Single-dose versus multiple-dose ciprofloxacin plus metronidazole prophylaxis in transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy of the prostate: a randomized controlled trial.

To investigate and compare the infectious and non-infectious complications of single-dose versus multiple-dose antibiotic therapy for trans-rectal ultrasound (TRUS)-guided biopsy of the prostate. Patients were enrolled in a prospective randomized study that was designed to investigate the effects of single-dose versus multiple-dose antimicrobial prophylaxis regimen mainly on asymptomatic bacteriuria, urinary tract infection (UTI) without fever, fever and urinary septicemia. The single-dose group received one ciprofloxacin 500 mg tablet and two metronidazole 250 mg tablets at 2 hours before the biopsy, while the multiple-doses group received those every 12 hours from 3 days before the biopsy.

Opioid-sparing effect of intravenous paracetamol after percutaneous nephrolithotomy: a double-blind randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: To evaluate meperidine-sparing effect of intravenous (IV) paracetamol in patients undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL).

Patients And Methods: One hundred patients who underwent PCNL were randomized to paracetamol (n=50) and placebo (n=50) groups. Patients received 100 mL of physiologic saline with or without 1 g IV paracetamol every 8 hours after PCNL up to 24 hours in the paracetamol and placebo groups, respectively.