, utilizing stratified random cluster sampling. Each participant received a comprehensive optometric, and slit-lamp examination.

Intraocular pressure and its association with ocular biometrics in Iranian children.

Purpose: To determine the mean value and normative distribution of intraocular pressure (IOP) in children and their association with demographic and ocular biometrics.

Methods: Cluster sampling was done to select the students in urban areas of Shahroud, northeast Iran, while all students living in rural areas were selected. IOP was measured in mmHg using a non-contact tonometer, along with corneal and retinal imaging and ocular biometric measurement.

Comparison of the accommodative amplitude measured with and without the use of a specialised accommodative rule in children.

Objective: To determine the agreement between measurements of accommodative amplitude (AoA) in children using a specialised accommodative rule and measurments without it.

Methods: A total of 502 children underwent optometric examinations, including the measurement of visual acuity, objective and subjective refraction. AoA measurements were done with and without the Berens accommodative rule.

Macular Thickness and Volume by Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography and their Related Factors in the Elderly Population.

Purpose: To determine the distribution of macular thickness and macular volume in an elderly healthy population 60 years of age and above and their determinants.

Methods: The sampling was performed using a multistage stratified random cluster sampling method on the geriatric population 60 years of age and above in Tehran, Iran. All participants underwent optometric examinations, slit-lamp examination, and optical biometry.

Distribution and associated factors of keratometry and corneal astigmatism in an elderly population.

To determine the distribution of keratometry and corneal astigmatism (CA) and their association with demographic factors, systemic parameters, anthropometric measures, ocular biometric indices, and refractive errors in people aged 60 years and above. In this cross-sectional study, 160 clusters were randomly selected from Tehran city (Iran) using the multi-stage cluster sampling method. All participants underwent optometric examinations including testing uncorrected and best-corrected distance visual acuity, non-cycloplegic autorefraction, and subjective refraction.

Analysis of macular thickness and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in various ABO and Rh blood groups.

Purpose: To determine the association between ABO and Rh blood groups with retinal structural indices including macular thickness and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted using convenience sampling in a tertiary referral eye hospital in Tehran, Iran. Study participants were referred to the hospital laboratory to test their blood group.

Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Diagnosis of Dry Eye Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Purpose: Clinical diagnosis of dry eye disease is based on a subjective Ocular Surface Disease Index questionnaire or various objective tests, however, these diagnostic methods have several limitations.

Methods: We conducted a comprehensive review of articles discussing various applications of artificial intelligence (AI) models in the diagnosis of the dry eye disease by searching PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases up to December 2022. We initially extracted 2838 articles, and after removing duplicates and applying inclusion and exclusion criteria based on title and abstract, we selected 47 eligible full-text articles.

The Effect of Cycloplegia on Ocular Alignment and AC/A Ratio.

Purpose: The present study sets out to investigate the effect of cyclopentolate-induced cycloplegia on distance and near deviation and the accommodative convergence/accommodation (AC/A) ratio.

Methods: This prospective study was performed on 30 subjects. The inclusion criteria included a lack of any active ocular pathology and systemic diseases, no history of ocular surgery, and nonuse of various medications.

Prevalence of retinal pathologies in people over 60 years: the Tehran Geriatrics Eye Study.

Aim: To determine the prevalence of some retinal pathologies in people over 60y and their association with demographic and ocular factors.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Tehran using multistage cluster sampling. After selecting subjects aged 60 and over, optometric, and ophthalmic examinations were done.

Subfoveal choroidal thickness in a general elderly population; Tehran geriatric eye study.

Purpose: To determine the distribution of subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) and its associated demographic, ocular, and systemic factors in an elderly population.

Methods: This report is part of the Tehran Geriatric Eye Study (TGES); a population-based cross-sectional study that was conducted on the urban elderly population of Tehran, aged 60 years and above using multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling. Choroidal imaging was performed using Spectralis SD-OCT with enhanced depth imaging mode.

Five-year changes in macular thickness in the elderly population: A cohort study.

Background: The aim of this study is to determine the 5-year changes in macular thickness and related factors.

Methods: Data were from the second (2014) and third (2019) phases of the Shahroud Eye Cohort Study. Examinations included measurement of uncorrected and best-corrected visual acuity, non-cycloplegic autorefraction, slit-lamp biomicroscopy, and funduscopy.

The association between visual impairment and mental disorders.

To determine the association between visual impairment (VI) and some mental disorders using the general health questionnaire (GHQ) in individuals aged 60 years and above in Tehran, Iran. The present population-based cross-sectional study was conducted on people aged 60 and older in Tehran, Iran using multi-stage cluster sampling. After selecting the samples, examinations including visual acuity measurement, refraction, and slit-lamp biomicroscopy were performed for all participants.

The association between iris color and refractive errors in children.

This study aimed to evaluate the association between iris color and refractive errors in children aged 6-12 years. This cross-sectional study was based on data obtained from the first phase of the Shahroud Schoolchildren Eye Cohort Study. The target population was 6 to12 year-old students living in urban and rural areas.

Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness and its Ocular and Systemic Determinants in an Elderly Population: A Population-Based Study.

Purpose: To determine the distribution, ocular, and systemic determinants of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (pRNFLT) using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in an elderly population.

Methods: This report is a part of the Tehran Geriatric Eye Study, a population-based cross-sectional study conducted in Tehran, the capital of Iran. The study population was all residents aged 60 years and above in Tehran.

Does Long-Term Night Shift Work Cause Dry Eye in Hospital Nurses?

Purpose: To determine the long-term effects of night shift work on dry eye in hospital nurses.

Methods: Each participant was evaluated four times, including at the beginning of the day shift (8 am), at the end of the day shift (2 pm), at the beginning of the night shift (8 pm), and at the end of the night shift (8 am), using the tear break-up time (TBUT) test and ocular surface disease index (OSDI) questionnaire.

Results: The results showed significant differences in the TBUT and OSDI between the end of the day shift (2 pm) (10.

The Repeatability of Axial Length Measurements Using a Scheimpflug-based System.

Purpose: To assess the repeatability of Pentacam AXL as a Scheimpflug-based system or measuring axial length according to the age, sex, lens type, axial length value, and type of cataract.

Methods: The present study was conducted using multistage cluster sampling in Tehran, Iran. Ocular biometry was performed, using the Pentacam AXL, by an experienced optometrist on all the participants.

Mean cycloplegic refractive error in emmetropic adults - The Tehran Eye Study.

Purpose: In children under 20 years, refractive development targets a cycloplegic refractive error of +0.5 to +1.5D, while presbyopes over 40 years generally have non-cycloplegic errors of ≥ +1D.

Applications of SMILE-extracted lenticules in ophthalmology.

Aim: To review recent innovations, challenges, and applications of small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) extracted lenticule for treating ocular disorders.

Methods: A literature review was performed in the PubMed database, which was last updated on 30 December 2021. There was no limit regarding language.

Prevalence of anisometropia and its associated factors in school-age children.

Purpose: To determine the prevalence of anisometropia and the associated demographic and biometric risk factors in children.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on the elementary school children of Shahroud, east of Iran, in 2015. All rural students were recruited, while multistage cluster sampling was used to select the students in urban areas.

Agreements' profile of Scheimpflug-based optical biometer with gold standard partial coherence interferometry.

Aim: To determine the agreement of ocular biometric indices including axial length, keratometric readings, anterior chamber depth, and horizontal corneal diameter between the Pentacam AXL and IOL Master 500.

Methods: The study was a large cross-sectional population-based study (Tehran Geriatric Eye Study) conducted from Jan 2019 to Jan 2020. A total of 160 clusters were randomly selected proportional to size (each cluster contained 20 individuals) from 22 strata of Tehran city.