Expansion of human alpha-cell area is associated with a higher maximum body mass index before the onset of type 2 diabetes.

We examined whether maximum body mass index (BMI) before the onset of diabetes (MBBO) affects histological findings of islet cells. We divided patients into two groups according to an MBBO cutoff of 25 kg/m or BMI cutoff of 21 kg/m. We compared immunohistochemical parameters between the MBBO groups or BMI groups.

Characteristics and clinical course of type 1 diabetes mellitus related to anti-programmed cell death-1 therapy.

Aims: We conducted a national survey to clarify the characteristics and clinical course of type 1 diabetes related to anti-programmed cell death-1 therapy.

Methods: We analyzed the detailed data of 22 patients that were collected using a Japan Diabetes Society survey and a literature database search.

Results: Among the 22 patients, 11 (50.

Factors associated with treatment satisfaction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus using oral glucose-lowering agents: a cross-sectional study in urban districts in Japan.

Various oral glucose-lowering agents are available in Japan. Although the objective characteristics of these drugs are well described, little is known about treatment satisfaction by patients using these agents. The aim of this study was to assess treatment satisfaction of diabetic patients visiting diabetes clinics using the Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (DTSQ) and to determine the association of the DTSQ scores with various factors including oral glucose-lowering agents.

Insulin-producing cells derived from 'induced pluripotent stem cells' of patients with fulminant type 1 diabetes: Vulnerability to cytokine insults and increased expression of apoptosis-related genes.

Aims/introduction: The present study was carried out to generate induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from patients with fulminant type 1 diabetes, and evaluate the cytokine-induced apoptotic reactions of β-like insulin-producing cells differentiated from the iPSCs.

Materials And Methods: iPSCs were generated from fibroblasts of patients with fulminant type 1 diabetes by inducing six reprogramming factors. Insulin-producing cells were differentiated from the iPSCs in vitro.

Risk factors for sudden death and cardiac arrest at the onset of fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Aims: The onset of fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus is sometimes accompanied by sudden death or cardiac arrest. The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors for the development of these conditions at the onset of fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Methods: We conducted a search of the literature on fulminant type 1 diabetes and sudden death or cardiac arrest published up to 2012 in PubMed and Ichushi (a Japanese article database), and a questionnaire survey was administered to the authors of the articles and to diabetes specialists affiliated to the Japan Diabetes Society.

Examination of a Viral Infection Mimetic Model in Human iPS Cell-Derived Insulin-Producing Cells and the Anti-Apoptotic Effect of GLP-1 Analogue.

Aims: Viral infection is associated with pancreatic beta cell destruction in fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study was to investigate the acceleration and protective mechanisms of beta cell destruction by establishing a model of viral infection in pancreatic beta cells.

Methods: Polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid was transfected into MIN6 cells and insulin-producing cells differentiated from human induced pluripotent stem cells via small molecule applications.

Relationship between serum cystatin C and serum adiponectin level in type 2 diabetic patients.

Background: To investigate the relationship between serum levels of cystatin C and adiponectin in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: We examined serum cystatin C and adiponectin levels in 234 patients with type 2 diabetes who visited our hospital.

Results: The serum level of cystatin C was positively correlated with age (P < 0.

Long-term efficacy of trilostane for Cushing's syndrome due to adrenocorticotropin-independent bilateral macronodular adrenocortical hyperplasia.

A 66-year-old man with Cushing's syndrome due to adrenocorticotropin-independent bilateral macronodular adrenocortical hyperplasia (AIMAH) was treated for 7 years with trilostane, a 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase inhibitor. Administration of trilostane reduced the serum cortisol level to around the upper limit of normal for 7 years, and symptoms of excessive glucocorticoid production (such as moon face and obesity) were gradually improved. On the other hand, the size of both adrenal glands gradually increased despite treatment with trilostane.