An Experimental Model Exhibiting Anterograde and Retrograde Vascular Occlusion of Facial Fillers to Avoid Vision Loss.

Background: Facial filler injection techniques that help decrease the risk of vascular occlusion are an important growing area of study. This study demonstrates a model of injecting fillers into a simulated bifurcated arterial system, using different sized needle gauges at a constant injection pressure.

Methods: Three facial fillers were injected into a bifurcated intravenous tubing with continuous irrigation at a constant pressure to simulate a vascular system.